Question 1

Which process can take place even without the presence of living cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmosis 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Facilitated diffusion 
A)  Osmosis 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Facilitated diffusion

Question 2

Most water moving through the apoplast from the soil into the stele first crosses a cell membrane in the cells of the

Accepted Answer

A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  tracheids. 
A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  tracheids.

Question 3

An aphid is found drinking sugars and amino acids from a melon plant.Its stylet must have entered the

Accepted Answer

A)  phloem. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  guard cells. 
A)  phloem. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  guard cells.

Question 4

The process of ion exchange is the means by which

Accepted Answer

A)  carbonic acid is added to soils. 
B)  positive ions are replaced by H+ on soil particles. 
C)  negative ions are incorporated into soils. 
D)  positive ions are replaced by negative ions on soil particles. 
E)  neutral atoms become ions in soils. 
A)  carbonic acid is added to soils. 
B)  positive ions are replaced by H+ on soil particles. 
C)  negative ions are incorporated into soils. 
D)  positive ions are replaced by negative ions on soil particles. 
E)  neutral atoms become ions in soils.

Question 5

Root nodules on plants of the legume family contain

Accepted Answer

A)  rhizobia. 
B)  Nitrosococcus bacteria. 
C)  cyanobacteria. 
D)  Pseudomonas bacteria. 
E)  Nitrobacter bacteria. 
A)  rhizobia. 
B)  Nitrosococcus bacteria. 
C)  cyanobacteria. 
D)  Pseudomonas bacteria. 
E)  Nitrobacter bacteria.

Question 6

Plants,which are mostly autotrophs,acquire carbon from

Accepted Answer

A)  the soil. 
B)  the air. 
C)  water. 
D)  the sun. 
E)  carbon-fixing prokaryotes. 
A)  the soil. 
B)  the air. 
C)  water. 
D)  the sun. 
E)  carbon-fixing prokaryotes.

Question 7

The mycorrhizal relationship allows a plant's roots to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the amount of soil than can be accessed for nutrients. 
B)  grow in nutrient-poor soils. 
C)  increase the amount of water that can be accessed. 
D)  avoid direct interaction with the soil. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  increase the amount of soil than can be accessed for nutrients. 
B)  grow in nutrient-poor soils. 
C)  increase the amount of water that can be accessed. 
D)  avoid direct interaction with the soil. 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

What characteristic of the parasitic witchweed (Striga)provides insights into its evolutionary history?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a holoparasite and cannot conduct photosynthesis. 
B)  Its range is in Africa. 
C)  It attacks corn,which humans have historically modified through breeding. 
D)  It responds to a molecule similar to the one that attracts mycorrhizal fungi to plants. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  It is a holoparasite and cannot conduct photosynthesis. 
B)  Its range is in Africa. 
C)  It attacks corn,which humans have historically modified through breeding. 
D)  It responds to a molecule similar to the one that attracts mycorrhizal fungi to plants. 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

Water enters the xylem tissue from surrounding root cells via

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  pressure pumping. 
E)  guttation. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  pressure pumping. 
E)  guttation.

Question 10

Cohesion is the tendency of water molecules to attract _______ molecules by means of _______ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  other water;covalent 
B)  other water;hydrogen 
C)  cellulose;covalent 
D)  cellulose;hydrogen 
E)  lignin;covalent 
A)  other water;covalent 
B)  other water;hydrogen 
C)  cellulose;covalent 
D)  cellulose;hydrogen 
E)  lignin;covalent

Question 11

K+ ions initiate stomatal closing by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport into the guard cells. 
B)  active transport out of the guard cells. 
C)  active transport from one guard cell to another. 
D)  diffusion into the guard cells. 
E)  diffusion out of the guard cells. 
A)  active transport into the guard cells. 
B)  active transport out of the guard cells. 
C)  active transport from one guard cell to another. 
D)  diffusion into the guard cells. 
E)  diffusion out of the guard cells.

Question 12

A plant cell placed in distilled water will

Accepted Answer

A)  expand until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
B)  become more turgid until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
C)  become less turgid until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
D)  become more turgid until the pressure potential of the cell reaches its solute potential. 
E)  become less turgid until the pressure potential of the cell reaches the outside water potential. 
A)  expand until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
B)  become more turgid until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
C)  become less turgid until the solute potential reaches that of the distilled water. 
D)  become more turgid until the pressure potential of the cell reaches its solute potential. 
E)  become less turgid until the pressure potential of the cell reaches the outside water potential.

Question 13

Nitrogen is typically present in plants in concentrations of 15 g/kg dry weight.Thus it is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  micronutrient. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  nonessential element. 
E)  mineral nutrient. 
A)  micronutrient. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  nonessential element. 
E)  mineral nutrient.

