Question 1

Describe the general immigration trends of the period. What forms did the nativist response to this immigration take?

Accepted Answer

During the period of increased immigration, there were several general trends that emerged. One trend was the large influx of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, as well as from Asia and Mexico. These immigrants were often seeking economic opportunities and fleeing political unrest in their home countries. Another trend was the growth of urban areas as immigrants settled in cities such as New York, Chicago, and San Francisco.

In response to this immigration, nativist sentiments and movements emerged. Nativists were primarily concerned with preserving the dominance of the white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant population in the United States. They believed that the influx of immigrants threatened American culture and society. Nativist responses took various forms, including the establishment of anti-immigrant political parties, such as the Know-Nothing Party in the 1850s and the American Protective Association in the late 19th century. Nativists also advocated for restrictive immigration laws, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the Immigration Act of 1924, which imposed quotas on immigration from certain countries.

Additionally, nativist sentiments led to discrimination and violence against immigrants, particularly those from non-Western European backgrounds. Immigrants were often subjected to prejudice, exclusion from certain jobs and neighborhoods, and even physical attacks. Overall, the nativist response to immigration during this period took the form of political movements, discriminatory laws, and social hostility towards immigrants.

Question 2

Trains could operate year-round, whereas canals shut down for winter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

By 1860, what had become the largest city, as its population surpassed 1 million?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boston 
B)  Philadelphia 
C)  Baltimore 
D)  New Orleans 
E)  New York 
A)  Boston 
B)  Philadelphia 
C)  Baltimore 
D)  New Orleans 
E)  New York E

Question 4

What was a result of the increase in jobs in mills and factories?

Accepted Answer

A)  The North and South maintained the same political alliances as one another. 
B)  Americans left towns and cities for the countryside in droves. 
C)  Social values managed to stay consistent with those before the rise of an industrial economy. 
D)  An urban middle class developed. 
E)  The cotton economy suffered and was outsourced mainly to Europe. 
A)  The North and South maintained the same political alliances as one another. 
B)  Americans left towns and cities for the countryside in droves. 
C)  Social values managed to stay consistent with those before the rise of an industrial economy. 
D)  An urban middle class developed. 
E)  The cotton economy suffered and was outsourced mainly to Europe.

Question 5

Early labor organizations were popular with which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  skilled craftsman 
B)  mill owners 
C)  investors 
D)  clergy 
E)  politicians 
A)  skilled craftsman 
B)  mill owners 
C)  investors 
D)  clergy 
E)  politicians

Question 6

Chinese immigrants to the United States in the nineteenth century often did the heavy work of construction projects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

One striking aspect of the Lowell factories was

Accepted Answer

A)  their ability to prevent the occurrence of strikes. 
B)  their employment of young single women. 
C)  their undemanding working hours. 
D)  their minimal impact on natural surroundings. 
E)  the fact that they paid workers in stocks. 
A)  their ability to prevent the occurrence of strikes. 
B)  their employment of young single women. 
C)  their undemanding working hours. 
D)  their minimal impact on natural surroundings. 
E)  the fact that they paid workers in stocks.

Question 8

Because they, too, had suffered discrimination, Irish immigrants tended to be sympathetic to blacks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following was a result of the invention of the cotton gin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It meant that fewer slaves were needed. 
B)  It made cotton a major export item. 
C)  It spurred immigration to the South. 
D)  It caused slavery to spread to Ohio and Illinois. 
E)  It increased imports from Britain. 
A)  It meant that fewer slaves were needed. 
B)  It made cotton a major export item. 
C)  It spurred immigration to the South. 
D)  It caused slavery to spread to Ohio and Illinois. 
E)  It increased imports from Britain.

Question 10

Match each description with the item below.
-Heinrich Steinweg

Accepted Answer

A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite 
A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite

Question 11

Match each description with the item below.
-Elias Howe

Accepted Answer

A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite 
A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite

Question 12

By the 1850s, a communications revolution had been triggered by the development of the

Accepted Answer

A)  telephone. 
B)  telegraph. 
C)  Pony Express. 
D)  railroad. 
E)  post office. 
A)  telephone. 
B)  telegraph. 
C)  Pony Express. 
D)  railroad. 
E)  post office.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the Know-Nothing party is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was strongest in the 1850s. 
B)  It was weakest in New England. 
C)  It was based on prejudice against blacks. 
D)  It opposed the spread of public education. 
E)  It elected two presidents in its brief history. 
A)  It was strongest in the 1850s. 
B)  It was weakest in New England. 
C)  It was based on prejudice against blacks. 
D)  It opposed the spread of public education. 
E)  It elected two presidents in its brief history.

