Exam 13: Middle Childhood: Psychosocial Development

About two-thirds of school-age children live with their nuclear family.

Jenny was the only student in her class to get all of the questions right on the math test. She announced to the class, "I am perfect! I am better than everyone!" Given this display, which country is Jenny most likely from?

Accumulated stresses over time, including minor ones, are more devastating than an isolated major stress.

When one assesses one's abilities, achievements, social status, and other attributes by measuring them against one's peers, one is engaging in _____.

Social shunning by a ringleader or spreading a rumor about someone else to destroy peer acceptance are examples of _____ bullying.

Marissa and Jessica, sisters born two years apart, grew up in an impoverished, violent neighborhood. As adults, Marissa is chronically jobless and is addicted to drugs, while Jessica is a professor of economics at a community college. What might explain their different life outcomes?

Children's growing interest in moral issues is driven by _____.

In middle childhood, children tend to choose friends who share the same sex, race, and economic background.

When children act as parents and try to take care of everyone, it is called _____.

In childhood, the most important factor in whether a child will respond to a serious stressor with increased pathology and decreased academic achievement is_____.

A child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and will always continue to show resilience.

According to Kohlberg, _____ is what advances a person's morality.

The difference in the psychosocial development of preoperational children as compared to those in middle childhood is that _____.

What is the second level of moral reasoning in Kohlberg's theory?

Dimitri has been married before and has two biological children. He has just married Natasha, who has also been married before and has a biological son. Their family is an example of a _____.

In middle childhood, being accepted by the entire group is more important than having a close friend.

Family _____ refers to the legal and genetic connections among people living in the same household.

Define resilience and identify two factors in a child's life that can support resilience.

During middle childhood, children's moral reasoning is usually at the third level of Kohlberg's theory.

Unrealistically high self-esteem reduces _____, which is one's ability to deliberately modify impulses and emotions.