Question 1

What did George H. W. Bush's goal or approach as president seem to be?

Accepted Answer

A)  to pursue his own ambitious legislative agenda 
B)  to develop the Strategic Defense Initiative 
C)  to consolidate Reagan's policies and achievements 
D)  to be a less "hands-on" president than Reagan 
E)  to conserve natural resources and raise taxes 
A)  to pursue his own ambitious legislative agenda 
B)  to develop the Strategic Defense Initiative 
C)  to consolidate Reagan's policies and achievements 
D)  to be a less "hands-on" president than Reagan 
E)  to conserve natural resources and raise taxes C

Question 2

What events triggered the end of the cold war and the Soviet Union, and why? What role did Reagan and Gorbachev each play?

Accepted Answer

The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union were triggered by a combination of internal and external factors. Internally, the Soviet Union was facing economic stagnation, political unrest, and a growing desire for independence among its satellite states. Externally, the policies of the United States, under the leadership of President Ronald Reagan, and the rise of reform-minded leaders in the Soviet Union, such as Mikhail Gorbachev, played a significant role in bringing about the end of the Cold War.

Ronald Reagan's presidency saw a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy towards the Soviet Union. His administration pursued a policy of military buildup, economic pressure, and support for anti-communist movements around the world. This approach, often referred to as the Reagan Doctrine, put significant strain on the Soviet economy and military capabilities, contributing to the internal pressures facing the Soviet Union.

Mikhail Gorbachev, who became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985, introduced a series of reforms aimed at modernizing the Soviet economy and political system. His policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) aimed to bring about greater transparency and efficiency within the Soviet system. However, these reforms also led to increased political and social unrest, as well as demands for greater autonomy from the Soviet republics.

The combination of Reagan's pressure on the Soviet Union and Gorbachev's internal reforms ultimately led to the unraveling of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. The Soviet Union's inability to keep up with the U.S. in terms of military and economic power, combined with the internal pressures for reform and independence, led to the eventual dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.

In conclusion, the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union were triggered by a combination of internal and external factors, including Reagan's policies of pressure and support for anti-communist movements, and Gorbachev's reforms aimed at modernizing the Soviet system. Both leaders played crucial roles in bringing about the end of the Cold War and the transformation of the global political landscape.

Question 3

Describe and illustrate the main features of Reaganomics.

Accepted Answer

Reaganomics, also known as supply-side economics, was the economic policy implemented by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s. The main features of Reaganomics included tax cuts, deregulation, and a focus on reducing government spending.

One of the key aspects of Reaganomics was the implementation of significant tax cuts, particularly for the wealthy and for businesses. The idea behind this was that by allowing individuals and businesses to keep more of their income, they would be incentivized to invest, spend, and create jobs, ultimately stimulating economic growth.

Deregulation was another important feature of Reaganomics. The administration sought to reduce government intervention in the economy by removing regulations that were seen as burdensome to businesses. This was intended to promote competition and innovation, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.

Additionally, Reaganomics emphasized the importance of reducing government spending, particularly on social welfare programs. The administration believed that by cutting government spending, they could reduce the size of the federal deficit and ultimately lower inflation.

Overall, Reaganomics was characterized by a belief in the power of free markets and a focus on reducing government intervention in the economy. While it was controversial at the time, with critics arguing that it disproportionately benefited the wealthy and led to increased income inequality, it also had a significant impact on shaping economic policy in the United States for years to come.

Question 4

Ronald Reagan was known as the "Great Communicator" due to his strength as a public speaker.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Reaganomics successfully decreased the federal budget deficit so that it was far lower than it had been during the presidencies of Reagan's predecessors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The Gulf War was triggered by Saddam Hussein's invasion of

Accepted Answer

A)  Saudi Arabia. 
B)  Iran. 
C)  Egypt. 
D)  Israel. 
E)  Kuwait. 
A)  Saudi Arabia. 
B)  Iran. 
C)  Egypt. 
D)  Israel. 
E)  Kuwait.

Question 7

Which of the following opposed Iraq in the Gulf War and launched Operation Desert Storm?

Accepted Answer

A)  a coalition of over thirty nations 
B)  the United States and Britain alone 
C)  an army composed of Arab soldiers 
D)  China and the Soviet Union 
E)  Israel and India 
A)  a coalition of over thirty nations 
B)  the United States and Britain alone 
C)  an army composed of Arab soldiers 
D)  China and the Soviet Union 
E)  Israel and India

Question 8

Describe the status of organized labor during the Reagan administration. What changes did unions experience in membership, and what trends were taking place in terms of the creation of jobs?

Accepted Answer

During the Reagan administration, organi

Question 9

The fall of the Berlin Wall was soon followed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Soviet military intervention in East Germany. 
B)  the threat of war in Central Europe. 
C)  the formal dissolution of NATO. 
D)  Germany's reunification. 
E)  the Communists constructing an even stronger one. 
A)  Soviet military intervention in East Germany. 
B)  the threat of war in Central Europe. 
C)  the formal dissolution of NATO. 
D)  Germany's reunification. 
E)  the Communists constructing an even stronger one.

