Exam 22: The Respiratory System

Which muscle is used for both quiet inspiration and forced expiration?

In bronchial asthma, inflammation-mediating chemicals stimulate ________, which means they cause contraction of the smooth muscle in the bronchi, decreasing their diameter.

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter that indicates the uvula.

The serous membrane lining of the wall of the thoracic cavity.

The soft ________ muscle of the trachea allows the esophagus to expand anteriorly during swallowing.

Describe the histological changes that occur in the walls of bronchial tree, beginning with the trachea and proceeding to the alveoli.

In emphysema, an increase in the size of the alveoli due to a breakdown in the alveolar walls causes a decrease in ________, reducing the ability for the lungs to exchange gasses.

How does pulmonary surfactant keep the alveoli open at all times?

What type of epithelium occurs in the respiratory mucosa?

Of the three different layers of tissue in the wall of the trachea, the outermost layer is the