Question 1

When the placenta is delivered,what event allows secretion of prolactin and milk production?

Accepted Answer

A) a surge of adrenaline and endorphins 
B) sudden drop in progesterone and estradiol 
C) gradual drop in oxytocin 
D) sudden rise in FSH and LH 
A) a surge of adrenaline and endorphins 
B) sudden drop in progesterone and estradiol 
C) gradual drop in oxytocin 
D) sudden rise in FSH and LH

Question 2

Which of the following are fetal membranes? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) chorion 
B) endometrium 
C) allantois 
D) amnion 
E) yolk sac 
A) chorion 
B) endometrium 
C) allantois 
D) amnion 
E) yolk sac

Question 3

Referring to the figure of sperm penetration and fusion,match the lettered description with the correct numbered step in the figure.
  
A. Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes.
B. Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida.
C. Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane.
D. Sperm penetrates the corona radiata.
E. The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F. Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

-Step II

Accepted Answer

A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate. 
A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

Question 4

Which are structures formed from the neural crest? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) a gill chamber of primitive chordates 
B) blastopores 
C) sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia 
D) Schwann cells 
E) olfactory and hearing organs 
A) a gill chamber of primitive chordates 
B) blastopores 
C) sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia 
D) Schwann cells 
E) olfactory and hearing organs

Question 5

What prevents menstruation from occurring in the 10th week when the corpus luteum regresses?

Accepted Answer

A) The follicle takes over secretion of hCG. 
B) The follicle takes over secretion of estradiol and progesterone. 
C) The placenta takes over secretion of estradiol and progesterone. 
D) The cervix takes over secretion of oxytocin and prostaglandins. 
A) The follicle takes over secretion of hCG. 
B) The follicle takes over secretion of estradiol and progesterone. 
C) The placenta takes over secretion of estradiol and progesterone. 
D) The cervix takes over secretion of oxytocin and prostaglandins.

Question 6

Referring to the figure of sperm penetration and fusion,match the lettered description with the correct numbered step in the figure.
  
A. Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes.
B. Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida.
C. Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane.
D. Sperm penetrates the corona radiata.
E. The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F. Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

-Step I

Accepted Answer

A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate. 
A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

Question 7

Working in an experimental fertility clinic,a researcher removes one cell from an 8-cell stage chimpanzee embryo.What is the likely result?

Accepted Answer

A) Both the cell and the blastula will die. 
B) All the cells are already committed and therefore are not viable. 
C) The embryo from which the cell was removed still remains viable and can form a normal chimp. 
A) Both the cell and the blastula will die. 
B) All the cells are already committed and therefore are not viable. 
C) The embryo from which the cell was removed still remains viable and can form a normal chimp.

Question 8

The placenta protects the developing fetus from harmful substances like alcohol or drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Neurulation occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) third trimester of pregnancy 
B) second month of pregnancy 
C) first month of pregnancy 
D) second trimester of pregnancy 
E) third month of pregnancy 
A) third trimester of pregnancy 
B) second month of pregnancy 
C) first month of pregnancy 
D) second trimester of pregnancy 
E) third month of pregnancy

Question 10

Which of the following is an accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Both diagrams show developmental sequences occurring in the same animal. 
B) Both diagrams show blastulae. 
C) Diagram II shows gastrulation in a bird. 
D) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a frog. 
E) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a mammal and diagram II shows gastrulation in a reptile. 
A) Both diagrams show developmental sequences occurring in the same animal. 
B) Both diagrams show blastulae. 
C) Diagram II shows gastrulation in a bird. 
D) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a frog. 
E) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a mammal and diagram II shows gastrulation in a reptile.

Question 11

New mothers may benefit from the aid of lactation consultants when learning to breastfeed.These consultants give advice on technique,and help the mother to feel relaxed and confident.What hormone is associated with calm,warm emotions and is also critical for the milk let-down reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) prolactin 
B) estradiol 
C) oxytocin 
D) mammotropin 
A) prolactin 
B) estradiol 
C) oxytocin 
D) mammotropin

Question 12

The hollow crater formed during gastrulation is known as

Accepted Answer

A) acrosome 
B) archenteron 
C) morula 
D) cleavage furrow 
E) trophoblast 
A) acrosome 
B) archenteron 
C) morula 
D) cleavage furrow 
E) trophoblast

Question 13

What developmental event was key to the evolution of the chordates,by forming the notochord and dorsal nerve cord?

