Question 1

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

Accepted Answer

A) they are autotrophic. 
B) cattle,like rabbits,re-ingest their feces. 
C) they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D) cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E) they have cellulose-digesting,mutualistic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs. 
A) they are autotrophic. 
B) cattle,like rabbits,re-ingest their feces. 
C) they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D) cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E) they have cellulose-digesting,mutualistic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs.

Question 2

What cells secrete the acidic components of stomach juices?

Accepted Answer

A) chief cells 
B) parietal cells 
C) mucous cells 
D) cells of the pancreas 
A) chief cells 
B) parietal cells 
C) mucous cells 
D) cells of the pancreas

Question 3

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

A) small intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pancreas. 
D) liver. 
E) mouth. 
A) small intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pancreas. 
D) liver. 
E) mouth.

Question 4

Suppose a herd of dairy cows is given an excess of antibiotics,which enter their stomachs.What biological process will the cows now have difficulty performing?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolyzing proteins 
B) producing urine 
C) chewing "cud" 
D) digesting cellulose 
A) hydrolyzing proteins 
B) producing urine 
C) chewing "cud" 
D) digesting cellulose

Question 5

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the bloodstream as

Accepted Answer

A) disaccharides. 
B) polymers. 
C) monomers. 
D) enzymes. 
E) peptides. 
A) disaccharides. 
B) polymers. 
C) monomers. 
D) enzymes. 
E) peptides.

Question 6

To maintain adequate nutrition,animals require dietary access to certain amino acids.An amino acid that is referred to as "nonessential" would be best described as one that

Accepted Answer

A) can be synthesized by the animal's body from other substances. 
B) is not used by the animal in biosynthesis. 
C) must be ingested in the diet. 
D) is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. 
A) can be synthesized by the animal's body from other substances. 
B) is not used by the animal in biosynthesis. 
C) must be ingested in the diet. 
D) is not readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 7

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet draws on its stored resources in which order?

Accepted Answer

A) fat,then glycogen,then protein 
B) glycogen,then protein,then fat 
C) liver glycogen,then muscle glycogen,then fat 
D) muscle glycogen,then fat,then liver glycogen 
E) fat,then protein,then glycogen 
A) fat,then glycogen,then protein 
B) glycogen,then protein,then fat 
C) liver glycogen,then muscle glycogen,then fat 
D) muscle glycogen,then fat,then liver glycogen 
E) fat,then protein,then glycogen

Question 8

The richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

Accepted Answer

A) fat in adipose tissue. 
B) glucose in the blood. 
C) protein in muscle cells. 
D) glycogen in muscle cells. 
E) calcium phosphate in bone. 
A) fat in adipose tissue. 
B) glucose in the blood. 
C) protein in muscle cells. 
D) glycogen in muscle cells. 
E) calcium phosphate in bone.

Question 9

Standard metabolic rate (SMR)and basal metabolic rate (BMR)are

Accepted Answer

A) used differently: SMR is measured during exercise,whereas BMR is measured at rest. 
B) used to compare metabolic rate between hibernating and non-hibernating states. 
C) both measured across a wide range of temperatures for a given species. 
D) both standard measurements of fat metabolism in mammals. 
E) both measured in animals experiencing a resting and fasting state. 
A) used differently: SMR is measured during exercise,whereas BMR is measured at rest. 
B) used to compare metabolic rate between hibernating and non-hibernating states. 
C) both measured across a wide range of temperatures for a given species. 
D) both standard measurements of fat metabolism in mammals. 
E) both measured in animals experiencing a resting and fasting state.

Question 10

Coprophagy,the nutrition-boosting ingestion of fecal material,is important for the nutritional balance of

Accepted Answer

A) ruminants such as cows. 
B) insects and arthropods. 
C) rabbits and rodents. 
D) squirrels and some rodents. 
E) very large animals,such as elephants. 
A) ruminants such as cows. 
B) insects and arthropods. 
C) rabbits and rodents. 
D) squirrels and some rodents. 
E) very large animals,such as elephants.

Question 11

The hydra is an example of an organism with a simple body plan that uses the same site for both digestion and nutrient distribution.What is the name of that site?

Accepted Answer

A) gastrovascular cavity 
B) mouth 
C) crop 
D) midgut 
E) anus 
A) gastrovascular cavity 
B) mouth 
C) crop 
D) midgut 
E) anus

Question 12

An enlarged cecum is typical of

Accepted Answer

A) rabbits,horses,and herbivorous bears. 
B) carnivorous animals. 
C) humans and other primates. 
D) tapeworms and other intestinal parasites. 
A) rabbits,horses,and herbivorous bears. 
B) carnivorous animals. 
C) humans and other primates. 
D) tapeworms and other intestinal parasites.

Question 13

What happens during peristalsis in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

A) Fat is emulsified in the small intestine. 
B) Rectal sphincters are voluntarily controlled to regulate defecation. 
C) Nutrients are transported to the liver through the hepatic portal vein. 
D) Smooth muscle contracts to move food along the alimentary canal. 
A) Fat is emulsified in the small intestine. 
B) Rectal sphincters are voluntarily controlled to regulate defecation. 
C) Nutrients are transported to the liver through the hepatic portal vein. 
D) Smooth muscle contracts to move food along the alimentary canal.

Question 14

Earthworms,grasshoppers,and birds all have a

Accepted Answer

A) gastric cecae. 
B) gizzard. 
C) crop. 
D) gastrovascular cavity. 
A) gastric cecae. 
B) gizzard. 
C) crop. 
D) gastrovascular cavity.

Question 15

Bile salts

Accepted Answer

A) are enzymes. 
B) are manufactured by the pancreas. 
C) emulsify fats in the duodenum. 
D) increase the efficiency of pepsin action. 
E) are normally an ingredient of gastric juice. 
A) are enzymes. 
B) are manufactured by the pancreas. 
C) emulsify fats in the duodenum. 
D) increase the efficiency of pepsin action. 
E) are normally an ingredient of gastric juice.

Exam 33: Animal Nutrition

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

What cells secrete the acidic components of stomach juices?

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the

Suppose a herd of dairy cows is given an excess of antibiotics,which enter their stomachs.What biological process will the cows now have difficulty performing?

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the bloodstream as

To maintain adequate nutrition,animals require dietary access to certain amino acids.An amino acid that is referred to as "nonessential" would be best described as one that

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet draws on its stored resources in which order?

The richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

Standard metabolic rate (SMR)and basal metabolic rate (BMR)are

Coprophagy,the nutrition-boosting ingestion of fecal material,is important for the nutritional balance of

The hydra is an example of an organism with a simple body plan that uses the same site for both digestion and nutrient distribution.What is the name of that site?

An enlarged cecum is typical of

What happens during peristalsis in the digestive system?

Earthworms,grasshoppers,and birds all have a

Bile salts

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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