Question 1

The negative correlation between poverty and health is likely caused by all of the following factors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced material possessions. 
B)  increased stress. 
C)  reduced health care. 
D)  unhealthy lifestyle. 
A)  reduced material possessions. 
B)  increased stress. 
C)  reduced health care. 
D)  unhealthy lifestyle.

Question 2

Which is NOT true about the process of therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychologists believe that social influence is an insignificant part of therapy. 
B)  Therapists begin with establishing credibility and trust. 
C)  A key component in therapy is helping clients think differently. 
D)  Change in therapy is best maintained when people attribute their improvement to internal rather than external factors. 
A)  Psychologists believe that social influence is an insignificant part of therapy. 
B)  Therapists begin with establishing credibility and trust. 
C)  A key component in therapy is helping clients think differently. 
D)  Change in therapy is best maintained when people attribute their improvement to internal rather than external factors.

Question 3

Given its prevalence, _____ is the common cold of psychological disorders and ____ is the headache.

Accepted Answer

A)  loneliness; depression 
B)  anxiety; shyness 
C)  shyness; anxiety 
D)  depression; loneliness 
A)  loneliness; depression 
B)  anxiety; shyness 
C)  shyness; anxiety 
D)  depression; loneliness

Question 4

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depressed moods do not cause negative thinking. 
B)  Negative thinking always causes major depression. 
C)  Depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments. 
D)  Depressed moods can cause negative thinking and vice versa. 
A)  Depressed moods do not cause negative thinking. 
B)  Negative thinking always causes major depression. 
C)  Depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments. 
D)  Depressed moods can cause negative thinking and vice versa.

Question 5

Identify a true statement about health risks and people with close relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  They are less likely to die prematurely than lonely people. 
B)  They are more likely to have less sleep than people who are lonely. 
C)  They are more likely to experience stress. 
D)  They are less likely to be satisfied with their personal health. 
A)  They are less likely to die prematurely than lonely people. 
B)  They are more likely to have less sleep than people who are lonely. 
C)  They are more likely to experience stress. 
D)  They are less likely to be satisfied with their personal health.

Question 6

Review the findings on the relationship between friendships and happiness.

Accepted Answer

Several studies have found a strong corr

Question 7

_____ techniques trigger the most dramatic and immediate behavior changes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social skills training 
B)  Explanatory style therapy 
C)  Coercive 
D)  Psychoanalytic 
A)  Social skills training 
B)  Explanatory style therapy 
C)  Coercive 
D)  Psychoanalytic

Question 8

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback specifically illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It's all my fault." 
B)  "It's going to last forever." 
C)  "The whole world is against me." 
D)  "It's going to affect everything I do." 
A)  "It's all my fault." 
B)  "It's going to last forever." 
C)  "The whole world is against me." 
D)  "It's going to affect everything I do."

Question 9

Peterson and Seligman (1987) analyzed the press quotes of baseball's Hall of Famers and found that those who routinely offered pessimistic explanations for bad events, like losing big games, were more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  earn lower salaries. 
B)  experience divorce. 
C)  play aggressively. 
D)  die at younger ages. 
A)  earn lower salaries. 
B)  experience divorce. 
C)  play aggressively. 
D)  die at younger ages.

Question 10

Rosenhan and his colleagues (1973) faked schizophrenic symptoms to infiltrate mental hospitals. Once they had been admitted and no longer complained of any fake symptoms,

Accepted Answer

A)  professional clinicians quickly distinguished them from the real patients and released them from the hospital. 
B)  the clinicians sought and found evidence in their histories and behavior to confirm their admitting diagnoses. 
C)  the pseudopatients were abandoned by the hospital's real patients. 
D)  the pseudopatients absorbed their "sick" roles and developed additional symptoms in the course of their treatment. 
A)  professional clinicians quickly distinguished them from the real patients and released them from the hospital. 
B)  the clinicians sought and found evidence in their histories and behavior to confirm their admitting diagnoses. 
C)  the pseudopatients were abandoned by the hospital's real patients. 
D)  the pseudopatients absorbed their "sick" roles and developed additional symptoms in the course of their treatment.

Question 11

In Rosenhan's study (1973), clinicians who dealt with pseudopatients who had faked symptoms to get into mental hospitals demonstrated the error of

Accepted Answer

A)  projection bias. 
B)  hindsight bias. 
C)  self-handicapping. 
D)  impact bias. 
A)  projection bias. 
B)  hindsight bias. 
C)  self-handicapping. 
D)  impact bias.

Question 12

The _____ style people use to explain bad events makes illness _____ likely.

Accepted Answer

A)  eccentric; less 
B)  pessimistic; more 
C)  pessimistic; less 
D)  optimistic; more 
A)  eccentric; less 
B)  pessimistic; more 
C)  pessimistic; less 
D)  optimistic; more

Question 13

Phyllis is depressed. Her explanatory style is LEAST likely to attribute her failure at getting a new job to a _____ cause.

Accepted Answer

A)  stable 
B)  global 
C)  specific 
D)  internal 
A)  stable 
B)  global 
C)  specific 
D)  internal

Question 14

According to Seligman (2002), near-epidemic levels of depression in America today, ironically, can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Accepted Answer

A)  "Everybody needs somebody sometime." 
B)  "You can make it on your own." 
C)  "You're nobody if nobody loves you." 
D)  "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die." 
A)  "Everybody needs somebody sometime." 
B)  "You can make it on your own." 
C)  "You're nobody if nobody loves you." 
D)  "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die."