Question 14

The MOST popular form of indoor entertainment in the first half of the nineteenth century was

Accepted Answer

A)  theater. 
B)  cockfighting. 
C)  prizefighting. 
D)  dog fighting. 
E)  ballet. 
A)  theater. 
B)  cockfighting. 
C)  prizefighting. 
D)  dog fighting. 
E)  ballet.

Question 15

Match each description with the item below.
-Levi Strauss

Accepted Answer

A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite 
A) invented the telegraph 
B) invented the sewing machine 
C) with Boston Associates, formed the Boston Manufacturing Company 
D) earned a medical degree, a first of its kind 
E) was a piano maker and immigrant
F)helped found schools to train teachers and promoted the idea of free public education
G)was the first clipper ship
H)improved the steel plow, thereby making it possible to farm the Great Plains
I)was the first commercial steamboat, built by Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton
J)was a Jewish tailor who made work pants during the gold rush and would become the origin story of a major brand
K)was a famous composer whose song "Oh! Susanna" emerged as a national favorite

Question 16

During the first half of the nineteenth century, professionalization increased with the development of education, law, medicine, and engineering. Examine this development.

Accepted Answer

During the first half of the nineteenth

Question 17

In which of the following ways was Cyrus McCormick's grain reaper significant?

Accepted Answer

A)  It transformed the economy of the South. 
B)  It required farmers to rely more on muscle power than ever before. 
C)  It was powered by gasoline engines rather than horses. 
D)  It helped bring mechanical power to the Midwest, Old Northwest, and Great Plains. 
E)  It had to be assembled by farmers. 
A)  It transformed the economy of the South. 
B)  It required farmers to rely more on muscle power than ever before. 
C)  It was powered by gasoline engines rather than horses. 
D)  It helped bring mechanical power to the Midwest, Old Northwest, and Great Plains. 
E)  It had to be assembled by farmers.

Question 18

The first American factories produced

Accepted Answer

A)  cotton textiles. 
B)  leather goods. 
C)  tobacco products. 
D)  glass products. 
E)  muskets. 
A)  cotton textiles. 
B)  leather goods. 
C)  tobacco products. 
D)  glass products. 
E)  muskets.

Question 19

The German migration to the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  included few educated professionals or skilled workers. 
B)  peaked in 1831 before falling rapidly. 
C)  was in most respects similar to that of the Irish. 
D)  was sometimes temporary, as a significant percentage of Germans returned to their native land. 
E)  provoked race riots in several cities. 
A)  included few educated professionals or skilled workers. 
B)  peaked in 1831 before falling rapidly. 
C)  was in most respects similar to that of the Irish. 
D)  was sometimes temporary, as a significant percentage of Germans returned to their native land. 
E)  provoked race riots in several cities.

Question 20

In 1817, Senator John C. Calhoun refused to believe that canals would benefit the growth of the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: The Emergence of a Market Economy

Describe the general immigration trends of the period. What forms did the nativist response to this immigration take?

Trains could operate year-round, whereas canals shut down for winter.

By 1860, what had become the largest city, as its population surpassed 1 million?

What was a result of the increase in jobs in mills and factories?

Early labor organizations were popular with which of the following groups?

Chinese immigrants to the United States in the nineteenth century often did the heavy work of construction projects.

One striking aspect of the Lowell factories was

Because they, too, had suffered discrimination, Irish immigrants tended to be sympathetic to blacks.

Which of the following was a result of the invention of the cotton gin?

Match each description with the item below. -Heinrich Steinweg

Match each description with the item below. -Elias Howe

By the 1850s, a communications revolution had been triggered by the development of the

Which of the following statements about the Know-Nothing party is correct?

The MOST popular form of indoor entertainment in the first half of the nineteenth century was

Match each description with the item below. -Levi Strauss

During the first half of the nineteenth century, professionalization increased with the development of education, law, medicine, and engineering. Examine this development.

In which of the following ways was Cyrus McCormick's grain reaper significant?

The first American factories produced

The German migration to the United States

In 1817, Senator John C. Calhoun refused to believe that canals would benefit the growth of the United States.

The Collision of Cultures

Englands Colonies

Colonial Ways of Life

From Colonies to States

The American Revolution

Strengthening the New Nation

The Early Republic

Nationalism and Sectionalism

The Jacksonian Era

The South

Religion

Western Expansion

The Gathering Storm

The War of the Union

The Era of Reconstruction

Business and Labor in the Industrial Era

The New South and the New West

Political Stalemate and Rural Revolt

Seizing an American Empire

The Progressive Era

America and the Great War

A Clash of Cultures

The Reactionary Twenties

The Great Depression

The Second World War

The Cold War and the Fair Deal

Cold War America

A New Frontier and a Great Society

Rebellion and Reaction

Conservative Revival

Twenty-First Century America

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