Question 1

After the removal of carbon,the oxygen in CO2 ends up

Accepted Answer

A)  as atmospheric oxygen. 
B)  attached to carbon and hydrogen to form sugar (G3P). 
C)  in the soil. 
D)  attached to hydrogen to form water. 
E)  as rubisco. 
A)  as atmospheric oxygen. 
B)  attached to carbon and hydrogen to form sugar (G3P). 
C)  in the soil. 
D)  attached to hydrogen to form water. 
E)  as rubisco.

Question 2

The Z scheme is

Accepted Answer

A)  the characteristic path of electrons when they are bounced out of the pigments of the reaction center. 
B)  another name for the splitting of water. 
C)  the addition of CO2 to RuBP to form a six-carbon sugar. 
D)  the passing of high-energy electrons through ATP synthase. 
E)  the wavelengths of light absorbed by a specific molecule. 
A)  the characteristic path of electrons when they are bounced out of the pigments of the reaction center. 
B)  another name for the splitting of water. 
C)  the addition of CO2 to RuBP to form a six-carbon sugar. 
D)  the passing of high-energy electrons through ATP synthase. 
E)  the wavelengths of light absorbed by a specific molecule.

Question 3

Compared with fermentation,the aerobic pathways of glucose metabolism produce

Accepted Answer

A)  more ATP. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  fewer protons for pumping in the mitochondria. 
D)  less CO2. 
E)  more oxidized coenzymes. 
A)  more ATP. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  fewer protons for pumping in the mitochondria. 
D)  less CO2. 
E)  more oxidized coenzymes.

Question 4

When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane into the intermembranous space,the result is the

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of ATP. 
B)  reduction of NAD+. 
C)  creation of a proton gradient. 
D)  restoration of the Na+-K+ balance across the membrane. 
E)  reduction of glucose to lactic acid. 
A)  formation of ATP. 
B)  reduction of NAD+. 
C)  creation of a proton gradient. 
D)  restoration of the Na+-K+ balance across the membrane. 
E)  reduction of glucose to lactic acid.

Question 5

The first pathway of photosynthesis,in which light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH,is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  light reductions. 
B)  dark reactions. 
C)  carbon-fixation reactions. 
D)  light reactions. 
E)  dark reductions. 
A)  light reductions. 
B)  dark reactions. 
C)  carbon-fixation reactions. 
D)  light reactions. 
E)  dark reductions.

Question 6

In noncyclic photophosphorylation,water is used for the

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis of ATP. 
B)  excitation of chlorophyll. 
C)  reduction of chlorophyll. 
D)  oxidation of NADPH. 
E)  synthesis of chlorophyll. 
A)  hydrolysis of ATP. 
B)  excitation of chlorophyll. 
C)  reduction of chlorophyll. 
D)  oxidation of NADPH. 
E)  synthesis of chlorophyll.

Question 7

The enzyme rubisco is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  the cytoplasm. 
D)  the nucleus. 
E)  yeast. 
A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  the cytoplasm. 
D)  the nucleus. 
E)  yeast.

Question 8

Which pathway requires the greatest input of energy to make its product?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noncyclic electron transport 
B)  Carbon fixation 
C)  Calvin cycle 
D)  Cyclic electron transport 
E)  Photophosphorylation 
A)  Noncyclic electron transport 
B)  Carbon fixation 
C)  Calvin cycle 
D)  Cyclic electron transport 
E)  Photophosphorylation

Question 9

In the cell,the site of oxygen utilization is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  chloroplast. 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  mitochondrion. 
E)  cytosol. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  chloroplast. 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  mitochondrion. 
E)  cytosol.

Question 10

Which statement about chlorophylls is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorophylls absorb light near both ends of the visible spectrum. 
B)  Chlorophylls can accept energy from other pigments,such as carotenoids. 
C)  Excited chlorophyll can either reduce another substance or release light energy. 
D)  Excited chlorophyll cannot be an oxidizing agent. 
E)  Chlorophylls contain magnesium. 
A)  Chlorophylls absorb light near both ends of the visible spectrum. 
B)  Chlorophylls can accept energy from other pigments,such as carotenoids. 
C)  Excited chlorophyll can either reduce another substance or release light energy. 
D)  Excited chlorophyll cannot be an oxidizing agent. 
E)  Chlorophylls contain magnesium.

Question 11

When a photon is absorbed by a molecule,the photon

Accepted Answer

A)  loses its ability to generate any energy. 
B)  raises the molecule from a ground state of low energy to an excited state. 
C)  affects the molecule in ways that are not clearly understood. 
D)  causes a change in the velocity of the wavelengths. 
E)  makes the molecule more stable. 
A)  loses its ability to generate any energy. 
B)  raises the molecule from a ground state of low energy to an excited state. 
C)  affects the molecule in ways that are not clearly understood. 
D)  causes a change in the velocity of the wavelengths. 
E)  makes the molecule more stable.

