Question 1

Which one of these circumstances causes intrapleural pressure to exceed airway pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) normal quiet breathing 
B) maximal forced expiration 
C)  pneumothorax 
D)  pleural effusion 
A) normal quiet breathing 
B) maximal forced expiration 
C)  pneumothorax 
D)  pleural effusion

Question 2

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A) Alveoli are the sites of gas exchange in the lungs. 
B) Alveoli are very thin and are surrounded by a network of capillaries so that air and blood are separated by a very thin barrier. 
C)  Alveolar Type II cells secrete pulmonary surfactant. 
D)  Interdependence of alveoli refers to air flow between adjacent alveoli through the pores of Kohn. 
A) Alveoli are the sites of gas exchange in the lungs. 
B) Alveoli are very thin and are surrounded by a network of capillaries so that air and blood are separated by a very thin barrier. 
C)  Alveolar Type II cells secrete pulmonary surfactant. 
D)  Interdependence of alveoli refers to air flow between adjacent alveoli through the pores of Kohn.

Question 3

Match the types of hypoxia, labelled a. through d., with the circumstances. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.anaemic hypoxia
b.circulatory hypoxia
c.histotoxic hypoxia
d.hypoxic hypoxia
-high altitude

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the types of hypoxia, labelled a....

Question 4

The most profound changes in thoracic volume can be accomplished by contraction of the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most profound changes in thoracic volume...

Question 5

Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a. through m., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vital capacity
b.respiratory rate
c.FEVS1U1B11S1U1B0
d.tidal volume
e.residual volume
f.total lung capacity
g.functional residual capacity
h.alveolar ventilation
i.pulmonary ventilation
j.inspiratory reserve volume
k.expiratory reserve volume
l.inspiratory capacity
m.anatomic dead space volume
-volume of air entering or leaving the lungs in a single breath during quiet breathing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a....

Question 6

Emphysema can be brought on by recurrent episodes of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the primary form in which CO2 is transported in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) physically dissolved 
B) bound to haemoglobin 
C)  bound to plasma protein 
D)  as bicarbonate 
A) physically dissolved 
B) bound to haemoglobin 
C)  bound to plasma protein 
D)  as bicarbonate

Question 8

The quantity of O2 that will diffuse between the alveolar air and pulmonary blood depends solely on the partial pressure gradients that exist between the alveoli and the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a. through m., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vital capacity
b.respiratory rate
c.FEVS1U1B11S1U1B0
d.tidal volume
e.residual volume
f.total lung capacity
g.functional residual capacity
h.alveolar ventilation
i.pulmonary ventilation
j.inspiratory reserve volume
k.expiratory reserve volume
l.inspiratory capacity
m.anatomic dead space volume
-amount of air breathed in and out in one minute

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a....

Question 10

What is the primary regulator of the magnitude of ventilation in normal circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A) H+ concentration of the brain extracellular fluid, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors 
B) PO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors 
C)  PO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by peripheral chemoreceptors 
D)  PCO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors 
A) H+ concentration of the brain extracellular fluid, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors 
B) PO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors 
C)  PO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by peripheral chemoreceptors 
D)  PCO2 of the arterial blood, which is monitored by central chemoreceptors

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT contribute to keeping the alveoli open?

Accepted Answer

A) alveolar surface tension 
B) transmural pressure gradient 
C)  pulmonary surfactant 
D)  alveolar interdependence 
A) alveolar surface tension 
B) transmural pressure gradient 
C)  pulmonary surfactant 
D)  alveolar interdependence

Question 12

The alveolar wall is ____________________ [how many?] cell layer(s) thick. The wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is ____________________ cell [how many?] layer(s) thick.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The alveolar wall is ____________________ [how many?]...

Question 13

Pulmonary ventilation is another name for the mechanical act of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pulmonary ventilation is another name for the...

Question 14

During external respiration, the PCO2 is greater in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe pulmonary surfactant?

Accepted Answer

A) It is secreted by Type I alveolar cells. 
B) It decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli. 
C)  It resists elastic recoil of the lungs. 
D)  It is a lipoprotein. 
A) It is secreted by Type I alveolar cells. 
B) It decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli. 
C)  It resists elastic recoil of the lungs. 
D)  It is a lipoprotein.

Question 16

Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a. through m., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vital capacity
b.respiratory rate
c.FEVS1U1B11S1U1B0
d.tidal volume
e.residual volume
f.total lung capacity
g.functional residual capacity
h.alveolar ventilation
i.pulmonary ventilation
j.inspiratory reserve volume
k.expiratory reserve volume
l.inspiratory capacity
m.anatomic dead space volume
-respiratory rate × tidal volume

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a....

