Question 1

What does the human microbiome refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the collection of microorganisms living on and in a human 
B) the types of microorganisms found in a human's diet 
C) the amount of microorganisms living in the soil near a human's home 
D) the variety of microorganisms found in in the home of a human 
A) the collection of microorganisms living on and in a human 
B) the types of microorganisms found in a human's diet 
C) the amount of microorganisms living in the soil near a human's home 
D) the variety of microorganisms found in in the home of a human

Question 2

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because

Accepted Answer

A) only those animals use those nutrients. 
B) the nutrients are subunits of important polymers. 
C) they are required for animal diets,but these animals are not able to synthesize the nutrients. 
D) the nutrients are necessary coenzymes. 
E) only certain foods contain them. 
A) only those animals use those nutrients. 
B) the nutrients are subunits of important polymers. 
C) they are required for animal diets,but these animals are not able to synthesize the nutrients. 
D) the nutrients are necessary coenzymes. 
E) only certain foods contain them.

Question 3

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

Accepted Answer

A) processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes,whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B) fat absorption occurs in the stomach,whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C) carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested,whereas fats do not. 
D) most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system,whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood. 
A) processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes,whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B) fat absorption occurs in the stomach,whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C) carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested,whereas fats do not. 
D) most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system,whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood.

Question 4

In the process of intracellular digestion,what do you predict will happen if food vacuoles are unable to fuse with lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells will not be able to engulf solid food by pinocytosis. 
B) Cells will not be able to engulf liquid food by phagocytosis. 
C) The cells will not be able to utilize their hydrolytic enzymes. 
D) The food to be digested will not be able to come in contact with hydrolytic enzymes. 
A) Cells will not be able to engulf solid food by pinocytosis. 
B) Cells will not be able to engulf liquid food by phagocytosis. 
C) The cells will not be able to utilize their hydrolytic enzymes. 
D) The food to be digested will not be able to come in contact with hydrolytic enzymes.

Question 5

Imagine you are a biologist who is attempting to get an accurate measure of an animal's basal metabolic rate.The best time to measure the metabolic rate is when the animal

Accepted Answer

A) is resting and has not eaten its first meal of the day. 
B) is resting and has just completed its first meal of the day. 
C) has recently eaten a sugar-free meal. 
D) has not consumed any water for at least 48 hours. 
E) has just completed 30 minutes of vigorous exercise. 
A) is resting and has not eaten its first meal of the day. 
B) is resting and has just completed its first meal of the day. 
C) has recently eaten a sugar-free meal. 
D) has not consumed any water for at least 48 hours. 
E) has just completed 30 minutes of vigorous exercise.

Question 6

A main difference between organisms with simple body plans and those with complex body plans is that

Accepted Answer

A) animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with two openings,whereas organisms with complex body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening. 
B) animals with simple body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening,whereas organisms with complex body plans have digestive tubes with two openings. 
C) animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with specialized compartments,whereas animals with complex body plans do not. 
D) animals with simple body plans can ingest food while earlier meals are still being digested,whereas animals with complex body plans cannot. 
E) animals with simple body plans eliminate undigested food via an anus,whereas animals with complex body plans eliminate undigested food via a mouth. 
A) animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with two openings,whereas organisms with complex body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening. 
B) animals with simple body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening,whereas organisms with complex body plans have digestive tubes with two openings. 
C) animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with specialized compartments,whereas animals with complex body plans do not. 
D) animals with simple body plans can ingest food while earlier meals are still being digested,whereas animals with complex body plans cannot. 
E) animals with simple body plans eliminate undigested food via an anus,whereas animals with complex body plans eliminate undigested food via a mouth.

Question 7

-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure.The agent(s)that help emulsify fats are produced in location

Accepted Answer

A) 1. 
B) 2. 
C) 3. 
D) 8. 
E) 9. 
A) 1. 
B) 2. 
C) 3. 
D) 8. 
E) 9.

Question 8

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Accepted Answer

A) large intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pharynx. 
D) rectum. 
A) large intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pharynx. 
D) rectum.

Question 9

Stomach cells are moderately well adapted to the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach by having

Accepted Answer

A) a thriving colony of H.pylori. 
B) a thick,mucous secretion and active mitosis of epithelial cells. 
C) a high level of secretion by chief cells. 
D) a high level of secretion from parietal cells. 
E) secretions that enter the stomach from the pancreas. 
A) a thriving colony of H.pylori. 
B) a thick,mucous secretion and active mitosis of epithelial cells. 
C) a high level of secretion by chief cells. 
D) a high level of secretion from parietal cells. 
E) secretions that enter the stomach from the pancreas.