Question 15

Rosenhan's famous study of diagnosis and treatment in mental hospitals indicated that

Accepted Answer

A)  tests of personality are inexact. 
B)  clinicians tended to reinterpret client information to confirm the diagnosis applied to that client. 
C)  statistical prediction was more accurate than clinical intuition. 
D)  early childhood trauma predicted onset of adult schizophrenia. 
A)  tests of personality are inexact. 
B)  clinicians tended to reinterpret client information to confirm the diagnosis applied to that client. 
C)  statistical prediction was more accurate than clinical intuition. 
D)  early childhood trauma predicted onset of adult schizophrenia.

Question 16

Which of the following is FALSE about women and illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women get sick more often than men. 
B)  Women take more prescription and nonprescription drugs than men. 
C)  Women report more symptoms than men. 
D)  Women visit doctors more often than men. 
A)  Women get sick more often than men. 
B)  Women take more prescription and nonprescription drugs than men. 
C)  Women report more symptoms than men. 
D)  Women visit doctors more often than men.

Question 17

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who specializes in the causes and control of stress-related illnesses. Dr. Jones is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  social 
B)  gestalt 
C)  forensic 
D)  health 
A)  social 
B)  gestalt 
C)  forensic 
D)  health

Question 18

Maria's therapist instructed her to monitor her attributions for successes and failures. Maria is probably participating in

Accepted Answer

A)  rescue style therapy. 
B)  explanatory style therapy. 
C)  salvage therapy. 
D)  group therapy. 
A)  rescue style therapy. 
B)  explanatory style therapy. 
C)  salvage therapy. 
D)  group therapy.

Question 19

Researchers suggests that we can avoid self-confirming diagnoses by

Accepted Answer

A)  looking for illusory correlations. 
B)  carefully monitoring the information that is consistent with our ideas. 
C)  considering opposing ideas and then testing them. 
D)  confirming our intuitions. 
A)  looking for illusory correlations. 
B)  carefully monitoring the information that is consistent with our ideas. 
C)  considering opposing ideas and then testing them. 
D)  confirming our intuitions.

Question 20

The study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological difficulties is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental psychology. 
B)  comparative psychology. 
C)  biopsychology. 
D)  clinical psychology. 
A)  developmental psychology. 
B)  comparative psychology. 
C)  biopsychology. 
D)  clinical psychology.

The negative correlation between poverty and health is likely caused by all of the following factors EXCEPT

Which is NOT true about the process of therapy?

Given its prevalence, _ is the common cold of psychological disorders and is the headache.

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Identify a true statement about health risks and people with close relationships.

Review the findings on the relationship between friendships and happiness.

_____ techniques trigger the most dramatic and immediate behavior changes.

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback specifically illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Peterson and Seligman (1987) analyzed the press quotes of baseball's Hall of Famers and found that those who routinely offered pessimistic explanations for bad events, like losing big games, were more likely to

Rosenhan and his colleagues (1973) faked schizophrenic symptoms to infiltrate mental hospitals. Once they had been admitted and no longer complained of any fake symptoms,

In Rosenhan's study (1973), clinicians who dealt with pseudopatients who had faked symptoms to get into mental hospitals demonstrated the error of

The _ style people use to explain bad events makes illness _ likely.

Phyllis is depressed. Her explanatory style is LEAST likely to attribute her failure at getting a new job to a _____ cause.

According to Seligman (2002), near-epidemic levels of depression in America today, ironically, can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Rosenhan's famous study of diagnosis and treatment in mental hospitals indicated that

Which of the following is FALSE about women and illness?

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who specializes in the causes and control of stress-related illnesses. Dr. Jones is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Maria's therapist instructed her to monitor her attributions for successes and failures. Maria is probably participating in

Researchers suggests that we can avoid self-confirming diagnoses by

The study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological difficulties is known as

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Filters

Exam 14: Personality

The negative correlation between poverty and health is likely caused by all of the following factors EXCEPT

Which is NOT true about the process of therapy?

Given its prevalence, _____ is the common cold of psychological disorders and ____ is the headache.

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Identify a true statement about health risks and people with close relationships.

Review the findings on the relationship between friendships and happiness.

_____ techniques trigger the most dramatic and immediate behavior changes.

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback specifically illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Peterson and Seligman (1987) analyzed the press quotes of baseball's Hall of Famers and found that those who routinely offered pessimistic explanations for bad events, like losing big games, were more likely to

Rosenhan and his colleagues (1973) faked schizophrenic symptoms to infiltrate mental hospitals. Once they had been admitted and no longer complained of any fake symptoms,

In Rosenhan's study (1973), clinicians who dealt with pseudopatients who had faked symptoms to get into mental hospitals demonstrated the error of

The _____ style people use to explain bad events makes illness _____ likely.

Phyllis is depressed. Her explanatory style is LEAST likely to attribute her failure at getting a new job to a _____ cause.

According to Seligman (2002), near-epidemic levels of depression in America today, ironically, can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Rosenhan's famous study of diagnosis and treatment in mental hospitals indicated that

Which of the following is FALSE about women and illness?

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who specializes in the causes and control of stress-related illnesses. Dr. Jones is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Maria's therapist instructed her to monitor her attributions for successes and failures. Maria is probably participating in

Researchers suggests that we can avoid self-confirming diagnoses by

The study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological difficulties is known as

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Filters

Given its prevalence, _ is the common cold of psychological disorders and is the headache.

The _ style people use to explain bad events makes illness _ likely.