Question 1

Micronutrients are _______ in concentration than macronutrients by a factor of at least _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher;100 
B)  lower;100 
C)  lower;10 
D)  higher;50 
E)  lower;50 
A)  higher;100 
B)  lower;100 
C)  lower;10 
D)  higher;50 
E)  lower;50

Question 2

Which statement about apoplasts and symplasts is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The symplast consists of the interconnected cytoplasm of living cells. 
B)  Water can enter the stele without entering the symplast. 
C)  The Casparian strip prevents water from moving between endodermal cells. 
D)  The endodermis is a cell layer in the cortex. 
E)  Water can move freely in the apoplast without entering cells. 
A)  The symplast consists of the interconnected cytoplasm of living cells. 
B)  Water can enter the stele without entering the symplast. 
C)  The Casparian strip prevents water from moving between endodermal cells. 
D)  The endodermis is a cell layer in the cortex. 
E)  Water can move freely in the apoplast without entering cells.

Question 3

Which is not used by plants to regulate their nutrient uptake?

Accepted Answer

A)  Specialized membrane transport systems 
B)  Casparian strip 
C)  A cuticle barrier 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Sodium-potassium pump 
A)  Specialized membrane transport systems 
B)  Casparian strip 
C)  A cuticle barrier 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Sodium-potassium pump

Question 4

The part of the root that is most important early on in the formation of a root nodule is the

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  root hair. 
A)  root cap. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  root hair.

Question 5

A newly discovered species of earthworm is found to spend most of its time in the C horizon.This is unusual,since other species tend to stay in the

Accepted Answer

A)  bedrock. 
B)  subsoil. 
C)  topsoil. 
D)  parent rock. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  bedrock. 
B)  subsoil. 
C)  topsoil. 
D)  parent rock. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 6

The water potential between the soil and atmosphere is _______ and is sufficient to maintain a water column as high as the tallest trees.

Accepted Answer

A)  weakly negative 
B)  strongly negative 
C)  positive 
D)  strongly positive 
E)  zero 
A)  weakly negative 
B)  strongly negative 
C)  positive 
D)  strongly positive 
E)  zero

Question 7

The advantage of adding organic fertilizers (as opposed to inorganic fertilizers)to soils is that organic fertilizers

Accepted Answer

A)  improve the structure of soil. 
B)  are available in specific nutrient formulas for specific problems. 
C)  allow for a more rapid increase in nutrients. 
D)  leach from soil. 
E)  add clay particles to the soil. 
A)  improve the structure of soil. 
B)  are available in specific nutrient formulas for specific problems. 
C)  allow for a more rapid increase in nutrients. 
D)  leach from soil. 
E)  add clay particles to the soil.

Question 8

The minerals required by plants in concentrations of less than 100 milligrams per kilogram of their dry matter are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The minerals required by plants in concentrations...

Question 9

Mineral nutrients enter the plant body directly from the soil by means of uptake

Accepted Answer

A)  through the roots. 
B)  by the leaves. 
C)  from digested food molecules. 
D)  into vascular tissue. 
E)  through the stems. 
A)  through the roots. 
B)  by the leaves. 
C)  from digested food molecules. 
D)  into vascular tissue. 
E)  through the stems.

Question 10

Which statement about mycorrhizal relationships is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arbuscules are the sites of nutrient exchange in the mycorrhizal relationship. 
B)  Arbuscular mycorrhizae represent the most common mutual relationship between plant roots and fungi. 
C)  Plant roots send signals to soil-borne fungi and those fungi in turn send signals to the roots. 
D)  The cytoplasm of the plant and fungal cells do not come into contact. 
E)  Plant roots form mycorrhizal relationships to fend off infection by harmful fungi. 
A)  Arbuscules are the sites of nutrient exchange in the mycorrhizal relationship. 
B)  Arbuscular mycorrhizae represent the most common mutual relationship between plant roots and fungi. 
C)  Plant roots send signals to soil-borne fungi and those fungi in turn send signals to the roots. 
D)  The cytoplasm of the plant and fungal cells do not come into contact. 
E)  Plant roots form mycorrhizal relationships to fend off infection by harmful fungi.

Question 11

Root nodulation is beneficial to plants because plants

Accepted Answer

A)  use the nodules as storehouses for nitrogen. 
B)  usually have limited nitrogen supplies. 
C)  benefit from the increased surface area provided by the nodules. 
D)  use the nodules to obtain phosphorus as well as nitrogen. 
E)  use the nodules to trap nitrogen-rich bacteria. 
A)  use the nodules as storehouses for nitrogen. 
B)  usually have limited nitrogen supplies. 
C)  benefit from the increased surface area provided by the nodules. 
D)  use the nodules to obtain phosphorus as well as nitrogen. 
E)  use the nodules to trap nitrogen-rich bacteria.

