Exam 8: Thought and Language

In a research study, participants are told that Louis has lived in Boston his whole life. They are then asked which is more likely: A. Louis is a baseball fan, or B. Louis is a baseball fan who roots for the Boston Red Sox. Which of the following is true? A) Participants who answer 'A' are correct. B) Participants who answer 'A' have committed the conjunction fallacy. C) Participants who answer 'B' are demonstrating belief perseverance.

Riley has figured out how to unlock his bedroom door with a paper clip. What has he most likely overcome in his new use of the paper clip?

The use of specific rules to categorize objects is an example of:

Rule-based categorization involves typically involves the use of ______________, while categorization using prototypes involves _____________.

One interesting property of ___________ is that we usually know when it is not being used correctly, but people often cannot explain exactly why.

Which of the following is an indicator of belief perseverance?

Besides being based in a different region of the brain, a major distinction between Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia is that

Consistent with the linguistic relativity hypothesis, which of the following would most likely be true?

Maximizers are individuals who:

Research on Inuit Eskimos has revealed that:

Research indicates that people categorize concepts by using:

One type of mental representation is the concept. How do concepts allow us to relate to the world around us in a manageable way? What are categories, and how do they relate to our use of concepts? Create an example to show what a person's experience in a novel situation might be like if humans didn't organize the world based on concepts and categories.

Many people categorize tomatoes as a vegetable, even though they technically meet the scientific definition for a fruit. A likely reason for this is that:

Computers are particularly suited for using ________________ to solve problems.

In problem solving, the techniques we use to reach a solution are called _____________.

An admissions director for a college decides to keep the existing admissions policy since 80 percent of the students admitted eventually graduate. Unknown to her, 90 percent of the rejected applicants would also have been successful graduates. Her decision-making process is hampered by __________.

Which of the following is a unique property of language that helps to distinguish it from animal communication?

What are the smallest units of meaning in a language?

The _______________ occurs when an individual believes the probability of finding a specific member in two overlapping categories is more likely than finding any member of one of the larger, general categories.

Which decision-making strategy involves making judgments of likelihood based on how well an example represents a specific category?