Exam 14: Theories of Personality

In the object-relations view of development:

At the age of four months, Zach was excitable and fearful. His dad taped a colourful picture beside the changing table to entertain Zach during diaper changes. Zach overreacted to the picture and became agitated and nervous. Zach is most likely to be classified as a(n) ___________ child.

What did psychologists discover when, in a study discussed in your textbook, they surveyed freshman at Cornell University regarding their behaviours and their interactions with parents?

Dawn and Ken are expecting their first child. Dawn mentions one day that she plans on raising a child who is extroverted, conscientious, and agreeable. What three lines of evidence suggest that Dawn will not be able to determine the personality of her child?

In psychoanalysis, which component of personality is a "referee" between the needs of instinct and the demands of society?

_______________ cultures are those in which the self is regarded as autonomous, and a person's goals are prized above duty to the group.

The two-way interaction between aspects of the environment and aspects of the individual in the shaping of personality traits is called:

_______________ said that there is a collective unconscious shared by all human beings, containing universal memories, symbols, and images that are the legacy of human history.

What are the three systems that comprise personality according to Sigmund Freud? Briefly describe them.

During a mildly stressful task, reactive children are more likely than nonreactive to show:

Rollo May would have been most likely to agree that:

For Gordon Allport, our personalities reflect:

Which of the following is the scientific failing in which a researcher concludes from a few cases that something is true for all?

In behavioural-genetic research, what is the "nonshared environment"?

In psychoanalysis, the part of the personality that represents conscience, morality, and social standards is called:

According to Carl Rogers, if a man loves his wife only when she is looking her best, then:

Professor Benvolio's personality course emphasizes the importance of Gordon Allport's contributions to the field of psychology. Professor Benvolio would be most likely to agree that:

In the 1960s, a group of psychologists argued that it was time for a "third force" in psychology. What were the first two forces that were perceived as inadequate in explaining human behaviour? What alternate perspective would be taken by the "third force" in describing human personality?

According to the ____________ view of personality, the story we tell about ourselves shapes who we are.

In behavioural genetic research, _______________ includes the family background in which you grew up and the experiences you shared with your siblings and parents.