Exam 2: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Because some behaviors occur rarely or in private, it can be useful to use methods other than

Compare the goals of researchers who use the observational method, the correlational method, and the experimental method. Provide an example of a question that is best addressed by each method.

In a study of frustration and aggression, some participants were exposed to an accomplice who insulted them, and others were exposed to no such insult. Participants were then allowed to recommend whether the accomplice should be fired. Those who were insulted were more likely to retaliate by recommending that the accomplice lose his job. In this experiment, the ________ was the dependent variable.

Which of the following pairs of variables are most likely to be negatively correlated?

What is the function of an institutional review board (IRB)?

A researcher wants to examine whether teachers show any bias in calling on male students over female students. The best method for answering this question would be

Dr. Lim conducts a study in which he places either an expensive or a cheap purse on a park bench. He then counts how many people try to return the purse to its owner. What kind of study is this?

Patricia and John have each independently recorded the number of times the words "right" and "responsibility" appeared in a civics textbook. They compared their counts, and found that of the thousands of references to rights and responsibilities, they only disagreed by two occurrences. This example illustrates high

A researcher conducted a survey and found a negative correlation between education and the tendency to resort to violence during disputes. In other words, this researcher found that as education level ________, the tendency to use violence ________.

How is a field experiment different from a lab experiment? Laboratory experiments require ________, but field experiments do not.

Dr. Aronoff takes extra time when planning his studies to make sure that the results will generalize to other people and other situations than those he is directly examining. Dr. Aronoff is concerned with

"What is the relationship between viewing violence on the one hand, and behaving aggressively on the other hand?" How might an observational researcher, a correlational researcher, and an experimental researcher answer that question?

External validity is enhanced when results generalize across different people. ______ research is especially useful for this purpose

Which of the following is the best example of the observational method?

Which of the following is used in experiments, but not in the correlational method?

Complete the analogy: correlation: __________:: experiment: __________.

According to the authors, cross-cultural research "...is not a simple matter of traveling to another culture, translating materials into the local language, and replicating the study there." What factors make conducting cross-cultural research difficult?

A cover story is

When you conduct your own research, what size p-value indicates that your research has been successful?

What happens during a typical postexperimental debriefing?