Question 1

Step 3 in glycolysis is shown below.Which of the following statements concerning this process is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP provides the phosphoryl group and the necessary energy for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
B) The formation of fructose-1,6,-bisphosphate provides the necessary energy for breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP. 
C) The energy released in the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is stored in ADP. 
D) The phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is an exergonic reaction. 
E) The phosphorylation of ADP provides the energy necessary for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
A) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP provides the phosphoryl group and the necessary energy for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
B) The formation of fructose-1,6,-bisphosphate provides the necessary energy for breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP. 
C) The energy released in the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is stored in ADP. 
D) The phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is an exergonic reaction. 
E) The phosphorylation of ADP provides the energy necessary for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

Question 2

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is considered the universal energy currency in cells. 
B) ATP is a nucleotide triphosphate. 
C) ATP contains a phosphoester bond. 
D) ATP contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
E) The three phosphoryl groups of ATP are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds. 
A) ATP is considered the universal energy currency in cells. 
B) ATP is a nucleotide triphosphate. 
C) ATP contains a phosphoester bond. 
D) ATP contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
E) The three phosphoryl groups of ATP are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds.

Question 3

Red blood cells rely exclusively on lactate as their energy source.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The abbreviated form of the equation for breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? ATP → ADP + ? + 7 kcal/mol

Accepted Answer

A) AMP 
B) water 
C) an inorganic phosphate group or Pi  
D) NAD+ 
E) energy 
A) AMP 
B) water 
C) an inorganic phosphate group or Pi  
D) NAD+ 
E) energy

Question 5

The last step in alcohol fermentation involves the reduction of acetaldehyde and the oxidation of NADH.What is the structure of the reduction product?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) CH3CH2OH 
E) CH3CH3 
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) CH3CH2OH 
E) CH3CH3

Question 6

Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP can be used to "drive" a reaction.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP acts as a carrier molecule for substrates in reactions. 
B) The ATP produced from breaking the phosphoanhydride bond acts as a catalyst to increase the rates of otherwise slow biochemical processes. 
C) The energy produced from breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP is used by energy-requiring reactions in the body. 
D) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP yields a phosphate group that is used as a cofactor in enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the body. 
E) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP activates the effector site on allosteric enzymes,which can then be used to catalyze reactions. 
A) ATP acts as a carrier molecule for substrates in reactions. 
B) The ATP produced from breaking the phosphoanhydride bond acts as a catalyst to increase the rates of otherwise slow biochemical processes. 
C) The energy produced from breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP is used by energy-requiring reactions in the body. 
D) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP yields a phosphate group that is used as a cofactor in enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the body. 
E) Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP activates the effector site on allosteric enzymes,which can then be used to catalyze reactions.

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning metabolism is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions that take place in living cells. 
B) Anabolism involves the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones; catabolism involves the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones. 
C) Anabolic reactions are endergonic reactions,and catabolic reactions are exergonic reactions. 
D) The energy required for catabolic reactions is provided by the energy released from anabolic reactions. 
E) The human body utilizes both anabolic and catabolic reactions. 
A) Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions that take place in living cells. 
B) Anabolism involves the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones; catabolism involves the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones. 
C) Anabolic reactions are endergonic reactions,and catabolic reactions are exergonic reactions. 
D) The energy required for catabolic reactions is provided by the energy released from anabolic reactions. 
E) The human body utilizes both anabolic and catabolic reactions.

Question 8

Stage I of catabolism produces the most ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Yogurt is produced by lactate fermentation by bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is meant by the term catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) the total of all chemical reactions within the human body 
B) the formation of glucose and other important biomolecules 
C) the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate compounds 
D) the degradation (breakdown)of molecules with an accompanying release of energy 
E) the biosynthesis (buildup)of molecules with an accompanying release of energy 
A) the total of all chemical reactions within the human body 
B) the formation of glucose and other important biomolecules 
C) the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate compounds 
D) the degradation (breakdown)of molecules with an accompanying release of energy 
E) the biosynthesis (buildup)of molecules with an accompanying release of energy

Question 11

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of milk sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) lipase 
B) hydrolase 
C) lactose 
D) lactase 
E) peptase 
A) lipase 
B) hydrolase 
C) lactose 
D) lactase 
E) peptase

Question 12

Into what final product is glucose converted at the end of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) pyruvate 
A) lactate 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) pyruvate

Question 13

What occurs in Stage II of catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. 
B) Proteins are broken down into amino acids. 
C) Food molecules are oxidized to CO2,H2O,and energy for ATP synthesis. 
D) Polysaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides. 
E) The products of digestion are further broken down into smaller molecules. 
A) Lipids are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. 
B) Proteins are broken down into amino acids. 
C) Food molecules are oxidized to CO2,H2O,and energy for ATP synthesis. 
D) Polysaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides. 
E) The products of digestion are further broken down into smaller molecules.

Question 14

The hormones glucagon and epinephrine primarily control which biochemical pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) digestion 
C) glycogenolysis 
D) glycogenesis 
E) oxidative phosphorylation 
A) glycolysis 
B) digestion 
C) glycogenolysis 
D) glycogenesis 
E) oxidative phosphorylation

Question 15

The blood of an average 70 kg human being contains about 20 g of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Step 3 in glycolysis is shown below.Which of the following statements concerning this process is true?

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Red blood cells rely exclusively on lactate as their energy source.

The abbreviated form of the equation for breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? ATP → ADP + ? + 7 kcal/mol

The last step in alcohol fermentation involves the reduction of acetaldehyde and the oxidation of NADH.What is the structure of the reduction product?

Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP can be used to "drive" a reaction.What does this mean?

Which of the following statements concerning metabolism is FALSE?

Stage I of catabolism produces the most ATP.

Yogurt is produced by lactate fermentation by bacteria.

What is meant by the term catabolism?

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of milk sugar?

Into what final product is glucose converted at the end of glycolysis?

What occurs in Stage II of catabolism?

The hormones glucagon and epinephrine primarily control which biochemical pathway?

The blood of an average 70 kg human being contains about 20 g of glucose.

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation.

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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Exam 21: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Step 3 in glycolysis is shown below.Which of the following statements concerning this process is true?

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Red blood cells rely exclusively on lactate as their energy source.

The abbreviated form of the equation for breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? ATP → ADP + ? + 7 kcal/mol

The last step in alcohol fermentation involves the reduction of acetaldehyde and the oxidation of NADH.What is the structure of the reduction product?

Breaking the phosphoanhydride bond of ATP can be used to "drive" a reaction.What does this mean?

Which of the following statements concerning metabolism is FALSE?

Stage I of catabolism produces the most ATP.

Yogurt is produced by lactate fermentation by bacteria.

What is meant by the term catabolism?

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of milk sugar?

Into what final product is glucose converted at the end of glycolysis?

What occurs in Stage II of catabolism?

The hormones glucagon and epinephrine primarily control which biochemical pathway?

The blood of an average 70 kg human being contains about 20 g of glucose.

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation.

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters