Exam 14: Theories of Personality

Innate physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways that are present in infancy are called:

_______________ is a fundamental personality dimension that describes whether people are steadfast and persevering, or fickle and careless.

_______________ is a habitual way of behaving, thinking, and feeling.

Which contemporary specialty follows in the footsteps of humanism by focusing on the qualities that enable people to be optimistic and resilient in times of stress?

Winnie is attracted to her best friend's boyfriend. Despite her friendship, when her friend isn't around, Winnie tries to steal him away. According to Sigmund Freud, which part of the personality would be responsible for this behaviour?

When childrearing methods are studied, researchers have found that:

What does the empirical evidence show about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator's ability to predict a person's behaviour on the job or in relationships?

In Chapter 2, How Psychologists Do Research, we learned that scientists must be willing to make a risky prediction that can be disproved by counterevidence. How does the principle of falsifiability apply to psychodynamic and humanist theories?

Jeanne is part of a longitudinal study of personality. She is 54 years old and has just completed the MMPI personality assessment. One trait was found to be significantly different than when she completed the assessment at age 34. What trait is this?

_______________ is love and support given to another person with no conditions attached.

When two psychologists surveyed 275 freshmen at Cornell University, they found that:

Which of the following is one of the Big Five personality traits?

Which trait among the Big Five typically decreases by age 30?

A patient confides his homosexual orientation to his psychoanalyst. If the psychoanalyst shares the opinions of Sigmund Freud, he will view this sexual orientation as:

Which of the following statements most closely reflects the current view of Freudian theory?

In psychoanalysis, a _______________ is a strategy that denies or distorts reality, but protects us from conflict and anxiety.

A problem that cultural psychologists face is how to:

Stan and Olga are siblings who were both abused by their father when they were young. Stan considers himself a victim, whereas Olga thinks of her life as a story of survival. According to a relatively new theory of personality, the main difference between Stan and Olga is:

In Kaiti's culture, the wishes of the individual take precedence over group harmony. It is most likely that Kaiti defines her "self":

Diego hears from the doctor that he has a serious disease. Diego's response is "This can't be true! There's been a mistake. It cannot be me." What Freudian defence mechanism is Diego using?