Question 1

What polymer is the principal storage form of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) DNA 
E) insulin 
A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) DNA 
E) insulin

Question 2

The abbreviated form of the equation for the first reaction of glycolysis is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? glucose + Pi + 3 kcal/mol → water + ?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) glucose-6-phosphate 
C) an inorganic phosphate group 
D) hexokinase 
E) glucose triphosphate 
A) ATP 
B) glucose-6-phosphate 
C) an inorganic phosphate group 
D) hexokinase 
E) glucose triphosphate

Question 3

What is the reducing agent for the conversion of pyruvate into lactate in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) NADPH 
C) NADH 
D) FAD 
E) FADH2 
A) NAD+ 
B) NADPH 
C) NADH 
D) FAD 
E) FADH2

Question 4

The primary function of catabolic pathways is the generation of a particular substance.What is this substance?

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) inorganic phosphate 
C) ATP 
D) glucose 
E) AMP 
A) O2 
B) inorganic phosphate 
C) ATP 
D) glucose 
E) AMP

Question 5

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of dietary proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) lactase 
B) pepsin 
C) lipase 
D) amylase 
E) insulin 
A) lactase 
B) pepsin 
C) lipase 
D) amylase 
E) insulin

Question 6

When one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation,what happens to the net number of NAD+ and NADH molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) The number of NAD+ molecules increases,and the number of NADH molecules decreases. 
B) The number of NAD+ molecules decreases,and the number of NADH molecules increases. 
C) The number of NAD+ molecules decreases,and the number of NADH molecules decreases. 
D) The number of NAD+ molecules increases,and the number of NADH molecules increases. 
E) There is no net change in the number of molecules of either NAD+ or NADH. 
A) The number of NAD+ molecules increases,and the number of NADH molecules decreases. 
B) The number of NAD+ molecules decreases,and the number of NADH molecules increases. 
C) The number of NAD+ molecules decreases,and the number of NADH molecules decreases. 
D) The number of NAD+ molecules increases,and the number of NADH molecules increases. 
E) There is no net change in the number of molecules of either NAD+ or NADH.

Question 7

In the first substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis,a phosphoryl group is transferred from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP,thus producing ATP.What is the other product of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) 3-phosphoglycerate 
B) 2-phosphoglycerate 
C) phosphoenolpyruvate 
D) pyruvate 
E) lactate 
A) 3-phosphoglycerate 
B) 2-phosphoglycerate 
C) phosphoenolpyruvate 
D) pyruvate 
E) lactate

Question 8

What substance is converted into fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
B) pyruvate 
C) lactate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose-6-phosphate 
A) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
B) pyruvate 
C) lactate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose-6-phosphate

Question 9

Gluconeogenesis involves the production of glycogen from a noncarbohydrate source.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What are the two ways in which the energy of a food source can be released in a catabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) chemical bond energy and light 
B) heat and light 
C) chemical bond energy and heat 
D) electrons and enzymes 
E) phosphate and enzymes 
A) chemical bond energy and light 
B) heat and light 
C) chemical bond energy and heat 
D) electrons and enzymes 
E) phosphate and enzymes

Question 11

ATP is a ribonucleotide triphosphate.Which of the following correctly represents the structure of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 12

What is the function of coenzyme A?

Accepted Answer

A) to carry acetyl groups in the form of acetyl CoA to the citric acid cycle 
B) to oxidize carbohydrates in glycolysis 
C) to hydrolyze triglycerides to produce fatty acids and glycerol 
D) to carry phosphate groups to glycolysis 
E) to carry ADP to the citric acid cycle 
A) to carry acetyl groups in the form of acetyl CoA to the citric acid cycle 
B) to oxidize carbohydrates in glycolysis 
C) to hydrolyze triglycerides to produce fatty acids and glycerol 
D) to carry phosphate groups to glycolysis 
E) to carry ADP to the citric acid cycle

Question 13

The energy released from the oxidation of the food we eat can be used to form ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Excess glucose is stored in the body as glycogen.Where are these glycogen reserves primarily found?

Accepted Answer

A) brain and red blood cells 
B) red blood cells and liver 
C) adipose tissue and brain 
D) liver and skeletal muscles 
E) kidneys and fat cells 
A) brain and red blood cells 
B) red blood cells and liver 
C) adipose tissue and brain 
D) liver and skeletal muscles 
E) kidneys and fat cells

Question 15

Which statement concerning glycogenolysis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the process by which glycogen is broken down into glucose. 
B) It is a pathway that provides the brain and muscle with free glucose. 
C) It has the effect of raising blood glucose levels. 
D) It is utilized when vigorous activity depletes blood glucose levels. 
E) It is activated by the secretion of insulin into the bloodstream. 
A) It is the process by which glycogen is broken down into glucose. 
B) It is a pathway that provides the brain and muscle with free glucose. 
C) It has the effect of raising blood glucose levels. 
D) It is utilized when vigorous activity depletes blood glucose levels. 
E) It is activated by the secretion of insulin into the bloodstream.

Question 16

The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate.What is the product of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) fructose-6-bisphosphate 
D) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) fructose-6-bisphosphate 
D) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate

Question 17

What compound is produced during strenuous exercise,when the muscles are depleted of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) NADPH 
C) lactate 
D) ethanol 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) pyruvate 
B) NADPH 
C) lactate 
D) ethanol 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 18

What hydrolysis product of fats is converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate so that it may enter the glycolysis pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) glycerol 
C) fructose 
D) amino acids 
E) ethanol 
A) glucose 
B) glycerol 
C) fructose 
D) amino acids 
E) ethanol

Question 19

In alcohol fermentation,yeast converts ethanol into acetic acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is the first reaction in glycolysis,which traps glucose within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation of glucose 
B) hydrolysis of glucose 
C) hydrogenation of glucose 
D) phosphorylation of glucose 
E) dehydration of glucose 
A) oxidation of glucose 
B) hydrolysis of glucose 
C) hydrogenation of glucose 
D) phosphorylation of glucose 
E) dehydration of glucose

Exam 21: Carbohydrate Metabolism

What polymer is the principal storage form of glucose?

The abbreviated form of the equation for the first reaction of glycolysis is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? glucose + Pi + 3 kcal/mol → water + ?

What is the reducing agent for the conversion of pyruvate into lactate in muscle tissue?

The primary function of catabolic pathways is the generation of a particular substance.What is this substance?

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of dietary proteins in the stomach?

When one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation,what happens to the net number of NAD+ and NADH molecules?

In the first substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis,a phosphoryl group is transferred from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP,thus producing ATP.What is the other product of this reaction?

What substance is converted into fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase?

Gluconeogenesis involves the production of glycogen from a noncarbohydrate source.

What are the two ways in which the energy of a food source can be released in a catabolic pathway?

ATP is a ribonucleotide triphosphate.Which of the following correctly represents the structure of ATP?

What is the function of coenzyme A?

The energy released from the oxidation of the food we eat can be used to form ATP.

Excess glucose is stored in the body as glycogen.Where are these glycogen reserves primarily found?

Which statement concerning glycogenolysis is FALSE?

The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate.What is the product of this reaction?

What compound is produced during strenuous exercise,when the muscles are depleted of oxygen?

What hydrolysis product of fats is converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate so that it may enter the glycolysis pathway?

In alcohol fermentation,yeast converts ethanol into acetic acid.

What is the first reaction in glycolysis,which traps glucose within the cell?

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters

The abbreviated form of the equation for the first reaction of glycolysis is shown below.What is the missing product in this reaction? glucose + P_i + 3 kcal/mol → water + ?

When one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation,what happens to the net number of NAD⁺ and NADH molecules?