Question 1

Which radioactive emission can be stopped by a few sheets of paper?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) proton 
E) electron 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) proton 
E) electron A

Question 2

What is the nuclear symbol for the isotope formed when 16
7 N undergoes beta decay?

Accepted Answer

A)  $0$
$- 1$ e 
B)  16
8 O 
C)  16
6 C 
D)  20
5 B 
E)  15
7 N 
A)  $0$
$- 1$ e 
B)  16
8 O 
C)  16
6 C 
D)  20
5 B 
E)  15
7 N B

Question 3

When the strength of a radioactive source is specified in curies,it provides no information on the biological effects of the radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

What nuclear process involves heavy nuclei splitting into lighter nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A) gamma decay 
B) beta decay 
C) breeding 
D) fission 
E) fusion 
A) gamma decay 
B) beta decay 
C) breeding 
D) fission 
E) fusion

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the sequence with which nuclear power plants generate energy?

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → heat energy 
B) nuclear energy → heat energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy 
C) electrical energy → mechanical energy → heat energy → nuclear energy 
D) mechanical energy → nuclear energy → heat energy → electrical energy 
E) heat energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → nuclear energy 
A) nuclear energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → heat energy 
B) nuclear energy → heat energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy 
C) electrical energy → mechanical energy → heat energy → nuclear energy 
D) mechanical energy → nuclear energy → heat energy → electrical energy 
E) heat energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → nuclear energy

Question 6

Which of the following isotopes has no neutrons?

Accepted Answer

A) H-1 
B) H-2 
C) H-3 
D) He-4 
E) C-12 
A) H-1 
B) H-2 
C) H-3 
D) He-4 
E) C-12

Question 7

When a nuclear reaction is balanced,which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The number of atoms of each element is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
B) The sum of the mass numbers is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
C) The sum of the atomic numbers is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
D) None of the choices are true. 
E) Both the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers are the same on either side of the reaction. 
A) The number of atoms of each element is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
B) The sum of the mass numbers is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
C) The sum of the atomic numbers is the same on either side of the reaction arrow. 
D) None of the choices are true. 
E) Both the sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers are the same on either side of the reaction.

Question 8

The isotope $99 \mathrm {~m}$
43 Tc decays to $\begin{array} { l } 
99 \
43
\end{array}$ Tc by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) neutron 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) neutron

Question 9

The term LD50 represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the dosage of toxic material needed to kill 50% of the exposed population in 30 days 
B) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in one day 
C) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in 30 days 
D) the percentage of people that will die when exposed to 50 mg of a toxic substance 
E) the amount of radiation absorbed by the body when standing 50 m from a radioactive substance 
A) the dosage of toxic material needed to kill 50% of the exposed population in 30 days 
B) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in one day 
C) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in 30 days 
D) the percentage of people that will die when exposed to 50 mg of a toxic substance 
E) the amount of radiation absorbed by the body when standing 50 m from a radioactive substance

Question 10

Bombardment of which isotope with high speed neutrons (cosmic radiation)forms carbon-14 in the upper atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) Li-5 
B) U-238 
C) O-16 
D) O-18 
E) N-14 
A) Li-5 
B) U-238 
C) O-16 
D) O-18 
E) N-14

Question 11

Which phrase best describes a metastable isotope?

Accepted Answer

A) an isotope that is only partially stable 
B) an isotope that decays by emitting only a gamma ray 
C) an isotope that decays only when prompted by neutron bombardment 
D) an isotope that is man-made 
E) any isotope of an element that is radioactive 
A) an isotope that is only partially stable 
B) an isotope that decays by emitting only a gamma ray 
C) an isotope that decays only when prompted by neutron bombardment 
D) an isotope that is man-made 
E) any isotope of an element that is radioactive

Question 12

A substance is described as being radioactive.What does this indicate about the substance?

Accepted Answer

A) The substance was formed as a result of the decay of an unstable nucleus. 
B) The substance has been exposed to radiation from a decaying nucleus. 
C) The substance emits high energy particles or rays from its unstable nucleus. 
D) The substance readily absorbs radiation from the radiofrequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum. 
E) The substance is extremely small; special radio microscopes are necessary to view it. 
A) The substance was formed as a result of the decay of an unstable nucleus. 
B) The substance has been exposed to radiation from a decaying nucleus. 
C) The substance emits high energy particles or rays from its unstable nucleus. 
D) The substance readily absorbs radiation from the radiofrequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum. 
E) The substance is extremely small; special radio microscopes are necessary to view it.

Question 13

What product nucleus results from the alpha decay of radium-226?

