Question 1

Compare and discuss the possible known causes of intellectual disabilities.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disabilities result from multiple causes, some known, many unknown (The ARC, 2011a). Possible known causes of intellectual disabilities include genetic conditions, problems during pregnancy, problems at birth, problems after birth, and poverty-related deprivation. Genetic conditions may result from genes inherited from parents, errors when genes combine, or from external factors, such as infections during pregnancy or overexposure to X-rays. Excessive maternal use of alcohol or drugs or exposure to certain environmental hazards, such as X-rays or insecticides, can damage the child. Temporary oxygen deprivation, abnormal labor and delivery, neonatal seizures, and head trauma at birth are examples of the types of problems during birth that can occur. Not vaccinating against childhood diseases and injuries can also cause brain damage. Children living in poverty are at higher risk for malnutrition, childhood diseases, and exposure to environmental health hazards, and often receive inadequate health care. Each of these factors increases the risk of intellectual disability.
Sociocultural causes may be attributed to both sociocultural and genetic factors. Biomedical causes are biological processes such as genetic disorders or nutrition. These include chromosomal abnormalities, metabolism and nutrition, and postnatal brain disease. Behavioral causes, such as dangerous activities or maternal substance abuse, can cause intellectual and other disabilities. Examples of behavioral causes are maternal infection or intoxication, and traumas or physical accidents. Lastly unknown prenatal influences such as anencephaly or hydrocephalus can result in severe disorders.

Question 2

syndrome is a rare genetic disease that occurs in about 1 in every 20,000 births and is characterized by an absence of genetic material on the seventh pair of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Williams 
B)  Down 
C)  Fragile X 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  Williams 
B)  Down 
C)  Fragile X 
D)  All of the answers are correct. A

Question 3

List and discuss three educational goals for adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Accepted Answer

1) Increase personal independence; 2) Enhance opportunity for community participation;
3) Prepare for employment; 4) Transition.

Question 4

Lack of vaccinations for childhood diseases such as whooping cough, chicken pox, measles, and Hib disease may lead to brain damage caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Microcephaly. 
B)  Anencephaly. 
C)  Encephalitis. 
D)  Hydrocephaly. 
A)  Microcephaly. 
B)  Anencephaly. 
C)  Encephalitis. 
D)  Hydrocephaly.

Question 5

In the AAIDD classification system, limited supports are characterized by consistency; time required may be limited but not intermittent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In the area of communication skills, it is most important for the individual with intellectual disabilities to develop

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal language skills before the age ten. 
B)  both verbal and manual communication skills. 
C)  some form of communication. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  verbal language skills before the age ten. 
B)  both verbal and manual communication skills. 
C)  some form of communication. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 7

Which classification system discussed in the text is determined by a clinician's impression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Severity of the condition 
B)  Educability expectation 
C)  Medical descriptors 
D)  Adaptive skill expectations 
A)  Severity of the condition 
B)  Educability expectation 
C)  Medical descriptors 
D)  Adaptive skill expectations

Question 8

Supports that are provided on an as-needed basis are

Accepted Answer

A)  intermittent. 
B)  limited. 
C)  intensive. 
D)  pervasive. 
A)  intermittent. 
B)  limited. 
C)  intensive. 
D)  pervasive.

Question 9

Cultural-familial intellectual disabilities may be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  a speculated lack of paternal love and support. 
B)  anoxia at birth. 
C)  sociocultural and genetic factors. 
D)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  a speculated lack of paternal love and support. 
B)  anoxia at birth. 
C)  sociocultural and genetic factors. 
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

The prevalence of intellectual disabilities worldwide and across all ages is estimated at what percentage?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 percent 
B)  6 percent 
C)  10 percent 
D)  22 percent 
A)  1 percent 
B)  6 percent 
C)  10 percent 
D)  22 percent

Question 11

What is the statistical average for an intelligence test?

Accepted Answer

A)  150 
B)  100 
C)  50 
D)  25 
A)  150 
B)  100 
C)  50 
D)  25

Question 12

Discuss the causes of intellectual disabilities.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disabilities result from mu

Question 13

Down syndrome is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  substance abuse. 
B)  chromosomal abnormality. 
C)  metabolic error. 
D)  infection. 
A)  substance abuse. 
B)  chromosomal abnormality. 
C)  metabolic error. 
D)  infection.

Question 14

If an individual scores at 95 to 100 or lower (two standard deviations below the norm), they meet the intelligence criteria for intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In recent years, the focus on educational placement for students with intellectual disabilities has been on

Accepted Answer

A)  special school settings. 
B)  general education settings. 
C)  home and hospital programs. 
D)  residential living and instructional settings. 
A)  special school settings. 
B)  general education settings. 
C)  home and hospital programs. 
D)  residential living and instructional settings.

