Question 1

Accessory pigments

Accepted Answer

A)  play no role in photosynthesis. 
B)  transfer energy from chlorophyll to the electron transport chain. 
C)  absorb only the red wavelengths. 
D)  allow algae and cyanobacteria to absorb visible light of intermediate wavelengths. 
E)  transfer electrons to NADP. 
A)  play no role in photosynthesis. 
B)  transfer energy from chlorophyll to the electron transport chain. 
C)  absorb only the red wavelengths. 
D)  allow algae and cyanobacteria to absorb visible light of intermediate wavelengths. 
E)  transfer electrons to NADP.

Question 2

When a suspension of algae is incubated in a flask in the presence of light and CO2 and then transferred to the dark,the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is blocked.This reaction stops in the dark because

Accepted Answer

A)  the reaction requires CO2. 
B)  the reaction is exergonic. 
C)  the reaction requires ATP and NADPH. 
D)  the reaction requires O2. 
E)  chlorophyll is not synthesized in the dark. 
A)  the reaction requires CO2. 
B)  the reaction is exergonic. 
C)  the reaction requires ATP and NADPH. 
D)  the reaction requires O2. 
E)  chlorophyll is not synthesized in the dark.

Question 3

A chemical reaction resulting in the transfer of electrons or hydrogen atoms is called a(n)_______ reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chemical reaction resulting in the transfer...

Question 4

How does the reduction of pyruvate to lactic acid during fermentation allow glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water is formed during this reaction. 
B)  This reaction is a kinase reaction. 
C)  This reaction is coupled to the oxidation of NADH to NAD+. 
D)  This reaction is coupled to the formation of ATP. 
E)  This reaction is coupled to the reduction of NAD+ to NADH. 
A)  Water is formed during this reaction. 
B)  This reaction is a kinase reaction. 
C)  This reaction is coupled to the oxidation of NADH to NAD+. 
D)  This reaction is coupled to the formation of ATP. 
E)  This reaction is coupled to the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.

Question 5

Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is endergonic,whereas the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic.The two reactions are therefore said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  substrates. 
B)  endergonic. 
C)  kinetic. 
D)  activated. 
E)  coupled. 
A)  substrates. 
B)  endergonic. 
C)  kinetic. 
D)  activated. 
E)  coupled.

Question 6

A suspension of algae is incubated in a flask in the presence of both light and CO2.When it is transferred to the dark,the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG)to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)is blocked,and the concentration of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)declines.Why does the RuBP concentration decline?

Accepted Answer

A)  RuBP needs to be regenerated from G3P. 
B)  The regeneration of RuBP requires ATP. 
C)  Sugar is no longer generated from G3P. 
D)  There is a corresponding increase in RuMP. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  RuBP needs to be regenerated from G3P. 
B)  The regeneration of RuBP requires ATP. 
C)  Sugar is no longer generated from G3P. 
D)  There is a corresponding increase in RuMP. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 7

When acetyl CoA builds up in the cell,it increases the activity of the enzyme that synthesizes oxaloacetate from pyruvate and CO2.In this case,acetyl CoA is acting as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  electron carrier. 
B)  substrate. 
C)  allosteric activator. 
D)  acetate donor. 
E)  proton pump. 
A)  electron carrier. 
B)  substrate. 
C)  allosteric activator. 
D)  acetate donor. 
E)  proton pump.

Question 8

The NADPH required for the reduction of 3PG to G3P comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  the dark reactions. 
B)  the light reactions. 
C)  the synthesis of ATP. 
D)  the Calvin cycle. 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
A)  the dark reactions. 
B)  the light reactions. 
C)  the synthesis of ATP. 
D)  the Calvin cycle. 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 9

Compared to long-wavelength photons,short-wavelength photons have

Accepted Answer

A)  an insignificant amount of energy. 
B)  more energy. 
C)  energy not available to plant cells. 
D)  a ladder of energy. 
E)  an equal amount of energy. 
A)  an insignificant amount of energy. 
B)  more energy. 
C)  energy not available to plant cells. 
D)  a ladder of energy. 
E)  an equal amount of energy.

Question 10

The role of oxygen gas in our cells is to

Accepted Answer

A)  catalyze reactions in glycolysis. 
B)  produce CO2. 
C)  form ATP. 
D)  accept electrons from the respiratory chain. 
E)  react with glucose to split water. 
A)  catalyze reactions in glycolysis. 
B)  produce CO2. 
C)  form ATP. 
D)  accept electrons from the respiratory chain. 
E)  react with glucose to split water.

Question 11

In the photosynthetic formation of ATP,the enzyme ATP synthase couples the synthesis of ATP to

Accepted Answer

A)  the diffusion of protons. 
B)  the reduction of NADP+. 
C)  the excitation of chlorophyll. 
D)  the reduction of chlorophyll. 
E)  CO2 fixation. 
A)  the diffusion of protons. 
B)  the reduction of NADP+. 
C)  the excitation of chlorophyll. 
D)  the reduction of chlorophyll. 
E)  CO2 fixation.

