Question 1

Inspiration is always an active process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Alveolar partial pressures do not fluctuate to any extent between inspiration and expiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of these statements correctly describes expiratory neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) They are found in both the DRG and the VRG. 
B) They send impulses to the expiratory muscles during normal quiet breathing. 
C)  They are stimulated by the pneumotaxic centre. 
D)  They are stimulated by the inspiratory neurons, and in turn inhibit the inspiratory neurons. 
A) They are found in both the DRG and the VRG. 
B) They send impulses to the expiratory muscles during normal quiet breathing. 
C)  They are stimulated by the pneumotaxic centre. 
D)  They are stimulated by the inspiratory neurons, and in turn inhibit the inspiratory neurons.

Question 4

Respiration is accomplished entirely by the respiratory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

O2 is much more soluble in blood than CO2 is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT bring about increased airway resistance?

Accepted Answer

A) asthma 
B) epinephrine and norepinephrine 
C)  slow-reactive substance of anaphylaxis 
D)  emphysema 
A) asthma 
B) epinephrine and norepinephrine 
C)  slow-reactive substance of anaphylaxis 
D)  emphysema

Question 7

In the absence of pulmonary surfactant, smaller alveoli display a larger inward-directed pressure than do larger alveoli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Match the physiological factors, labelled a. through e., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.arterial PS1U1B1O2S1U1B0 between 60 to 100 mmHg
b.arterial PS1U1B1O2S1U1B0 less than 60 mmHg
c.arterial PS1U1B1CO2S1U1B0 increased above normal
d.brain ECF HS1U1P1+S1S1P0 increased above normal
e.arterial HS1U1P1+S1S1P0 increased above normal
-blood-borne factor that has no effect on the peripheral chemoreceptors

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the physiological factors, labelled a. through...

Question 9

The bronchioles are rigid, nonmuscular airways encircled by a series of cartilaginous rings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the last step that produces an inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) The atmospheric pressure becomes lower than the intrapleural pressure. 
B) The diaphragm contracts. 
C)  The intercostal muscles contract. 
D)  The intra-alveolar pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure. 
A) The atmospheric pressure becomes lower than the intrapleural pressure. 
B) The diaphragm contracts. 
C)  The intercostal muscles contract. 
D)  The intra-alveolar pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT happen during forceful expirations?

Accepted Answer

A) The accessory expiratory muscles contract. 
B) The external intercostals contract. 
C)  The abdominal muscles contract. 
D)  The diaphragm contracts. 
A) The accessory expiratory muscles contract. 
B) The external intercostals contract. 
C)  The abdominal muscles contract. 
D)  The diaphragm contracts.

Question 12

Deep and slow breaths usually result in the greatest alveolar ventilation rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Slow, deep breathing is more effective for increasing alveolar ventilation than is rapid, shallow breathing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

At the systemic capillaries, the PO2 is in the range of the steep portion of the O2-Hb curve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe the peripheral chemoreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A) They are stimulated whenever the arterial PO2 falls below normal. 
B) They are weakly stimulated by a rise in arterial PCO2. 
C)  They are stimulated by an increase in arterial H+, which plays an important role in acid-base balance. 
D)  They are located at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries and in the aortic arch. 
A) They are stimulated whenever the arterial PO2 falls below normal. 
B) They are weakly stimulated by a rise in arterial PCO2. 
C)  They are stimulated by an increase in arterial H+, which plays an important role in acid-base balance. 
D)  They are located at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries and in the aortic arch.

Question 16

Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a. through m., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vital capacity
b.respiratory rate
c.FEVS1U1B11S1U1B0
d.tidal volume
e.residual volume
f.total lung capacity
g.functional residual capacity
h.alveolar ventilation
i.pulmonary ventilation
j.inspiratory reserve volume
k.expiratory reserve volume
l.inspiratory capacity
m.anatomic dead space volume
-extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the tidal volume

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the lung volume/capacity terms, labelled a....

Question 17

A(n) ____________________ pressure across the chest wall influences lung movements.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ pressure across the chest wall...

Question 18

The maximum volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs in a single breath is known as the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maximum volume of air that can...

Question 19

Match the effects on the rate of gas transfer, labelled a. through c., with the changes listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.This change would increase the rate of gas transfer.
b.This change would decrease the rate of gas transfer.
c.This change would have no effect on the rate of gas transfer.
-the effect of increased metabolism of a cell on O2 and CO2 exchange between the cell and blood

Accepted Answer

Question 20

If 20 percent of the air is composed of O2, what is the partial pressure of oxygen at an altitude of 20000 feet where atmospheric pressure is 350 mmHg?

Accepted Answer

A) 20 mmHg 
B) 70 mmHg 
C)  152 mmHg 
D)  760 mmHg 
A) 20 mmHg 
B) 70 mmHg 
C)  152 mmHg 
D)  760 mmHg

Inspiration is always an active process.

Alveolar partial pressures do not fluctuate to any extent between inspiration and expiration.

Which of these statements correctly describes expiratory neurons?

Respiration is accomplished entirely by the respiratory system.

O₂ is much more soluble in blood than CO₂ is.

Which of the following does NOT bring about increased airway resistance?

In the absence of pulmonary surfactant, smaller alveoli display a larger inward-directed pressure than do larger alveoli.

The bronchioles are rigid, nonmuscular airways encircled by a series of cartilaginous rings.

What is the last step that produces an inspiration?

Which of the following does NOT happen during forceful expirations?

Deep and slow breaths usually result in the greatest alveolar ventilation rates.

Slow, deep breathing is more effective for increasing alveolar ventilation than is rapid, shallow breathing.

At the systemic capillaries, the P_O2 is in the range of the steep portion of the O_2-Hb curve.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe the peripheral chemoreceptors?

A(n) ____________________ pressure across the chest wall influences lung movements.

The maximum volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs in a single breath is known as the ____________________.

If 20 percent of the air is composed of O₂, what is the partial pressure of oxygen at an altitude of 20000 feet where atmospheric pressure is 350 mmHg?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Exam 11: The Blood

Inspiration is always an active process.

Alveolar partial pressures do not fluctuate to any extent between inspiration and expiration.

Which of these statements correctly describes expiratory neurons?

Respiration is accomplished entirely by the respiratory system.

O2 is much more soluble in blood than CO2 is.

Which of the following does NOT bring about increased airway resistance?

In the absence of pulmonary surfactant, smaller alveoli display a larger inward-directed pressure than do larger alveoli.

The bronchioles are rigid, nonmuscular airways encircled by a series of cartilaginous rings.

What is the last step that produces an inspiration?

Which of the following does NOT happen during forceful expirations?

Deep and slow breaths usually result in the greatest alveolar ventilation rates.

Slow, deep breathing is more effective for increasing alveolar ventilation than is rapid, shallow breathing.

At the systemic capillaries, the PO2 is in the range of the steep portion of the O2-Hb curve.

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe the peripheral chemoreceptors?

A(n) ____________________ pressure across the chest wall influences lung movements.

The maximum volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs in a single breath is known as the ____________________.

If 20 percent of the air is composed of O2, what is the partial pressure of oxygen at an altitude of 20000 feet where atmospheric pressure is 350 mmHg?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

O₂ is much more soluble in blood than CO₂ is.

At the systemic capillaries, the P_O2 is in the range of the steep portion of the O_2-Hb curve.

If 20 percent of the air is composed of O₂, what is the partial pressure of oxygen at an altitude of 20000 feet where atmospheric pressure is 350 mmHg?