Question 1

Why are two children born to the same parents (not identical twins) unlikely to have the same genetic makeup?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crossing-over recombines portions of sister chromatids. 
B)  Fertilization provides a new pairing of chromosomes. 
C)  Each sperm or egg has a random assortment of chromosomes, half from each pair. 
D)  Chromosomes align themselves independently during meiosis I. 
E)  All of the answer choices lead to genetic differences among siblings. 
A)  Crossing-over recombines portions of sister chromatids. 
B)  Fertilization provides a new pairing of chromosomes. 
C)  Each sperm or egg has a random assortment of chromosomes, half from each pair. 
D)  Chromosomes align themselves independently during meiosis I. 
E)  All of the answer choices lead to genetic differences among siblings.

Question 2

During what stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  anaphase I 
C)  anaphase II 
D)  metaphase I 
E)  metaphase II 
A)  prophase 
B)  anaphase I 
C)  anaphase II 
D)  metaphase I 
E)  metaphase II

Question 3

Microtubules found in spindle fibers are capable of assembling and disassembling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The chromatids are held together at a region called the centromere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Proteins that promote the cell cycle and prevent apoptosis are encoded by

Accepted Answer

A)  proto-oncogenes. 
B)  caspase genes. 
C)  DNA repair genes. 
D)  tumor suppressor genes. 
E)  cyclin genes. 
A)  proto-oncogenes. 
B)  caspase genes. 
C)  DNA repair genes. 
D)  tumor suppressor genes. 
E)  cyclin genes.

Question 6

Which of the following are genetically identical?

Accepted Answer

A)  both members of a pair of chromosomes 
B)  sister chromatids 
C)  the mother's and the father's chromosomes 
D)  the mother's and her child's chromosomes 
E)  the father's and his child's chromosomes 
A)  both members of a pair of chromosomes 
B)  sister chromatids 
C)  the mother's and the father's chromosomes 
D)  the mother's and her child's chromosomes 
E)  the father's and his child's chromosomes

Question 7

You are looking at a cell under the microscope, and see what appears to be several "X" structures being pulled to each side of the cell. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  metaphase I 
D)  anaphase I 
E)  anaphase II 
A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  metaphase I 
D)  anaphase I 
E)  anaphase II

Question 8

Without considering the variation provided by crossing-over, how much will two siblings from one set of parents vary from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  All siblings from the same parents are identical to each other and demonstrate traits that are exactly halfway between their parents' traits. 
B)  Siblings receive 100% of one parent's genes or the other parent's genes so they will either be identical if they receive the same parent's genes, or nothing alike if they receive different parent's genes. 
C)  Siblings inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent and therefore vary widely from each other. 
D)  Siblings inherit copies of the same 23 pairs of chromosomes from each parent and only crossing-over provides any differences between siblings. 
E)  There is one chance in 23 of getting identical sets of chromosomes from one parent, times two because there are two parents; therefore, two siblings out of 46 will be identical except for the extent of crossing-over. 
A)  All siblings from the same parents are identical to each other and demonstrate traits that are exactly halfway between their parents' traits. 
B)  Siblings receive 100% of one parent's genes or the other parent's genes so they will either be identical if they receive the same parent's genes, or nothing alike if they receive different parent's genes. 
C)  Siblings inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent and therefore vary widely from each other. 
D)  Siblings inherit copies of the same 23 pairs of chromosomes from each parent and only crossing-over provides any differences between siblings. 
E)  There is one chance in 23 of getting identical sets of chromosomes from one parent, times two because there are two parents; therefore, two siblings out of 46 will be identical except for the extent of crossing-over.

Question 9

The overall cell cycle is dramatically different for animals than for plant cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which type of genes, when abnormally activated, can result in cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor suppressor genes 
B)  apoptosis initiator genes 
C)  proto-oncogenes 
D)  DNA repair protein genes 
E)  apoptosis executioner genes 
A)  tumor suppressor genes 
B)  apoptosis initiator genes 
C)  proto-oncogenes 
D)  DNA repair protein genes 
E)  apoptosis executioner genes

Question 11

Which of the following is true of the chromosomes in a cell undergoing mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are loosely compacted. 
B)  They are unavailable for RNA synthesis. 
C)  They no longer have histones bound to them. 
D)  They stay within the confines of the cell nucleus. 
E)  They are present in the haploid number. 
A)  They are loosely compacted. 
B)  They are unavailable for RNA synthesis. 
C)  They no longer have histones bound to them. 
D)  They stay within the confines of the cell nucleus. 
E)  They are present in the haploid number.

