Question 1

Describe microevolution and its relationship to alleles.

Accepted Answer

Microevolution refers to the small-scale

Question 2

Evolution explains the diversity of life by using hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Discuss the significance of DNA comparisons and what it means to be genetically alike and different across species.

Accepted Answer

DNA comparisons are significant because

Question 4

Chance fluctuations of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population:

Accepted Answer

A) come about due to random events at the population level. 
B) illustrate the operation of polygenes. 
C) illustrate the phenomenon of incomplete dominance of the allele for normal hemoglobin. 
D) come about due to random events at the individual level. 
E) indicate that the species is endangered. 
A) come about due to random events at the population level. 
B) illustrate the operation of polygenes. 
C) illustrate the phenomenon of incomplete dominance of the allele for normal hemoglobin. 
D) come about due to random events at the individual level. 
E) indicate that the species is endangered.

Question 5

What evolutionary forces account for change in the genetic composition of populations? How have the changes affected populations over time?

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary forces that account for

Question 6

Describe the discovery of evolution as an historic account.What pre-conditions were in place when Darwin's theory emerged?

Accepted Answer

The discovery of evolution can be traced

Question 7

Why do characteristics controlled by multiple genes show a continuous range of variation in their phenotype expression?

Accepted Answer

Characteristics controlled by multiple g

Question 8

Distinguish between analogous and homologous structures.

Accepted Answer

Analogous structures and homologous stru

Question 9

What technique do anthropologists use to analyze genetic differences between humans and apes?

Accepted Answer

A) Comparative anatomy 
B) Mutational projection analysis 
C) DNA sequencing 
D) Evolutionary comparisons 
E) Linear evolution analysis 
A) Comparative anatomy 
B) Mutational projection analysis 
C) DNA sequencing 
D) Evolutionary comparisons 
E) Linear evolution analysis

Question 10

Certain traits have three or more allelic forms.One example of this is hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Why is mutation considered to be the ultimate source of evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

Mutation is considered to be the ultimat

Question 12

There are four evolutionary forces.Which of the following is not one of these?

Accepted Answer

A) Gene flow 
B) Genetic drift 
C) Mutation 
D) Translation 
E) Natural selection 
A) Gene flow 
B) Genetic drift 
C) Mutation 
D) Translation 
E) Natural selection

Question 13

What is the importance of knowing that humans,chimpanzees,and the banana share a remote common ancestry?

Accepted Answer

Understanding the common ancestry betwee

Question 14

What is the evolutionary value of studying clines?

Accepted Answer

A) It allows scientists to witness the development of a new species. 
B) It helps scientists understand the phenomenon of adaptation. 
C) It helps scientists understand mutation rates over time. 
D) It allows scientists to study gradual change over time. 
E) It is the only mechanisms for understanding how species become extinct. 
A) It allows scientists to witness the development of a new species. 
B) It helps scientists understand the phenomenon of adaptation. 
C) It helps scientists understand mutation rates over time. 
D) It allows scientists to study gradual change over time. 
E) It is the only mechanisms for understanding how species become extinct.

Question 15

Adaptation is best described as all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) a series of beneficial adjustments to the environment. 
B) not an active process but rather the outcome of natural selection. 
C) the way humans make beneficial adjustments to their environment through culture as well as biology. 
D) a result of gene flow and genetic drift. 
E) occurring through natural selection at the genetic level. 
A) a series of beneficial adjustments to the environment. 
B) not an active process but rather the outcome of natural selection. 
C) the way humans make beneficial adjustments to their environment through culture as well as biology. 
D) a result of gene flow and genetic drift. 
E) occurring through natural selection at the genetic level.

Question 16

The "paradox of the 98% genetic similarity with chimpanzees" is based on all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic evolution involves much more than simply sequencing the four bases of DNA. 
B) all multicellular life on Earth is related to each other. 
C) because of the limited number of possible sequences that exists,any random species will match at least 25% of the time. 
D) genetic comparison ignores qualitative differences. 
E) in statistical DNA comparison there is a larger margin of error between closer species. 
A) genetic evolution involves much more than simply sequencing the four bases of DNA. 
B) all multicellular life on Earth is related to each other. 
C) because of the limited number of possible sequences that exists,any random species will match at least 25% of the time. 
D) genetic comparison ignores qualitative differences. 
E) in statistical DNA comparison there is a larger margin of error between closer species.