Accepted Answer

A) radium-226m 
B) thorium-230 
C) radon-222 
D) radium-230 
E) thorium-222 
A) radium-226m 
B) thorium-230 
C) radon-222 
D) radium-230 
E) thorium-222

Question 14

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? 16
7 N ? 16
8 O + $0$
$- 1$ e

Accepted Answer

A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission 
A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission

Question 15

Phosphorus-31 is a non-radioactive isotope of phosphorus,and phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus used in nuclear medicine.Which statement concerning these two isotopes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Both isotopes emit high energy particles or rays known as radiation. 
B) The radioactive isotope has one more proton than the non-radioactive isotope. 
C) The non-radioactive isotope has 31 neutrons and the radioactive isotope has 32 neutrons. 
D) Both isotopes have the same number of protons and neutrons. 
E) The non-radioactive isotope has 16 neutrons and the radioactive isotope has 17 neutrons. 
A) Both isotopes emit high energy particles or rays known as radiation. 
B) The radioactive isotope has one more proton than the non-radioactive isotope. 
C) The non-radioactive isotope has 31 neutrons and the radioactive isotope has 32 neutrons. 
D) Both isotopes have the same number of protons and neutrons. 
E) The non-radioactive isotope has 16 neutrons and the radioactive isotope has 17 neutrons.

Question 16

Which of the following measures of radioactivity takes into account the relative biological effect (RBE)of the radiation involved?

Accepted Answer

A) rem 
B) rad 
C) roentgen 
D) curie 
E) half-life 
A) rem 
B) rad 
C) roentgen 
D) curie 
E) half-life

Question 17

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)depends on the presence of what type of particles in body tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon atoms 
B) hydrogen atoms 
C) water molecules 
D) radioactive isotopes 
E) magnetic particles 
A) carbon atoms 
B) hydrogen atoms 
C) water molecules 
D) radioactive isotopes 
E) magnetic particles

Question 18

Give the missing symbol to the following nuclear reaction. 11
6 C ? 11
5 B + ?

Accepted Answer

A)  4
2 ? 
B)  $\begin{array} { c } 
0 \
+ 1
\end{array}$ ? 
C)  $\begin{array} { c } 
0 \
+ 1
\end{array}$ e 
D)  $0$
$- 1$ e 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A)  4
2 ? 
B)  $\begin{array} { c } 
0 \
+ 1
\end{array}$ ? 
C)  $\begin{array} { c } 
0 \
+ 1
\end{array}$ e 
D)  $0$
$- 1$ e 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 19

What is the charge of a beta particle?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) -1 
C) 1 
D) -2 
E) 2 
A) 0 
B) -1 
C) 1 
D) -2 
E) 2

Question 20

Which statement concerning the stability of nuclei is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Light elements are stable if their ratio of protons to neutrons is 2:1. 
B) Nuclei with 36 or more protons are unstable. 
C) Isotopes with even numbers of protons and neutrons are more stable than those with odd numbers of protons and neutrons. 
D) All isotopes with more protons than neutrons are stable. 
E) Naturally occurring isotopes containing 1,3,5,7,9…protons or neutrons are stable. 
A) Light elements are stable if their ratio of protons to neutrons is 2:1. 
B) Nuclei with 36 or more protons are unstable. 
C) Isotopes with even numbers of protons and neutrons are more stable than those with odd numbers of protons and neutrons. 
D) All isotopes with more protons than neutrons are stable. 
E) Naturally occurring isotopes containing 1,3,5,7,9…protons or neutrons are stable.

Exam 9: The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

Which radioactive emission can be stopped by a few sheets of paper?

What is the nuclear symbol for the isotope formed when 16 7 N undergoes beta decay?

When the strength of a radioactive source is specified in curies,it provides no information on the biological effects of the radiation.

What nuclear process involves heavy nuclei splitting into lighter nuclei?

Which of the following best describes the sequence with which nuclear power plants generate energy?

Which of the following isotopes has no neutrons?

When a nuclear reaction is balanced,which of the following is TRUE?

The isotope 99 m99 \mathrm {~m}99 m 43 Tc decays to 99 43 Tc by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

The term LD50 represents which of the following?

Bombardment of which isotope with high speed neutrons (cosmic radiation)forms carbon-14 in the upper atmosphere?

Which phrase best describes a metastable isotope?

A substance is described as being radioactive.What does this indicate about the substance?

What product nucleus results from the alpha decay of radium-226?

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? 16 7 N ? 16 8 O + 000 −1- 1−1 e

Phosphorus-31 is a non-radioactive isotope of phosphorus,and phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus used in nuclear medicine.Which statement concerning these two isotopes is TRUE?

Which of the following measures of radioactivity takes into account the relative biological effect (RBE)of the radiation involved?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)depends on the presence of what type of particles in body tissue?

Give the missing symbol to the following nuclear reaction. 11 6 C ? 11 5 B + ?

What is the charge of a beta particle?

Which statement concerning the stability of nuclei is TRUE?

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters

The isotope $99 \mathrm {~m}$ 43 Tc decays to 99 43 Tc by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

The term LD₅₀represents which of the following?

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation? 16 7 N ? 16 8 O + $0$ $- 1$ e