Question 12

During what stage do homologous chromosomes separate from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase 
B)  anaphase I 
C)  anaphase II 
D)  metaphase I 
E)  metaphase II 
A)  prophase 
B)  anaphase I 
C)  anaphase II 
D)  metaphase I 
E)  metaphase II

Question 13

How does cell division differ between animal and plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animal cells lack centrioles and no spindle forms during cell division. 
B)  Plant cells form a cleavage furrow or indentation of membrane between new daughter cells. 
C)  Plant cells use binary fission. 
D)  The cell plate is the final partitioning of plant cells. 
E)  There is no difference. Plant cells and animal cells undergo the same cellular processes during mitosis. 
A)  Animal cells lack centrioles and no spindle forms during cell division. 
B)  Plant cells form a cleavage furrow or indentation of membrane between new daughter cells. 
C)  Plant cells use binary fission. 
D)  The cell plate is the final partitioning of plant cells. 
E)  There is no difference. Plant cells and animal cells undergo the same cellular processes during mitosis.

Question 14

Indicate the portions of the cell cycle that contain checkpoints and what the checkpoint controls.

Accepted Answer

G₁ contains the first checkpoint. This on

Question 15

Chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers in order to move to and from the metaphase plate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

You are examining a cell under the microscope and see what appear to be four sister chromatids bound together and remnants of the nuclear envelope. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  metaphase I 
D)  metaphase II 
E)  telophase I 
A)  prophase I 
B)  prophase II 
C)  metaphase I 
D)  metaphase II 
E)  telophase I

Question 17

Homologous chromosomes are genetically identical to each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

List in order the stages of meiosis.

Accepted Answer

Interphase - prophase I - meta

Question 19

Which of the following events would be controlled by an external signal?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell division 
B)  prophase proceeding into metaphase 
C)  the chromosomes aligning at the equatorial plane before the cell begins anaphase 
D)  initiating S phase 
E)  All of the answer choices are controlled by an external signal. 
A)  cell division 
B)  prophase proceeding into metaphase 
C)  the chromosomes aligning at the equatorial plane before the cell begins anaphase 
D)  initiating S phase 
E)  All of the answer choices are controlled by an external signal.

Question 20

Which of the following correctly describes apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  cells flatten out 
B)  cells adhere more closely to their neighbors 
C)  nucleus fragments 
D)  plasma membrane becomes thicker and more dense 
E)  the cell divides into two daughter cells 
A)  cells flatten out 
B)  cells adhere more closely to their neighbors 
C)  nucleus fragments 
D)  plasma membrane becomes thicker and more dense 
E)  the cell divides into two daughter cells

Exam 5: Cell Division

Why are two children born to the same parents (not identical twins) unlikely to have the same genetic makeup?

During what stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

Microtubules found in spindle fibers are capable of assembling and disassembling.

The chromatids are held together at a region called the centromere.

Proteins that promote the cell cycle and prevent apoptosis are encoded by

Which of the following are genetically identical?

You are looking at a cell under the microscope, and see what appears to be several "X" structures being pulled to each side of the cell. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

Without considering the variation provided by crossing-over, how much will two siblings from one set of parents vary from each other?

The overall cell cycle is dramatically different for animals than for plant cells.

Which type of genes, when abnormally activated, can result in cancer?

Which of the following is true of the chromosomes in a cell undergoing mitosis?

During what stage do homologous chromosomes separate from each other?

How does cell division differ between animal and plant cells?

Indicate the portions of the cell cycle that contain checkpoints and what the checkpoint controls.

Chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers in order to move to and from the metaphase plate.

You are examining a cell under the microscope and see what appear to be four sister chromatids bound together and remnants of the nuclear envelope. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

Homologous chromosomes are genetically identical to each other.

List in order the stages of meiosis.

Which of the following events would be controlled by an external signal?

Which of the following correctly describes apoptosis?

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