Question 10

By the end of 1991, what was the state of the Soviet Union?

Accepted Answer

A)  It remained firmly under Communist control despite communism's collapse in Eastern Europe. 
B)  It had fallen apart, as most of its fifteen republics had proclaimed their independence. 
C)  It still had the largest nuclear arsenal and therefore remained the dominant military superpower. 
D)  It enjoyed a booming economy due to trade with the United States and its stable leadership. 
E)  It was torn by civil war, as Gorbachev led a group of military leaders to restore communism. 
A)  It remained firmly under Communist control despite communism's collapse in Eastern Europe. 
B)  It had fallen apart, as most of its fifteen republics had proclaimed their independence. 
C)  It still had the largest nuclear arsenal and therefore remained the dominant military superpower. 
D)  It enjoyed a booming economy due to trade with the United States and its stable leadership. 
E)  It was torn by civil war, as Gorbachev led a group of military leaders to restore communism.

Question 11

The biggest domestic problem facing the Bush administration was the national debt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match each description with the item below.
-Walter Mondale

Accepted Answer

A) was Ronald Reagan's budget director who proposed major reductions in federal spending 
B) was the youngest combat pilot to have flown in the U.S. military and was an oil executive in Texas 
C) was a televangelist and founder of the Moral Majority 
D) worked to fend off communism in the Screen Actor's Guild and was governor of California 
E) met with Ronald Reagan to discuss ways to reduce the threat of nuclear war
F)was a National Security Council aide and the main actor in the Iran-Contra affair
G)was a landmark appointee to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan
H)was a Texas billionaire who appealed to Americans who were fed up with the two major parties
I)made history as a vice-presidential candidate chosen by Walter Mondale
J)said, "[My opponent] will raise taxes, and so will I. He won't tell you. I just did." 
A) was Ronald Reagan's budget director who proposed major reductions in federal spending 
B) was the youngest combat pilot to have flown in the U.S. military and was an oil executive in Texas 
C) was a televangelist and founder of the Moral Majority 
D) worked to fend off communism in the Screen Actor's Guild and was governor of California 
E) met with Ronald Reagan to discuss ways to reduce the threat of nuclear war
F)was a National Security Council aide and the main actor in the Iran-Contra affair
G)was a landmark appointee to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan
H)was a Texas billionaire who appealed to Americans who were fed up with the two major parties
I)made history as a vice-presidential candidate chosen by Walter Mondale
J)said, "[My opponent] will raise taxes, and so will I. He won't tell you. I just did."

Question 13

What was among Carter's goals as president?

Accepted Answer

A)  to prove an incorruptible outsider who would increase government efficiency by eliminating waste and offering effective management 
B)  to raise taxes to unprecedented levels to enact a series of ambitious government jobs programs to repair the economy 
C)  to make the American people more dependent on oil so as to cultivate close relationships with leaders of oil-rich countries 
D)  to establish himself as an unbending leader by jailing those who had fled the country instead of serve in the Vietnam War 
E)  to work closely with Congress to increase "big-government" spending in the name of education and health care reforms 
A)  to prove an incorruptible outsider who would increase government efficiency by eliminating waste and offering effective management 
B)  to raise taxes to unprecedented levels to enact a series of ambitious government jobs programs to repair the economy 
C)  to make the American people more dependent on oil so as to cultivate close relationships with leaders of oil-rich countries 
D)  to establish himself as an unbending leader by jailing those who had fled the country instead of serve in the Vietnam War 
E)  to work closely with Congress to increase "big-government" spending in the name of education and health care reforms

Question 14

Democratic candidate Walter Mondale most seriously damaged his presidential prospects when he

Accepted Answer

A)  made public comments regarding the inability of women to make good political candidates. 
B)  promised to raise taxes to lower the federal budget deficit and said Reagan would as well. 
C)  described Reagan as a lunatic and a liar in a scathing speech that isolated millions. 
D)  appeared to be soft on communism in the way he described his approach to foreign policy. 
E)  ignored economic issues in favor of focusing solely on social issues of the time. 
A)  made public comments regarding the inability of women to make good political candidates. 
B)  promised to raise taxes to lower the federal budget deficit and said Reagan would as well. 
C)  described Reagan as a lunatic and a liar in a scathing speech that isolated millions. 
D)  appeared to be soft on communism in the way he described his approach to foreign policy. 
E)  ignored economic issues in favor of focusing solely on social issues of the time.

Question 15

Which of the following was true of Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative?

Accepted Answer

A)  It upheld treaties between the United States and the Soviet Union. 
B)  It forced the Soviets to spend extensively to keep pace. 
C)  It focused on destroying Soviet missiles solely before they left the ground. 
D)  It involved the United States building even more powerful nuclear weapons. 
E)  It went into operation in outer space and revitalized NASA. 
A)  It upheld treaties between the United States and the Soviet Union. 
B)  It forced the Soviets to spend extensively to keep pace. 
C)  It focused on destroying Soviet missiles solely before they left the ground. 
D)  It involved the United States building even more powerful nuclear weapons. 
E)  It went into operation in outer space and revitalized NASA.