Question 16

People with intellectual disabilities appear to develop efficient learning strategies, such as the ability to rehearse a task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

involve(s) the limited ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mental retardation 
B)  Emotional disorders 
C)  Intellectual disabilities 
D)  Behavior disorders 
A)  Mental retardation 
B)  Emotional disorders 
C)  Intellectual disabilities 
D)  Behavior disorders

Question 18

Approximately one in every infants are born with Down syndrome in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 
B)  1,000 
C)  3,000 
D)  700 
A)  200 
B)  1,000 
C)  3,000 
D)  700

Question 19

What is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fetal alcohol syndrome 
B)  Toxoplasmosis 
C)  Rubella 
D)  HIV 
A)  Fetal alcohol syndrome 
B)  Toxoplasmosis 
C)  Rubella 
D)  HIV

Question 20

Infant stimulation programs often focus on the acquisition of sensorimotor functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Compare and discuss the possible known causes of intellectual disabilities.

syndrome is a rare genetic disease that occurs in about 1 in every 20,000 births and is characterized by an absence of genetic material on the seventh pair of chromosomes.

List and discuss three educational goals for adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Lack of vaccinations for childhood diseases such as whooping cough, chicken pox, measles, and Hib disease may lead to brain damage caused by

In the AAIDD classification system, limited supports are characterized by consistency; time required may be limited but not intermittent.

In the area of communication skills, it is most important for the individual with intellectual disabilities to develop

Which classification system discussed in the text is determined by a clinician's impression?

Supports that are provided on an as-needed basis are

Cultural-familial intellectual disabilities may be attributed to

The prevalence of intellectual disabilities worldwide and across all ages is estimated at what percentage?

What is the statistical average for an intelligence test?

Discuss the causes of intellectual disabilities.

Down syndrome is caused by

If an individual scores at 95 to 100 or lower (two standard deviations below the norm), they meet the intelligence criteria for intellectual disability.

In recent years, the focus on educational placement for students with intellectual disabilities has been on

People with intellectual disabilities appear to develop efficient learning strategies, such as the ability to rehearse a task.

involve(s) the limited ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience.

Approximately one in every infants are born with Down syndrome in the United States.

What is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities in the United States?

Infant stimulation programs often focus on the acquisition of sensorimotor functions.

Understanding Exceptionalities in the 21st Century

Inclusion and Multidisciplinary Collaboration in the Early Childhood and Elementary School Years

Education for All

Secondary Education and Transition Planning

Cultural and Linguistic Diversity

Exceptionalities and Families

Learning Disabilities

Emotionalbehavioral Disorders

Communication Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Severe and Multiple Disabilities

Sensory Disabilities: Hearing and Vision Loss

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders

Gifted, Creative, and Talented

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Exam 9: Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Compare and discuss the possible known causes of intellectual disabilities.

syndrome is a rare genetic disease that occurs in about 1 in every 20,000 births and is characterized by an absence of genetic material on the seventh pair of chromosomes.

List and discuss three educational goals for adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Lack of vaccinations for childhood diseases such as whooping cough, chicken pox, measles, and Hib disease may lead to brain damage caused by

In the AAIDD classification system, limited supports are characterized by consistency; time required may be limited but not intermittent.

In the area of communication skills, it is most important for the individual with intellectual disabilities to develop

Which classification system discussed in the text is determined by a clinician's impression?

Supports that are provided on an as-needed basis are

Cultural-familial intellectual disabilities may be attributed to

The prevalence of intellectual disabilities worldwide and across all ages is estimated at what percentage?

What is the statistical average for an intelligence test?

Discuss the causes of intellectual disabilities.

Down syndrome is caused by

If an individual scores at 95 to 100 or lower (two standard deviations below the norm), they meet the intelligence criteria for intellectual disability.

In recent years, the focus on educational placement for students with intellectual disabilities has been on

People with intellectual disabilities appear to develop efficient learning strategies, such as the ability to rehearse a task.

involve(s) the limited ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience.

Approximately one in every infants are born with Down syndrome in the United States.

What is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities in the United States?

Infant stimulation programs often focus on the acquisition of sensorimotor functions.

Understanding Exceptionalities in the 21st Century

Inclusion and Multidisciplinary Collaboration in the Early Childhood and Elementary School Years

Education for All

Secondary Education and Transition Planning

Cultural and Linguistic Diversity

Exceptionalities and Families

Learning Disabilities

Emotionalbehavioral Disorders

Communication Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Severe and Multiple Disabilities

Sensory Disabilities: Hearing and Vision Loss

Physical Disabilities and Other Health Disorders

Gifted, Creative, and Talented

Filters