Question 17

If the concentration of carbon dioxide at sea level (760 mmHg) is 0.04 of 1.0 percent, the partial pressure of this gas is ____________________ mm of Hg.

Accepted Answer

Answer: 30

Question 18

All respiratory airways are held open by cartilaginous rings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What factor in the arterial blood has the largest effect on increasing the rate of respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrogen ion concentration in the kidney ECF increases. 
B) The partial pressure of oxygen generally drops to 90. 
C)  The partial pressure of carbon increases. 
D)  The hydrogen ion concentration in the ECF generally increases. 
A) The hydrogen ion concentration in the kidney ECF increases. 
B) The partial pressure of oxygen generally drops to 90. 
C)  The partial pressure of carbon increases. 
D)  The hydrogen ion concentration in the ECF generally increases.

Question 20

Respiration is reflexively inhibited by alkalosis caused by a reduction in concentration of non-carbon dioxide-generated H+, the result of which is accumulation of H+-generating carbon dioxide to restore the acid-base balance toward normal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which one of these circumstances causes intrapleural pressure to exceed airway pressure?

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe alveoli?

Match the types of hypoxia, labelled a. through d., with the circumstances. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.anaemic hypoxia b.circulatory hypoxia c.histotoxic hypoxia d.hypoxic hypoxia -high altitude

The most profound changes in thoracic volume can be accomplished by contraction of the ____________________.

Emphysema can be brought on by recurrent episodes of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis.

What is the primary form in which CO₂ is transported in the blood?

The quantity of O₂ that will diffuse between the alveolar air and pulmonary blood depends solely on the partial pressure gradients that exist between the alveoli and the blood.

What is the primary regulator of the magnitude of ventilation in normal circumstances?

Which of the following does NOT contribute to keeping the alveoli open?

The alveolar wall is [how many?] cell layer(s) thick. The wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is cell [how many?] layer(s) thick.

Pulmonary ventilation is another name for the mechanical act of ____________________.

During external respiration, the P_CO2 is greater in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe pulmonary surfactant?

If the concentration of carbon dioxide at sea level (760 mmHg) is 0.04 of 1.0 percent, the partial pressure of this gas is ____________________ mm of Hg.

All respiratory airways are held open by cartilaginous rings.

What factor in the arterial blood has the largest effect on increasing the rate of respiration?

Respiration is reflexively inhibited by alkalosis caused by a reduction in concentration of non-carbon dioxide-generated H⁺, the result of which is accumulation of H⁺-generating carbon dioxide to restore the acid-base balance toward normal.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Exam 11: The Blood

Which one of these circumstances causes intrapleural pressure to exceed airway pressure?

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe alveoli?

Match the types of hypoxia, labelled a. through d., with the circumstances. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.anaemic hypoxia b.circulatory hypoxia c.histotoxic hypoxia d.hypoxic hypoxia -high altitude

The most profound changes in thoracic volume can be accomplished by contraction of the ____________________.

Emphysema can be brought on by recurrent episodes of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis.

What is the primary form in which CO2 is transported in the blood?

The quantity of O2 that will diffuse between the alveolar air and pulmonary blood depends solely on the partial pressure gradients that exist between the alveoli and the blood.

What is the primary regulator of the magnitude of ventilation in normal circumstances?

Which of the following does NOT contribute to keeping the alveoli open?

The alveolar wall is ____________________ [how many?] cell layer(s) thick. The wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is ____________________ cell [how many?] layer(s) thick.

Pulmonary ventilation is another name for the mechanical act of ____________________.

During external respiration, the PCO2 is greater in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe pulmonary surfactant?

If the concentration of carbon dioxide at sea level (760 mmHg) is 0.04 of 1.0 percent, the partial pressure of this gas is ____________________ mm of Hg.

All respiratory airways are held open by cartilaginous rings.

What factor in the arterial blood has the largest effect on increasing the rate of respiration?

Respiration is reflexively inhibited by alkalosis caused by a reduction in concentration of non-carbon dioxide-generated H+, the result of which is accumulation of H+-generating carbon dioxide to restore the acid-base balance toward normal.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

What is the primary form in which CO₂ is transported in the blood?

The quantity of O₂ that will diffuse between the alveolar air and pulmonary blood depends solely on the partial pressure gradients that exist between the alveoli and the blood.

The alveolar wall is [how many?] cell layer(s) thick. The wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is cell [how many?] layer(s) thick.

During external respiration, the P_CO2 is greater in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli.

Respiration is reflexively inhibited by alkalosis caused by a reduction in concentration of non-carbon dioxide-generated H⁺, the result of which is accumulation of H⁺-generating carbon dioxide to restore the acid-base balance toward normal.