Accepted Answer

A) morphogenesis 
B) organogenesis 
C) gastrulation 
D) neural crest formation 
E) neurulation 
A) morphogenesis 
B) organogenesis 
C) gastrulation 
D) neural crest formation 
E) neurulation

Question 14

What structure is formed from both fetal and maternal tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) chorion 
B) placenta 
C) yolk sac 
D) amnion 
A) chorion 
B) placenta 
C) yolk sac 
D) amnion

Question 15

What would result if too many cells left the surface of the embryo to move inside during gastruation?

Accepted Answer

A) Too little endoderm,resulting in missing gut and organs 
B) Too little ectoderm,resulting in missing nervous system or skin 
C) Problems in muscle development 
D) Too little protoderm,resulting in missing organs 
A) Too little endoderm,resulting in missing gut and organs 
B) Too little ectoderm,resulting in missing nervous system or skin 
C) Problems in muscle development 
D) Too little protoderm,resulting in missing organs

Question 16

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-The embryo is now called the fetus.

Accepted Answer

A) third trimester of pregnancy 
B) second month of pregnancy 
C) first month of pregnancy 
D) second trimester of pregnancy 
E) third month of pregnancy 
A) third trimester of pregnancy 
B) second month of pregnancy 
C) first month of pregnancy 
D) second trimester of pregnancy 
E) third month of pregnancy

Question 17

What is the main role of human chorionic gonadotropin?

Accepted Answer

A) It stimulates the release of oxytocin from the mother's pituitary. 
B) It allows the mother to realize she is pregnant,via pregnancy tests. 
C) It is similar to FSH in stimulating follicle development. 
D) It maintains the corpus luteum. 
A) It stimulates the release of oxytocin from the mother's pituitary. 
B) It allows the mother to realize she is pregnant,via pregnancy tests. 
C) It is similar to FSH in stimulating follicle development. 
D) It maintains the corpus luteum.

Question 18

Referring to the figure of sperm penetration and fusion,match the lettered description with the correct numbered step in the figure.
  
A. Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes.
B. Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida.
C. Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane.
D. Sperm penetrates the corona radiata.
E. The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F. Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

-Step IV

Accepted Answer

A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate. 
A) Some of the zona pellucida is degraded by acrosomal enzymes. 
B) Enzymes are released by cortical granules that harden the zona pellucida. 
C) Sperm and egg fuse at the plasma membrane. 
D) Sperm penetrates the corona radiata. 
E) The sperm nucleus dissociates and enters the cytoplasm.
F)Additional sperm can no longer penetrate.

Question 19

A couple conceives a child on January 1st.Which day falls within the period of somitogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) January 3 
B) January 7 
C) January 17 
D) January 31 
A) January 3 
B) January 7 
C) January 17 
D) January 31

Question 20

The snakes include some rather short and some incredibly long species,with a variation from about 100 to over 300 vertebrae.What developmental mechanism is the best candidate for changing the number of vertebrae in evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) Changes in genes that lay down extracellular matrix in bone 
B) Changes in genes necessary for neural crest development 
C) Changes in genes that control mitosis 
D) Changes in the somitogenesis clock 
A) Changes in genes that lay down extracellular matrix in bone 
B) Changes in genes necessary for neural crest development 
C) Changes in genes that control mitosis 
D) Changes in the somitogenesis clock

Exam 52: Animal Development

When the placenta is delivered,what event allows secretion of prolactin and milk production?

Which of the following are fetal membranes? (Check all that apply.)

Which are structures formed from the neural crest? (Check all that apply.)

What prevents menstruation from occurring in the 10th week when the corpus luteum regresses?

Working in an experimental fertility clinic,a researcher removes one cell from an 8-cell stage chimpanzee embryo.What is the likely result?

The placenta protects the developing fetus from harmful substances like alcohol or drugs.

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Neurulation occurs.

Which of the following is an accurate statement?

New mothers may benefit from the aid of lactation consultants when learning to breastfeed.These consultants give advice on technique,and help the mother to feel relaxed and confident.What hormone is associated with calm,warm emotions and is also critical for the milk let-down reflex?

The hollow crater formed during gastrulation is known as

What developmental event was key to the evolution of the chordates,by forming the notochord and dorsal nerve cord?

What structure is formed from both fetal and maternal tissue?

What would result if too many cells left the surface of the embryo to move inside during gastruation?

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -The embryo is now called the fetus.

What is the main role of human chorionic gonadotropin?

A couple conceives a child on January 1st.Which day falls within the period of somitogenesis?

The snakes include some rather short and some incredibly long species,with a variation from about 100 to over 300 vertebrae.What developmental mechanism is the best candidate for changing the number of vertebrae in evolution?

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