Question 12

A researcher uses aphid stylets to collect the phloem sap from 27 different families of flowering plants.The most commonly found sugar in the phloem is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  xylose. 
C)  sucrose. 
D)  ribulose. 
E)  ribose. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  xylose. 
C)  sucrose. 
D)  ribulose. 
E)  ribose.

Question 13

The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism explains how

Accepted Answer

A)  water is lost from leaf openings. 
B)  water is transported in the xylem. 
C)  water and minerals enter the root. 
D)  solutes are translocated within the phloem. 
E)  leaf epidermal cells minimize water loss. 
A)  water is lost from leaf openings. 
B)  water is transported in the xylem. 
C)  water and minerals enter the root. 
D)  solutes are translocated within the phloem. 
E)  leaf epidermal cells minimize water loss.

Question 14

Which structure is part of the apoplast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell wall 
B)  Cell membrane 
C)  Plasmodesmata 
D)  Cytoplasm 
E)  Vacuole 
A)  Cell wall 
B)  Cell membrane 
C)  Plasmodesmata 
D)  Cytoplasm 
E)  Vacuole

Question 15

Which element is a plant micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium 
B)  Sulfur 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Magnesium 
A)  Potassium 
B)  Sulfur 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Magnesium

Question 16

Which statement about arbuscules is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are an association between plants and fungi. 
B)  They expand the effective root area of plants and allow for more efficient water uptake. 
C)  They are a significant source of fixed nitrogen for plants. 
D)  They are a significant source of phosphorus for plants. 
E)  Most land plants have them. 
A)  They are an association between plants and fungi. 
B)  They expand the effective root area of plants and allow for more efficient water uptake. 
C)  They are a significant source of fixed nitrogen for plants. 
D)  They are a significant source of phosphorus for plants. 
E)  Most land plants have them.

Question 17

Which comes first in the uptake and transport of water on a sunny day: cohesion or tension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cohesion 
B)  Tension 
C)  Both;they are simultaneous. 
D)  Neither;adhesion can replace both. 
E)  Neither;adhesion prevents both. 
A)  Cohesion 
B)  Tension 
C)  Both;they are simultaneous. 
D)  Neither;adhesion can replace both. 
E)  Neither;adhesion prevents both.

Question 18

Which statement about phloem transport is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes place in sieve tubes. 
B)  It depends on mechanisms for loading solutes into the phloem at sources. 
C)  It requires metabolic energy. 
D)  A high pressure potential is maintained in the sieve tubes. 
E)  At sinks,solutes are actively transported into sieve tube elements. 
A)  It takes place in sieve tubes. 
B)  It depends on mechanisms for loading solutes into the phloem at sources. 
C)  It requires metabolic energy. 
D)  A high pressure potential is maintained in the sieve tubes. 
E)  At sinks,solutes are actively transported into sieve tube elements.

Question 19

Nitrogen-fixing rhizobia can associate with the roots of which common garden plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tomato 
B)  Lettuce 
C)  Celery 
D)  Pepper 
E)  Soybean 
A)  Tomato 
B)  Lettuce 
C)  Celery 
D)  Pepper 
E)  Soybean

Question 20

Although mistletoes are able to photosynthesize,they are considered to be hemiparasites because they

Accepted Answer

A)  cling to woody plants for physical support. 
B)  depend on other plants for water and minerals. 
C)  capture and digest insects. 
D)  have root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. 
E)  have nonfunctioning chlorophyll. 
A)  cling to woody plants for physical support. 
B)  depend on other plants for water and minerals. 
C)  capture and digest insects. 
D)  have root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. 
E)  have nonfunctioning chlorophyll.

Exam 25: Plant Nutrition and Transport

Micronutrients are _______ in concentration than macronutrients by a factor of at least _______.

Which statement about apoplasts and symplasts is false?

Which is not used by plants to regulate their nutrient uptake?

The part of the root that is most important early on in the formation of a root nodule is the

A newly discovered species of earthworm is found to spend most of its time in the C horizon.This is unusual,since other species tend to stay in the

The water potential between the soil and atmosphere is _______ and is sufficient to maintain a water column as high as the tallest trees.

The advantage of adding organic fertilizers (as opposed to inorganic fertilizers)to soils is that organic fertilizers

The minerals required by plants in concentrations of less than 100 milligrams per kilogram of their dry matter are called _______.

Mineral nutrients enter the plant body directly from the soil by means of uptake

Which statement about mycorrhizal relationships is false?

Root nodulation is beneficial to plants because plants

A researcher uses aphid stylets to collect the phloem sap from 27 different families of flowering plants.The most commonly found sugar in the phloem is likely to be

The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism explains how

Which structure is part of the apoplast?

Which element is a plant micronutrient?

Which statement about arbuscules is false?

Which comes first in the uptake and transport of water on a sunny day: cohesion or tension?

Which statement about phloem transport is false?

Nitrogen-fixing rhizobia can associate with the roots of which common garden plant?

Although mistletoes are able to photosynthesize,they are considered to be hemiparasites because they

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Micronutrients are _ in concentration than macronutrients by a factor of at least _.