Question 1

In the citric acid cycle,oxidative steps are coupled to

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  the oxidation of water. 
C)  the oxidation of electron carriers. 
D)  the hydrolysis of ATP. 
E)  the reduction of electron carriers. 
A)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
B)  the oxidation of water. 
C)  the oxidation of electron carriers. 
D)  the hydrolysis of ATP. 
E)  the reduction of electron carriers.

Question 2

A graph that plots the rate at which CO2 is converted to glucose versus the wavelength of light illuminating a leaf is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the Planck equation. 
B)  an absorption spectrum. 
C)  enzyme kinetics. 
D)  an electromagnetic spectrum. 
E)  an action spectrum. 
A)  the Planck equation. 
B)  an absorption spectrum. 
C)  enzyme kinetics. 
D)  an electromagnetic spectrum. 
E)  an action spectrum.

Question 3

A molecule that has an absorption spectrum showing maximum absorption within the wavelengths of visible light is

Accepted Answer

A)  a reducing agent. 
B)  a quantum. 
C)  a photon. 
D)  electromagnetic radiation. 
E)  a pigment. 
A)  a reducing agent. 
B)  a quantum. 
C)  a photon. 
D)  electromagnetic radiation. 
E)  a pigment.

Question 4

When a photon is absorbed by chlorophyll,

Accepted Answer

A)  the chlorophyll becomes "excited," or energized. 
B)  a greater number of light wavelengths can be absorbed. 
C)  ATP is split into ADP,phosphate,and energy. 
D)  hydrogen ions are released. 
E)  the chlorophyll molecules fluoresce. 
A)  the chlorophyll becomes "excited," or energized. 
B)  a greater number of light wavelengths can be absorbed. 
C)  ATP is split into ADP,phosphate,and energy. 
D)  hydrogen ions are released. 
E)  the chlorophyll molecules fluoresce.

Question 5

Photosynthesis is the process that uses light energy to extract hydrogen atoms from

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  chlorophyll. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  water. 
E)  NADPH. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  chlorophyll. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  water. 
E)  NADPH.

Question 6

The citric acid cycle begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  acetyl CoA. 
D)  NADH + H+. 
E)  ATP synthase. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  acetyl CoA. 
D)  NADH + H+. 
E)  ATP synthase.

Question 7

The drug 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)destroys the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.What would be the effect of incubating isolated mitochondria in a solution of DNP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen would no longer be reduced to water. 
B)  No ATP would be made. 
C)  Mitochondria would show a burst of increased ATP synthesis. 
D)  Glycolysis would stop. 
E)  Mitochondria would switch from glycolysis to fermentation. 
A)  Oxygen would no longer be reduced to water. 
B)  No ATP would be made. 
C)  Mitochondria would show a burst of increased ATP synthesis. 
D)  Glycolysis would stop. 
E)  Mitochondria would switch from glycolysis to fermentation.

Question 8

During the fermentation of one molecule of glucose,the net production of ATP is _______ molecule(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  six 
E)  eight 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  six 
E)  eight

Question 9

Before starch can be used for respiratory ATP production,it must be hydrolyzed to

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  oxaloacetate. 
A)  pyruvate. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  oxaloacetate.

Question 10

Which statement about NAD is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a key electron carrier in redox reactions. 
B)  It requires oxygen to function. 
C)  It is found only in prokaryotes. 
D)  It binds with an acetyl group to form acetyl CoA. 
E)  It detoxifies hydrogen peroxide. 
A)  It is a key electron carrier in redox reactions. 
B)  It requires oxygen to function. 
C)  It is found only in prokaryotes. 
D)  It binds with an acetyl group to form acetyl CoA. 
E)  It detoxifies hydrogen peroxide.

Question 11

In alcoholic fermentation,NAD+ is produced during the

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. 
B)  reduction of pyruvate to lactic acid. 
C)  reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol. 
D)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP. 
E)  oxidation of glucose. 
A)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. 
B)  reduction of pyruvate to lactic acid. 
C)  reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol. 
D)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP. 
E)  oxidation of glucose.

Question 12

In all cells,glucose metabolism begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis. 
B)  fermentation. 
C)  pyruvate oxidation. 
D)  the citric acid cycle. 
E)  chemosmosis. 
A)  glycolysis. 
B)  fermentation. 
C)  pyruvate oxidation. 
D)  the citric acid cycle. 
E)  chemosmosis.

