Exam 12: Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Control processes include emotional regulation, selective attention, and metacognition.

Shelby spoke to her best friend using slang; when she turned to speak to her teacher, she used formal English. Shelby was demonstrating metacognition.

Nine-year-old Deon writes, "My brother is a pig." This statement demonstrates his understanding of _____.

Control processes improve solely as a function of age.

Siegler has studied the day-by-day details of children's cognition in math. He has found that children _____.

The ability to understand and use metaphors results from a level of cognitive development that is typically attained during middle childhood.

The memory system in which incoming stimuli are held for a split second is called _____ memory.

A school funded by tuition charges, endowments, and often religious or other nonprofit sponsors is a _____ school.

The memory system in which stimuli are held for a split second is called sensory memory.

Traditionally in the United States, most _____ schools were operated by the Catholic Church.

In most nations other than the United States, _____ make(s) decisions regarding public education.

Using concepts from the information-processing view of learning, list and explain the three major steps in the memory process.

When performance on individual TIMSS items was analyzed between countries, the results revealed that _____.

Everywhere in the world, children are taught to _____.

Holly is taking the PIRLS, which is the main international test of _____.

To retain information in working memory, individuals must merely be exposed to the information.

When capable of concrete operational thought, children _____.

Decades of research throughout the world have found a strong correlation between academic achievement and _____.

Teacher expectations for academic success among children are _____.

The PIRLS is the main international test of reading given to students.