Question 12

For the citric acid cycle to proceed,it is necessary for

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate to bind to oxaloacetate. 
B)  carbon dioxide to bind to oxaloacetate. 
C)  an acetyl group to bind to oxaloacetate. 
D)  water to be oxidized. 
E)  acetyl CoA to be reduced. 
A)  pyruvate to bind to oxaloacetate. 
B)  carbon dioxide to bind to oxaloacetate. 
C)  an acetyl group to bind to oxaloacetate. 
D)  water to be oxidized. 
E)  acetyl CoA to be reduced.

Question 13

Due to its ability to carry electrons and free energy,_______ is the most common electron carrier in cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Due to its ability to carry electrons...

Question 14

Oxidation and _______ occur together.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oxidation and _______ occur together....

Question 15

Many species derive their energy from fermentation,which

Accepted Answer

A)  reduces NAD+. 
B)  oxidizes CO2. 
C)  ensures a continued supply of ATP. 
D)  produces acetyl CoA. 
E)  catabolizes carbohydrates. 
A)  reduces NAD+. 
B)  oxidizes CO2. 
C)  ensures a continued supply of ATP. 
D)  produces acetyl CoA. 
E)  catabolizes carbohydrates.

Question 16

The citric acid cycle

Accepted Answer

A)  has no connection with the respiratory chain. 
B)  takes place in the mitochondrion. 
C)  reduces two NAD+ for every glucose processed. 
D)  produces no ATP. 
E)  is the same thing as fermentation. 
A)  has no connection with the respiratory chain. 
B)  takes place in the mitochondrion. 
C)  reduces two NAD+ for every glucose processed. 
D)  produces no ATP. 
E)  is the same thing as fermentation.

Question 17

The exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate $\rightarrow$ 3-phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ATP.Which of the following is most likely to be true about the reaction ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reaction never reaches equilibrium. 
B)  The reaction is spontaneous. 
C)  There is a large decrease in free energy. 
D)  The reaction is endergonic. 
E)  Temperature will not affect the rate constant of the reaction. 
A)  The reaction never reaches equilibrium. 
B)  The reaction is spontaneous. 
C)  There is a large decrease in free energy. 
D)  The reaction is endergonic. 
E)  Temperature will not affect the rate constant of the reaction.

Question 18

Which statement about oxidative phosphorylation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It forms ATP by the respiratory chain/ATP synthesis. 
B)  It is brought about by chemiosmosis. 
C)  It requires aerobic conditions. 
D)  It takes place in mitochondria. 
E)  Its functions can be served equally well by fermentation. 
A)  It forms ATP by the respiratory chain/ATP synthesis. 
B)  It is brought about by chemiosmosis. 
C)  It requires aerobic conditions. 
D)  It takes place in mitochondria. 
E)  Its functions can be served equally well by fermentation.

Question 19

When white light strikes a blue pigment,blue light is

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced. 
B)  absorbed. 
C)  converted to chemical energy. 
D)  scattered or transmitted. 
E)  used to synthesize ATP. 
A)  reduced. 
B)  absorbed. 
C)  converted to chemical energy. 
D)  scattered or transmitted. 
E)  used to synthesize ATP.

Question 20

How many moles of CO2 must enter the Calvin cycle for the synthesis of one mole of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  12 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  12

Exam 6: Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

Accessory pigments

When a suspension of algae is incubated in a flask in the presence of light and CO2 and then transferred to the dark,the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is blocked.This reaction stops in the dark because

A chemical reaction resulting in the transfer of electrons or hydrogen atoms is called a(n)_______ reaction.

How does the reduction of pyruvate to lactic acid during fermentation allow glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen?

Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is endergonic,whereas the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic.The two reactions are therefore said to be

When acetyl CoA builds up in the cell,it increases the activity of the enzyme that synthesizes oxaloacetate from pyruvate and CO2.In this case,acetyl CoA is acting as a(n)

The NADPH required for the reduction of 3PG to G3P comes from

Compared to long-wavelength photons,short-wavelength photons have

The role of oxygen gas in our cells is to

In the photosynthetic formation of ATP,the enzyme ATP synthase couples the synthesis of ATP to

For the citric acid cycle to proceed,it is necessary for

Due to its ability to carry electrons and free energy,_______ is the most common electron carrier in cells.

Oxidation and _______ occur together.

Many species derive their energy from fermentation,which

The citric acid cycle

The exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate →\rightarrow→ 3-phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + Pi →\rightarrow→ ATP.Which of the following is most likely to be true about the reaction ADP + Pi →\rightarrow→ ATP?

Which statement about oxidative phosphorylation is false?

When white light strikes a blue pigment,blue light is

How many moles of CO2 must enter the Calvin cycle for the synthesis of one mole of glucose?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

When a suspension of algae is incubated in a flask in the presence of light and CO₂ and then transferred to the dark,the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is blocked.This reaction stops in the dark because

When acetyl CoA builds up in the cell,it increases the activity of the enzyme that synthesizes oxaloacetate from pyruvate and CO₂.In this case,acetyl CoA is acting as a(n)

The exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate $\rightarrow$ 3-phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + P_i $\rightarrow$ ATP.Which of the following is most likely to be true about the reaction ADP + P_i $\rightarrow$ ATP?

How many moles of CO₂ must enter the Calvin cycle for the synthesis of one mole of glucose?