Question 13

The NADPH required for 3PG reduction is formed

Accepted Answer

A)  by the reduction of O2. 
B)  by the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  during the light reactions. 
D)  during carbon fixation. 
E)  in the mitochondria. 
A)  by the reduction of O2. 
B)  by the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  during the light reactions. 
D)  during carbon fixation. 
E)  in the mitochondria.

Question 14

The respiratory chain

Accepted Answer

A)  is located in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  includes only peripheral membrane proteins. 
C)  always produces ATP. 
D)  reoxidizes reduced coenzymes. 
E)  operates simultaneously with fermentation. 
A)  is located in the mitochondrial matrix. 
B)  includes only peripheral membrane proteins. 
C)  always produces ATP. 
D)  reoxidizes reduced coenzymes. 
E)  operates simultaneously with fermentation.

Question 15

During CO2 fixation,CO2 combines with

Accepted Answer

A)  NADPH. 
B)  3PG. 
C)  G3P. 
D)  water. 
E)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. 
A)  NADPH. 
B)  3PG. 
C)  G3P. 
D)  water. 
E)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.

Question 16

Glycolysis

Accepted Answer

A)  takes place in the mitochondrion. 
B)  produces no ATP. 
C)  has no connection with the respiratory chain. 
D)  is the same thing as fermentation. 
E)  reduces two molecules of NAD+ for every glucose molecule processed. 
A)  takes place in the mitochondrion. 
B)  produces no ATP. 
C)  has no connection with the respiratory chain. 
D)  is the same thing as fermentation. 
E)  reduces two molecules of NAD+ for every glucose molecule processed.

Question 17

The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a absorbs

Accepted Answer

A)  infrared light. 
B)  red and blue light. 
C)  X rays. 
D)  gamma rays. 
E)  white light. 
A)  infrared light. 
B)  red and blue light. 
C)  X rays. 
D)  gamma rays. 
E)  white light.

Question 18

The proton motive force is

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP synthase. 
B)  the proton concentration gradient and electric charge difference. 
C)  a metabolic pathway. 
D)  a redox reaction. 
E)  the movement of electrons across the membrane. 
A)  ATP synthase. 
B)  the proton concentration gradient and electric charge difference. 
C)  a metabolic pathway. 
D)  a redox reaction. 
E)  the movement of electrons across the membrane.

Question 19

In the absence of oxygen,cells capable of fermentation

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulate glucose. 
B)  no longer produce ATP. 
C)  accumulate pyruvate. 
D)  oxidize FAD. 
E)  oxidize NADH to produce NAD+. 
A)  accumulate glucose. 
B)  no longer produce ATP. 
C)  accumulate pyruvate. 
D)  oxidize FAD. 
E)  oxidize NADH to produce NAD+.

Question 20

The Calvin cycle uses _______ to produce glucose.

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  ATP 
C)  NADPH 
D)  rubisco 
E)  All of the above 
A)  CO2 
B)  ATP 
C)  NADPH 
D)  rubisco 
E)  All of the above

Exam 6: Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

In the citric acid cycle,oxidative steps are coupled to

A graph that plots the rate at which CO2 is converted to glucose versus the wavelength of light illuminating a leaf is called

A molecule that has an absorption spectrum showing maximum absorption within the wavelengths of visible light is

When a photon is absorbed by chlorophyll,

Photosynthesis is the process that uses light energy to extract hydrogen atoms from

The citric acid cycle begins with

The drug 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)destroys the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.What would be the effect of incubating isolated mitochondria in a solution of DNP?

During the fermentation of one molecule of glucose,the net production of ATP is _______ molecule(s).

Before starch can be used for respiratory ATP production,it must be hydrolyzed to

Which statement about NAD is true?

In alcoholic fermentation,NAD+ is produced during the

In all cells,glucose metabolism begins with

The NADPH required for 3PG reduction is formed

The respiratory chain

During CO2 fixation,CO2 combines with

Glycolysis

The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a absorbs

The proton motive force is

In the absence of oxygen,cells capable of fermentation

The Calvin cycle uses _______ to produce glucose.

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

A graph that plots the rate at which CO₂ is converted to glucose versus the wavelength of light illuminating a leaf is called

In alcoholic fermentation,NAD⁺ is produced during the

During CO₂ fixation,CO₂ combines with