Question 14

In the absence of impermeable barriers,water in one area will move to an area of _______ water potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  equivalent 
B)  higher 
C)  lower 
D)  varying 
E)  decreasing 
A)  equivalent 
B)  higher 
C)  lower 
D)  varying 
E)  decreasing

Question 15

Which process or condition accounts for the movement of water upward through a narrow tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adhesion of water molecules to the tube via hydrogen bonding 
B)  Negative water potential in the xylem 
C)  Active transport of water molecules 
D)  Passive osmosis of water following ion movement 
E)  Pumping of water into the phloem 
A)  Adhesion of water molecules to the tube via hydrogen bonding 
B)  Negative water potential in the xylem 
C)  Active transport of water molecules 
D)  Passive osmosis of water following ion movement 
E)  Pumping of water into the phloem

Question 16

How do nitrogen-fixing microbes first become associated with their symbiotic plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are carried in the seed. 
B)  They move into the vascular system and multiply. 
C)  They move in via openings in the plant cell walls. 
D)  They enter via modified root hairs. 
E)  They enter root nodules previously produced by the plant. 
A)  They are carried in the seed. 
B)  They move into the vascular system and multiply. 
C)  They move in via openings in the plant cell walls. 
D)  They enter via modified root hairs. 
E)  They enter root nodules previously produced by the plant.

Question 17

Osmosis

Accepted Answer

A)  requires ATP. 
B)  results in the bursting of plant cells placed in pure water. 
C)  can cause a cell to become turgid. 
D)  proceeds independently of solute concentrations. 
E)  continues until the pressure potential equals the water potential. 
A)  requires ATP. 
B)  results in the bursting of plant cells placed in pure water. 
C)  can cause a cell to become turgid. 
D)  proceeds independently of solute concentrations. 
E)  continues until the pressure potential equals the water potential.

Question 18

The mycorrhizal relationship primarily increases the availability of _______ to plants.

Accepted Answer

A)  iron 
B)  nitrogen 
C)  potassium 
D)  zinc 
E)  phosphorus 
A)  iron 
B)  nitrogen 
C)  potassium 
D)  zinc 
E)  phosphorus

Question 19

If a corn plant lacks the micronutrient _______,it will not be able to complete synthesis of its chlorophyll.

Accepted Answer

A)  magnesium 
B)  sulfur 
C)  phosphorus 
D)  potassium 
E)  iron 
A)  magnesium 
B)  sulfur 
C)  phosphorus 
D)  potassium 
E)  iron

Question 20

Which of the following represents,in the correct order,the steps in a water molecule's path as it moves into and through a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Root $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  soil $\rightarrow$  leaf 
B)  Soil $\rightarrow$ root $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  leaf 
C)  Soil$\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$ stem $\rightarrow$ leaf $\rightarrow$  root 
D)  Xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  leaf $\rightarrow$  soil $\rightarrow$  root 
E)  Soil $\rightarrow$  root $\rightarrow$ stem $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$ 0 leaf 
A)  Root $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  soil $\rightarrow$  leaf 
B)  Soil $\rightarrow$ root $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  leaf 
C)  Soil$\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$ stem $\rightarrow$ leaf $\rightarrow$  root 
D)  Xylem $\rightarrow$  stem $\rightarrow$  leaf $\rightarrow$  soil $\rightarrow$  root 
E)  Soil $\rightarrow$  root $\rightarrow$ stem $\rightarrow$  xylem $\rightarrow$ 0 leaf

Exam 25: Plant Nutrition and Transport

Which process can take place even without the presence of living cells?

Most water moving through the apoplast from the soil into the stele first crosses a cell membrane in the cells of the

An aphid is found drinking sugars and amino acids from a melon plant.Its stylet must have entered the

The process of ion exchange is the means by which

Root nodules on plants of the legume family contain

Plants,which are mostly autotrophs,acquire carbon from

The mycorrhizal relationship allows a plant's roots to

What characteristic of the parasitic witchweed (Striga)provides insights into its evolutionary history?

Water enters the xylem tissue from surrounding root cells via

Cohesion is the tendency of water molecules to attract _______ molecules by means of _______ bonds.

K+ ions initiate stomatal closing by means of

A plant cell placed in distilled water will

Nitrogen is typically present in plants in concentrations of 15 g/kg dry weight.Thus it is classified as a(n)

In the absence of impermeable barriers,water in one area will move to an area of _______ water potential.

Which process or condition accounts for the movement of water upward through a narrow tube?

How do nitrogen-fixing microbes first become associated with their symbiotic plants?

Osmosis

The mycorrhizal relationship primarily increases the availability of _______ to plants.

If a corn plant lacks the micronutrient _______,it will not be able to complete synthesis of its chlorophyll.

Which of the following represents,in the correct order,the steps in a water molecule's path as it moves into and through a plant?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Cohesion is the tendency of water molecules to attract _ molecules by means of _ bonds.

K⁺ ions initiate stomatal closing by means of