Question 12

In both photosynthesis and cellular respiration,protons are pumped across a membrane during

Accepted Answer

A)  electron transport. 
B)  photolysis. 
C)  CO2 fixation. 
D)  reduction of O2. 
E)  glycolysis. 
A)  electron transport. 
B)  photolysis. 
C)  CO2 fixation. 
D)  reduction of O2. 
E)  glycolysis.

Question 13

The hydrogen ion gradient is maintained by

Accepted Answer

A)  electron transport and proton pumping. 
B)  the splitting of water. 
C)  the ionization of glucose. 
D)  ATP synthase. 
E)  acetyl CoA. 
A)  electron transport and proton pumping. 
B)  the splitting of water. 
C)  the ionization of glucose. 
D)  ATP synthase. 
E)  acetyl CoA.

Question 14

The component of aerobic respiration that produces the most ATP per mole of glucose is

Accepted Answer

A)  the electron transport chain. 
B)  the citric acid cycle. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  lactic acid fermentation. 
E)  alcoholic fermentation. 
A)  the electron transport chain. 
B)  the citric acid cycle. 
C)  glycolysis. 
D)  lactic acid fermentation. 
E)  alcoholic fermentation.

Question 15

The energy to hydrolyze water comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  an oxidized chlorophyll. 
B)  a reduced chlorophyll. 
C)  the proton gradient. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  NADPH + H+. 
A)  an oxidized chlorophyll. 
B)  a reduced chlorophyll. 
C)  the proton gradient. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  NADPH + H+.

Question 16

Which statement about ATP is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an energy-storage compound. 
B)  It is the cell's principal compound for energy transfers. 
C)  It stands for adenosine triphosphate. 
D)  It is the molecule all living cells rely on to do chemical work. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  It is an energy-storage compound. 
B)  It is the cell's principal compound for energy transfers. 
C)  It stands for adenosine triphosphate. 
D)  It is the molecule all living cells rely on to do chemical work. 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

The O2 gas produced during photosynthesis is derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  water. 
D)  CO. 
E)  bicarbonate ions. 
A)  CO2. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  water. 
D)  CO. 
E)  bicarbonate ions.

Question 18

Which of the following is the balanced equation for the generation of sugar from sunlight,water,and CO2?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 CO2 + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + O2 
B)  6 CO2 + 12 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O 
C)  6 CO2 + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + 6 O2 
D)  12 CO2 + 12 H2O $\rightarrow$ 2 C6H12O6 + 2 O2 
E)  None of the above 
A)  6 CO2 + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + O2 
B)  6 CO2 + 12 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O 
C)  6 CO2 + 6 H2O $\rightarrow$C6H12O6 + 6 O2 
D)  12 CO2 + 12 H2O $\rightarrow$ 2 C6H12O6 + 2 O2 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor employed,fermentation always produces

Accepted Answer

A)  AMP. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  Pi. 
D)  NAD+. 
E)  GTP. 
A)  AMP. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  Pi. 
D)  NAD+. 
E)  GTP.

Question 20

Which statement about pyruvate is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the end product of glycolysis. 
B)  It becomes reduced during fermentation. 
C)  It is a precursor of acetyl CoA. 
D)  It is a protein. 
E)  It contains three carbon atoms. 
A)  It is the end product of glycolysis. 
B)  It becomes reduced during fermentation. 
C)  It is a precursor of acetyl CoA. 
D)  It is a protein. 
E)  It contains three carbon atoms.

Exam 6: Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

After the removal of carbon,the oxygen in CO2 ends up

The Z scheme is

Compared with fermentation,the aerobic pathways of glucose metabolism produce

When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane into the intermembranous space,the result is the

The first pathway of photosynthesis,in which light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH,is referred to as the

In noncyclic photophosphorylation,water is used for the

The enzyme rubisco is found in

Which pathway requires the greatest input of energy to make its product?

In the cell,the site of oxygen utilization is the

Which statement about chlorophylls is false?

When a photon is absorbed by a molecule,the photon

In both photosynthesis and cellular respiration,protons are pumped across a membrane during

The hydrogen ion gradient is maintained by

The component of aerobic respiration that produces the most ATP per mole of glucose is

The energy to hydrolyze water comes from

Which statement about ATP is true?

The O2 gas produced during photosynthesis is derived from

Which of the following is the balanced equation for the generation of sugar from sunlight,water,and CO2?

Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor employed,fermentation always produces

Which statement about pyruvate is false?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

After the removal of carbon,the oxygen in CO₂ ends up

The O₂ gas produced during photosynthesis is derived from

Which of the following is the balanced equation for the generation of sugar from sunlight,water,and CO₂?