Question 10

A hiatal hernia that disrupts the functional relationship between the smooth muscle in the esophagus and that in the stomach would be most likely to increase the frequency of

Accepted Answer

A) gastric reflux. 
B) premature entry of food into the duodenum. 
C) excess secretion of pepsinogen. 
D) increased stomach pH. 
E) retention of food in the stomach. 
A) gastric reflux. 
B) premature entry of food into the duodenum. 
C) excess secretion of pepsinogen. 
D) increased stomach pH. 
E) retention of food in the stomach.

Question 11

Salivary amylase digests

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) starches. 
C) monosaccharides. 
D) glucose. 
A) protein. 
B) starches. 
C) monosaccharides. 
D) glucose.

Question 12

Vitamins A,D,E,and K can be grouped together because they share a common property.What is this property?

Accepted Answer

A) They all mix easily in water. 
B) They are all fat soluble. 
C) They are all nonessential. 
D) They all are important for proper eye health. 
A) They all mix easily in water. 
B) They are all fat soluble. 
C) They are all nonessential. 
D) They all are important for proper eye health.

Question 13

-Examine the teeth of this organism.What type of organism is it?

Accepted Answer

A) carnivore 
B) herbivore 
C) omnivore 
A) carnivore 
B) herbivore 
C) omnivore

Question 14

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch,which stored fuel would you probably tap?

Accepted Answer

A) muscle proteins 
B) muscle and liver glycogen 
C) fat in the liver 
D) fat in adipose tissue 
A) muscle proteins 
B) muscle and liver glycogen 
C) fat in the liver 
D) fat in adipose tissue

Question 15

-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure.Most of the digestion of fats occurs in location(s)

Accepted Answer

A) 3 only. 
B) only. 
C) 1 and 4 only. 
D) 3 and only. 
E) 1,3,and 4 only. 
A) 3 only. 
B) only. 
C) 1 and 4 only. 
D) 3 and only. 
E) 1,3,and 4 only.

Question 16

What is the correct order of structures that a piece of food would encounter as it travels through the alimentary canal of a bald eagle?

Accepted Answer

A) mouth,esophagus,crop,stomach,gizzard,intestine,anus 
B) mouth,esophagus,crop,stomach,intestine,gizzard,anus 
C) mouth,esophagus,stomach,crop,gizzard,intestine,anus 
D) mouth,esophagus,crop,gizzard,stomach,intestine,anus 
A) mouth,esophagus,crop,stomach,gizzard,intestine,anus 
B) mouth,esophagus,crop,stomach,intestine,gizzard,anus 
C) mouth,esophagus,stomach,crop,gizzard,intestine,anus 
D) mouth,esophagus,crop,gizzard,stomach,intestine,anus

Question 17

The small intestine has a very large surface area that directly facilitates high rates of

Accepted Answer

A) digestion. 
B) absorption. 
C) elimination. 
D) filtration. 
A) digestion. 
B) absorption. 
C) elimination. 
D) filtration.

Question 18

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body,a process known as

Accepted Answer

A) ingestion. 
B) digestion. 
C) absorption. 
D) elimination. 
A) ingestion. 
B) digestion. 
C) absorption. 
D) elimination.

Question 19

Which enzyme has high activity in acidic environments?

Accepted Answer

A) amylase 
B) pepsin 
C) gastrin 
D) trypsin 
E) sucrose 
A) amylase 
B) pepsin 
C) gastrin 
D) trypsin 
E) sucrose

Question 20

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit from storing chemical energy as

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) fats. 
A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) carbohydrates. 
D) fats.

Exam 33: Animal Nutrition

What does the human microbiome refer to?

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

In the process of intracellular digestion,what do you predict will happen if food vacuoles are unable to fuse with lysosomes?

Imagine you are a biologist who is attempting to get an accurate measure of an animal's basal metabolic rate.The best time to measure the metabolic rate is when the animal

A main difference between organisms with simple body plans and those with complex body plans is that

-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure.The agent(s)that help emulsify fats are produced in location

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Stomach cells are moderately well adapted to the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach by having

A hiatal hernia that disrupts the functional relationship between the smooth muscle in the esophagus and that in the stomach would be most likely to increase the frequency of

Salivary amylase digests

Vitamins A,D,E,and K can be grouped together because they share a common property.What is this property?

-Examine the teeth of this organism.What type of organism is it?

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch,which stored fuel would you probably tap?

-Examine the digestive system structures in the figure.Most of the digestion of fats occurs in location(s)

What is the correct order of structures that a piece of food would encounter as it travels through the alimentary canal of a bald eagle?

The small intestine has a very large surface area that directly facilitates high rates of

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body,a process known as

Which enzyme has high activity in acidic environments?

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit from storing chemical energy as

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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