Question 17

Describe the role of DNA and RNA in the process of translation.

Accepted Answer

DNA and RNA play crucial roles in the pr

Question 18

The molecular basis of a gene was not known until:

Accepted Answer

A) observed in a microscope by the Austrian monk,Gregor Mendel. 
B) deduced rather than observed by the naturalist,Charles Darwin. 
C) discovered during the 20th century when the electron microscope was invented. 
D) observed in the sex cells of eels by Sigmund Freud. 
E) deduced rather than observed by Gregor Mendel as a result of his experiments with garden peas. 
A) observed in a microscope by the Austrian monk,Gregor Mendel. 
B) deduced rather than observed by the naturalist,Charles Darwin. 
C) discovered during the 20th century when the electron microscope was invented. 
D) observed in the sex cells of eels by Sigmund Freud. 
E) deduced rather than observed by Gregor Mendel as a result of his experiments with garden peas.

Question 19

What are the elements of evolution illustrated in the unusually large size of a kiwi egg? Using this as an example,explain the process of evolution.

Accepted Answer

The unusually large size of a kiwi egg c

Question 20

When two species accumulate differences over time,gradually becoming ever more distinct,this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) cladogenesis. 
B) anagenesis. 
C) clinogenesis. 
D) parvogenesis. 
E) gene flow. 
A) cladogenesis. 
B) anagenesis. 
C) clinogenesis. 
D) parvogenesis. 
E) gene flow.

Exam 2: Biology, Genetics, and Evolution

Describe microevolution and its relationship to alleles.

Evolution explains the diversity of life by using hypotheses.

Discuss the significance of DNA comparisons and what it means to be genetically alike and different across species.

Chance fluctuations of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population:

What evolutionary forces account for change in the genetic composition of populations? How have the changes affected populations over time?

Describe the discovery of evolution as an historic account.What pre-conditions were in place when Darwin's theory emerged?

Why do characteristics controlled by multiple genes show a continuous range of variation in their phenotype expression?

Distinguish between analogous and homologous structures.

What technique do anthropologists use to analyze genetic differences between humans and apes?

Certain traits have three or more allelic forms.One example of this is hemoglobin.

Why is mutation considered to be the ultimate source of evolutionary change?

There are four evolutionary forces.Which of the following is not one of these?

What is the importance of knowing that humans,chimpanzees,and the banana share a remote common ancestry?

What is the evolutionary value of studying clines?

Adaptation is best described as all of the following except:

The "paradox of the 98% genetic similarity with chimpanzees" is based on all of the following except:

Describe the role of DNA and RNA in the process of translation.

The molecular basis of a gene was not known until:

What are the elements of evolution illustrated in the unusually large size of a kiwi egg? Using this as an example,explain the process of evolution.

When two species accumulate differences over time,gradually becoming ever more distinct,this is an example of:

The Essence of Anthropology

Living Primates

Primate Behavior

Field Methods in Archaeology and Paleoanthropology

From First Primates to First Bipeds

Origins of the Genus Homo

The Global Expansion of Homo Sapiens and Their Technology

The Neolithic Revolution: the Domestication of Plants and Animals

The Emergence of Cities and States

Modern Human Diversity: Race and Racism

Human Adaptation to a Changing World

Characteristics of Culture

Ethnographic Research: Its History, Methods, and Theories

Language and Communication

Social Identity, Personality, and Gender

Patterns of Subsistence

Economic Systems

Sex, Marriage, and Family

Kinship and Descent

Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest, and Social Status

Politics, Power, War, and Peace

Spirituality, Religion, and Shamanism

The Arts

Processes of Cultural Change

Global Challenges, Local Responses, and the Role of Anthropology

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