Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

An economic cause of prejudice is that it:

Based on the information about prejudice in your textbook, what is the most likely outcome of extending marriage rights to same-sex couples in the long run?

In Asch's conformity experiment, the presence of one other person who gave the correct answer was enough to overcome agreement with the majority.

The part of a person's self-concept that is based on his or her identification with a nation, religious or political group, occupation, or other social affiliation is called:

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

A way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members is through the use of uniforms.

Discuss why it is difficult to measure prejudice today by directly asking individuals if they are prejudiced, and distinguish between explicit and implicit prejudice. Then, discuss five clever ways psychologists have for measuring implicit forms of prejudice.

According to C. P. Snow, "more hideous crimes have been committed in the name of ________ than in the name of rebellion."

What kind of attribution is being made in each case, situational or dispositional? a. A man says, "My wife has sure become a grouchy person." b. The same man says, "I'm grouchy because I had a bad day at the office." c. A woman reads about high unemployment in poor communities and says, "Well, if those people weren't so lazy, they would find work."

Describe the experimental design of the conformity studies conducted by Solomon Asch.

________ is defined as a gradual process in which individuals escalate their commitment to a course of action to justify their investment of time, money, or effort.

The "banality of evil" means that:

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

________ generally have the greatest conversational distance compared to other cultures; that is, they stand further apart when they converse.

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Brainwashing is politically-motivated violence specifically designed to instill feelings of helplessness in a population.

About ________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

What are three ways in which stereotypes can distort reality?

An attitude is a belief about people, groups, ideas, or activities.