Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

One of the major problems with the empathy-altruism hypothesis, which Batson himself admits, is that

Researchers (Burnstein, Crandall, & Kitayama, 1994) found that when participants imagined a house fire, they were more likely to help some people than other people. Based on these researchers' findings, it seems that in life-and-death situations,

Suppose Dan is late for a very important meeting. As he runs toward his car, he sees a woman using crutches who has dropped a large stack of papers onto a busy sidewalk. Dan feels a great deal of empathy for this woman because he remembers how tough it was when he had to use crutches a couple years before. According to the empathy-altruism hypothesis, Dan will

The text discusses a cultural value, simpatía, prominent in Spanish-speaking countries. Although simpatía has no direct English translation, it generally refers to

The concept of ________ refers to the idea that when no bystanders to a possible emergency appear to be concerned, other bystanders assume that nothing is wrong.

Dima just finished listening to a charity album filled with songs about helping and caring for others who are victims of war in Darfur, tornadoes in the American South, and famine in Somalia. Why would she be more likely to help the lady parked near her whose car has a flat tire?

Malika and Alicia are out shopping when they are asked to contribute to AIDS research. Malika has just received an A- on her psychology exam; Alicia has just received a D. According to your text, who is most likely to contribute?

Helping in exchange relationships is based on ________, whereas helping in communal relationships is based on ________.

According to research in the text, churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before they attended confession than after confession. These findings are most compatible with

In today's world, people are more and more likely to relocate during their lifetime. Explain the implications this has for helping behavior.

Which of the following statements is most closely related to the empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson, 1991)?

According to the authors of your text, people who have lived in the same place for a longer time tend to feel

According to the gender differences presented by the authors of your text, generally speaking, ________ would be more likely to help an aging relative with daily tasks than ________.

Researchers found that churchgoers were more likely to donate to charity before they attended confession than after, presumably because the act of confession

Every morning at the bus stop, Carlos encounters an old woman begging for change. She is clearly hungry and alone. Because Carlos feels very bad for this woman and can "feel her pain," he makes a point of giving her some change each morning that he sees her. Which theoretical approach best explains Carlos's behavior?

Complete the following analogy. Exchange relationship: communal relationship :: ________: welfare of other.

The overjustification effect suggests that providing _______for volunteering or community service can lead to _______

Research has found an answer to the question of whether people will help out-group and in-group members. People help their in-group members because of _______ and out-group members because of _____.

Social psychologists have found that people in good moods are likely to help, as are people in bad moods. Of course, the reasons for these relations differ, depending on the mood. Explain.

Pluralistic ignorance is to ________ as diffusion of responsibility is to ________.