Question 16

Discuss the status of the poor, the homeless, and the victims of AIDS during the 1980s. How did the government respond to the needs of each of these groups?

Accepted Answer

During the 1980s, the status of the poor

Question 17

What did Reagan accomplish as president that was likely to please his more conservative supporters at the time?

Accepted Answer

A)  He supported proposals to require comparable pay for jobs of comparable worth. 
B)  He appointed a number of conservative judges to the federal court system. 
C)  He slashed funding to entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare. 
D)  He reinstated prayer in public schools across the United States. 
E)  He passed the Equal Rights Amendment and increased funds for civil rights enforcement. 
A)  He supported proposals to require comparable pay for jobs of comparable worth. 
B)  He appointed a number of conservative judges to the federal court system. 
C)  He slashed funding to entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare. 
D)  He reinstated prayer in public schools across the United States. 
E)  He passed the Equal Rights Amendment and increased funds for civil rights enforcement.

Question 18

Match each description with the item below.
-Sandra Day O'Connor

Accepted Answer

A) was Ronald Reagan's budget director who proposed major reductions in federal spending 
B) was the youngest combat pilot to have flown in the U.S. military and was an oil executive in Texas 
C) was a televangelist and founder of the Moral Majority 
D) worked to fend off communism in the Screen Actor's Guild and was governor of California 
E) met with Ronald Reagan to discuss ways to reduce the threat of nuclear war
F)was a National Security Council aide and the main actor in the Iran-Contra affair
G)was a landmark appointee to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan
H)was a Texas billionaire who appealed to Americans who were fed up with the two major parties
I)made history as a vice-presidential candidate chosen by Walter Mondale
J)said, "[My opponent] will raise taxes, and so will I. He won't tell you. I just did." 
A) was Ronald Reagan's budget director who proposed major reductions in federal spending 
B) was the youngest combat pilot to have flown in the U.S. military and was an oil executive in Texas 
C) was a televangelist and founder of the Moral Majority 
D) worked to fend off communism in the Screen Actor's Guild and was governor of California 
E) met with Ronald Reagan to discuss ways to reduce the threat of nuclear war
F)was a National Security Council aide and the main actor in the Iran-Contra affair
G)was a landmark appointee to the Supreme Court by Ronald Reagan
H)was a Texas billionaire who appealed to Americans who were fed up with the two major parties
I)made history as a vice-presidential candidate chosen by Walter Mondale
J)said, "[My opponent] will raise taxes, and so will I. He won't tell you. I just did."

Question 19

Ronald Reagan practiced "the politics of symbolism," according to one scholar. Is this an accurate assessment of Reagan's presidential career?

Accepted Answer

Yes, the statement that Ronald Reagan pr

Question 20

Carter refused to push for addressing human rights issues abroad until he had tackled those in the United States itself.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 31: Conservative Revival

What did George H. W. Bush's goal or approach as president seem to be?

What events triggered the end of the cold war and the Soviet Union, and why? What role did Reagan and Gorbachev each play?

Describe and illustrate the main features of Reaganomics.

Ronald Reagan was known as the "Great Communicator" due to his strength as a public speaker.

Reaganomics successfully decreased the federal budget deficit so that it was far lower than it had been during the presidencies of Reagan's predecessors.

The Gulf War was triggered by Saddam Hussein's invasion of

Which of the following opposed Iraq in the Gulf War and launched Operation Desert Storm?

Describe the status of organized labor during the Reagan administration. What changes did unions experience in membership, and what trends were taking place in terms of the creation of jobs?

The fall of the Berlin Wall was soon followed by

By the end of 1991, what was the state of the Soviet Union?

The biggest domestic problem facing the Bush administration was the national debt.

Match each description with the item below. -Walter Mondale

What was among Carter's goals as president?

Democratic candidate Walter Mondale most seriously damaged his presidential prospects when he

Which of the following was true of Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative?

Discuss the status of the poor, the homeless, and the victims of AIDS during the 1980s. How did the government respond to the needs of each of these groups?

What did Reagan accomplish as president that was likely to please his more conservative supporters at the time?

Match each description with the item below. -Sandra Day O'Connor

Ronald Reagan practiced "the politics of symbolism," according to one scholar. Is this an accurate assessment of Reagan's presidential career?

Carter refused to push for addressing human rights issues abroad until he had tackled those in the United States itself.

The Collision of Cultures

Englands Colonies

Colonial Ways of Life

From Colonies to States

The American Revolution

Strengthening the New Nation

The Early Republic

The Emergence of a Market Economy

Nationalism and Sectionalism

The Jacksonian Era

The South

Religion

Western Expansion

The Gathering Storm

The War of the Union

The Era of Reconstruction

Business and Labor in the Industrial Era

The New South and the New West

Political Stalemate and Rural Revolt

Seizing an American Empire

The Progressive Era

America and the Great War

A Clash of Cultures

The Reactionary Twenties

The Great Depression

The Second World War

The Cold War and the Fair Deal

Cold War America

A New Frontier and a Great Society

Rebellion and Reaction

Twenty-First Century America

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