Question 1

Empirical evidence is the evidence gathered by a careful reflection on one's personal experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Wilhelm Wundt is known for:

Accepted Answer

A)  initiating the movement to make psychology a science. 
B)  developing eight guidelines for critical thinking. 
C)  establishing phrenology as a science. 
D)  training doctors to treat mental illness. 
A)  initiating the movement to make psychology a science. 
B)  developing eight guidelines for critical thinking. 
C)  establishing phrenology as a science. 
D)  training doctors to treat mental illness.

Question 3

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Critical thinking is a process, not an accomplishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Cognitive researchers have been able to study the kind of "thinking" that goes on without awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which school of thought in psychology tried to explain how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person adapt to the environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychiatry 
A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychiatry

Question 7

Randy meets a Californian who grows his own vegetables and refuses to eat nonorganic food. Randy concludes that Californians are overzealous about nutrition. This type of error illustrates the importance of which critical thinking guideline?

Accepted Answer

A)  don't oversimplify 
B)  tolerate uncertainty 
C)  avoid emotional reasoning 
D)  examine the evidence 
A)  don't oversimplify 
B)  tolerate uncertainty 
C)  avoid emotional reasoning 
D)  examine the evidence

Question 8

A person who has received specialized training from a psychoanalytic institute is called a psychiatrist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Critical thinkers prefer explanations that account for the most evidence while making the fewest assumptions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

_______________ wanted to know how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person or animal adapt to the environment, so they looked for the underlying causes and practical consequences of these behaviors and processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rationalists 
B)  Structuralists 
C)  Fundamentalists 
D)  Functionalists 
A)  Rationalists 
B)  Structuralists 
C)  Fundamentalists 
D)  Functionalists

Question 11

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

During the early decades of psychology's existence as a formal discipline, three schools of psychological thought became popular. What were these three schools of thought and what became of each of them over time?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 13

Scholars of the past who wanted to understand human behavior relied on anecdotes and descriptions of individual cases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Wilhelm Wundt, an American psychologist, was a popular functionalist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry. 
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes. 
C)  basic research studies only humans, whereas applied research studies both animals and human beings. 
D)  basic research is done to acquire knowledge and applied research is done to solve practical problems. 
A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry. 
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes. 
C)  basic research studies only humans, whereas applied research studies both animals and human beings. 
D)  basic research is done to acquire knowledge and applied research is done to solve practical problems.

Question 16

Freudian concepts were, and still are, rejected by most empirically-oriented psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

_______________ established the first psychological laboratory in 1879.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  John Locke 
C)  William James 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  John Locke 
C)  William James 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt

Question 18

Observing violent role models can influence some children to behave aggressively themselves. Which of the following psychological perspectives is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorist perspective 
B)  learning perspective 
C)  social-cognitive perspective 
D)  biological perspective 
A)  behaviorist perspective 
B)  learning perspective 
C)  social-cognitive perspective 
D)  biological perspective

Question 19

Which of the following schools of psychological thought was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychoanalysis 
A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychoanalysis

Question 20

Which school of thought in psychology emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind?

Accepted Answer

A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychoanalysis 
A)  phrenology 
B)  structuralism 
C)  functionalism 
D)  psychoanalysis

Empirical evidence is the evidence gathered by a careful reflection on one's personal experiences.

Wilhelm Wundt is known for:

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Critical thinking is a process, not an accomplishment.

Cognitive researchers have been able to study the kind of "thinking" that goes on without awareness.

Which school of thought in psychology tried to explain how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person adapt to the environment?

Randy meets a Californian who grows his own vegetables and refuses to eat nonorganic food. Randy concludes that Californians are overzealous about nutrition. This type of error illustrates the importance of which critical thinking guideline?

A person who has received specialized training from a psychoanalytic institute is called a psychiatrist.

Critical thinkers prefer explanations that account for the most evidence while making the fewest assumptions.

_______________ wanted to know how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person or animal adapt to the environment, so they looked for the underlying causes and practical consequences of these behaviors and processes.

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

During the early decades of psychology's existence as a formal discipline, three schools of psychological thought became popular. What were these three schools of thought and what became of each of them over time?

Scholars of the past who wanted to understand human behavior relied on anecdotes and descriptions of individual cases.

Wilhelm Wundt, an American psychologist, was a popular functionalist.

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Freudian concepts were, and still are, rejected by most empirically-oriented psychologists.

_______________ established the first psychological laboratory in 1879.

Observing violent role models can influence some children to behave aggressively themselves. Which of the following psychological perspectives is this an example of?

Which of the following schools of psychological thought was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Which school of thought in psychology emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind?

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

Empirical evidence is the evidence gathered by a careful reflection on one's personal experiences.

Wilhelm Wundt is known for:

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Critical thinking is a process, not an accomplishment.

Cognitive researchers have been able to study the kind of "thinking" that goes on without awareness.

Which school of thought in psychology tried to explain how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person adapt to the environment?

Randy meets a Californian who grows his own vegetables and refuses to eat nonorganic food. Randy concludes that Californians are overzealous about nutrition. This type of error illustrates the importance of which critical thinking guideline?

A person who has received specialized training from a psychoanalytic institute is called a psychiatrist.

Critical thinkers prefer explanations that account for the most evidence while making the fewest assumptions.

_______________ wanted to know how specific behaviors and mental processes help a person or animal adapt to the environment, so they looked for the underlying causes and practical consequences of these behaviors and processes.

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

During the early decades of psychology's existence as a formal discipline, three schools of psychological thought became popular. What were these three schools of thought and what became of each of them over time?

Scholars of the past who wanted to understand human behavior relied on anecdotes and descriptions of individual cases.

Wilhelm Wundt, an American psychologist, was a popular functionalist.

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Freudian concepts were, and still are, rejected by most empirically-oriented psychologists.

_______________ established the first psychological laboratory in 1879.

Observing violent role models can influence some children to behave aggressively themselves. Which of the following psychological perspectives is this an example of?

Which of the following schools of psychological thought was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Which school of thought in psychology emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind?

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters