Exam 22: The Respiratory System

Embryologically, the lower respiratory organs develop from the

Of the following, which is the only organ that is not an upper respiratory structure?

In a runner who is breathing heavily during a race, the rima glottidis is

The ________ cartilages are the posterior anchor of the vocal cords.

The vocal ligaments attach between the thyroid cartilage and the

The ________ is a groove inferior to the nasal conchae through which air passes.

The ________ flaps over the glottis when we swallow food.

Changes in the size of the thoracic cavity bring about inspiration and expiration.

Describe the effects of smoking on (a) alveolar structure, (b) cilia and alveolar macrophages, and (c) the bronchial epithelium.

Which structure is both a lower respiratory structure and in the conducting zone?

The function of type II alveolar cells is to produce ________.

The correct definition of bronchopulmonary segments is

The presence of a(n) -________ in its medial aspect is unique to the left lobe.

Vibrissae are

Which of the following puts the pathway air travels to the alveoli in the correct order?

The superior and middle nasal conchae are bony projections from the

When the diaphragm contracts, the size of the thoracic cavity ________, the pressure inside the thoracic cavity ________, and air flows ________ the lungs.

The paranasal sinuses

Explain the difference in muscles used for active inspiration and expiration.

Alveolar cells that allow rapid diffusion of respiratory gases.