Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

According to Anderson and her colleagues (1992), why would a heavy female body be preferred in cultures where food supplies were scarce or unreliable? In these cultures,

In the nineteenth century, audience members who knew the opera intimately served as "claques," or experts who signaled others in the audience when to applaud, or as "bisseurs," who signaled when to call for encores. These experts served as a source of ________ for less sophisticated audience members.

Solomon Asch (1951, 1956) embarked on a series of studies in which participants were asked to estimate the lengths of lines that clearly differed in length. Asch originally undertook these experiments to

How does conformity to normative social influence differ from conformity to informational social influence?

In a conversation before class, you find that you are the only person in your group to favor tuition increases. The other five students with whom you are talking strongly oppose tuition increases. What might you do to persuade them of your point of view? What form of social influence would you rely on?

The authors of your text note that across the studies that Milgram did investigating obedience to authority, the one factor that never made a consistent difference in how participants behaved was

In a field study by Shultz and his colleagues (2007), several households in a neighborhood received weekly feedback about their level of energy consumption relative to their neighbors. How are these results being applied?

Taking into account research on factors that increase informational social influence, which game contestant is most likely to yield to the informational social influence provided by teammates or the audience?

Researchers (Bond & Smith, 1996) conducted a meta-analysis of 133 Asch line-judgment studies conducted in 17 countries. They found that conformity was higher in ________ cultures because normative social influence ________.

Noor is in a study similar to Baron et al. (1996). She has been asked to select the person she saw in a series of photos. If she's told that her decision is not very important, she will

Since World War II, the Japanese preference for beauty has evolved to hattou shin, which refers to

Le Bon (1895) documented that emotions and behaviors can spread rapidly through a crowd, an effect known as

In addition to the role of both informational and normative conformity pressures, participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments administered escalating shocks to a confederate learner because they

Believing that others are right is to ________ as conforming without believing is to ________.

In the field experiment described in the text, city library patrons were approached by a confederate in the parking lot. This experiment had two independent variables. What were they?

Charlene typically goes along with what her group of friends wants and asks of her. However, one day she refuses to meet them for smoothies after class. Chances are, Charlene will face little retribution for this as long as she has enough

Research shows that conformity is not always required of group members. If a member of your group occasionally deviates from the group and the group doesn't impose negative consequences, the individual has used some of his/her ________.

Silverstein and colleagues (1986) conducted an archival analysis of photographs of women appearing in Vogue and Ladies' Home Journal from 1901 to 1981. These researchers found that

If you were to compare women's magazine ads starting in the 1950s showing people in various stages of undress, what trend would you notice?

Which type of conformity is most at odds with our cultural ethos of individualism and independence and most closely matches the negative stereotypes of those who conform as being "weaklings"?