Question 1

Which of the following phenomena is most likely to result in private acceptance of an idea or behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) normative social influence 
B) contagion 
C) informational social influence 
D) mass psychogenic illness

Question 2

The authors of your text suggest that there are two major motivations for people to conform,

Accepted Answer

A) not knowing what to do in a confusing situation and wishing to avoid ridicule and rejection. 
B) not knowing what to do in a confusing situation and seeking clear direction from an authority figure. 
C) wishing to avoid ridicule and rejection and hoping to attain power. 
D) not knowing what to do in a confusing situation and hoping to attain power.

Question 3

Recall that participants in a field experiment by Raymond Reno and his colleagues (1993)were more likely to properly dispose of a handbill left on their windshields when they saw a confederate pick up and dispose of a fast food bag.The researchers suggest that the role of the confederate in this study was to

Accepted Answer

A) let participants know what the descriptive norm was. 
B) let participants know what the injunctive norm was. 
C) make the norms salient to participants. 
D) provide an audience to increase self-awareness.

Question 4

According to the authors,in part because the experimental procedures were so ____,it was difficult for participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments to abandon the "Obey legitimate authority" norm in favor of the norm that says,"Do no harm."

Accepted Answer

A) time-consuming 
B) arousing 
C) fast-paced 
D) realistic

Question 5

Cultural norms in the United States place a great deal of emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A) conformity. 
B) cooperation. 
C) individuality. 
D) obedience to authority.

Question 6

The norm in your large psychology class is that students will remain quiet enough for others to hear the professor and one another during lectures and discussions.When you talk loudly to the person next to you and violate the "respect for others" norm,like the deviant in Stanley Schachter' s "Johnny Rocco" study,you can expect that your classmates will first

Accepted Answer

A) ignore you. 
B) ask you to be quiet. 
C) punish you with caustic comments. 
D) tell you to sit someplace else during the next class meeting.

Question 7

Recall that in a study by Baron et al.(1996),participants were asked to select perpetrators after a lineup in conditions of high ambiguity; the perpetrator wore different clothing in the lineup than in the original photo,and the slides were shown very quickly.Recall also that some participants were told that the task was one that was being normed for use by the police department and were offered $20 if they were the most accurate,while others were told that it was just a laboratory task under development.This study demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) the more important it was to the participants to be accurate,the more they conformed to other group members' answers. 
B) the more important it was to participants to be accurate,the less they conformed to other group members' answers. 
C) when the task was more important,people conformed more but their self-esteem decreased. 
D) people were more resistant to influence in this study than in the Sherif study because of the greater degree of mundane realism.

Question 8

Whereas ____ is the vehicle by which women learn what is attractive, ____ is the source of women's attempts to attain the ideal body.

Accepted Answer

A) punishments; rewards 
B) informational influence; normative influence 
C) normative influence; informational influence 
D) rewards; punishments

Question 9

Informational social influence occurs because

Accepted Answer

A) individuals have a need to belong and be liked. 
B) social norms encourage cooperation. 
C) others' behaviors serve as cues in ambiguous situations. 
D) others can reward or punish us for nonconformity.

Question 10

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957)found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited ____,not ____,during the standard experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) public compliance; private acceptance 
B) private acceptance; public compliance 
C) logical reasoning; mindless conformity 
D) mindless conformity; logical reasoning

Question 11

During a drought,Lynne noticed that all of her neighbors had stopped watering their lawns even though there were no laws against it.Lynne was following a ____ norm when she let her lawn turn brown,too.

Accepted Answer

A) descriptive 
B) proscriptive 
C) objective 
D) productive

Question 12

____ is defined as "the deliberate,systematic attempt to shape perceptions,manipulate cognitions,and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the communicator."

Accepted Answer

A) Propaganda 
B) Persuasion 
C) Conformity 
D) Influence

Question 13

Recall that Muzafer Sherif (1936)used the autokinetic effect to measure participants' estimates of the apparent movement of a stationary spot of light.In what sense did Sherif's findings illustrate informational social influence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Muzafer Sherif (1936)used the autokinetic...

Question 14

Leslie keeps getting harassing,put-down messages on her phone and Facebook page from a group of kids at her school.Leslie is being

Accepted Answer

A) ostracized. 
B) socially normed. 
C) cyberbullied. 
D) e-dissed.

Question 15

Because of the societal pressures to be very thin,there is a so-called epidemic of eating disorders.Compared to females who developed eating disorders in the past,those who develop eating disorders today tend to be

Accepted Answer

A) younger: aged twelve and thirteen. 
B) heavier: about 20 percent overweight initially. 
C) more easily influenced by their parents. 
D) relying more heavily on starvation diets.

Question 16

Which situation below best exemplifies the tenet of social impact theory that strength is directly related to conformity?

Accepted Answer

A) When eating with strangers,Suzie will talk with her mouth full,but not when eating with her friends. 
B) When Adam is with his "slacker" friends,he doesn't take school seriously; when he's at home alone,he studies for hours on end. 
C) When Jason's friends use subtle influence attempts,he conforms; when they use coercive tactics,he resists them. 
D) One-on-one,Melissa will talk a blue streak,but when she's in a group,she's very quiet.

Question 17

According to your text,our construals of the concept "conformity" are shaped by

Accepted Answer

A) personality differences. 
B) social psychologists. 
C) our cultural self-image. 
D) situational pressures.

Question 18

According to Bibb Latané's (1981)social impact theory,people are most likely to conform when

Accepted Answer

A) the group is small. 
B) the group size reaches four or five. 
C) the group is diverse. 
D) the group is dispersed throughout a wide area.

Question 19

Consider the following (edited)excerpt from a James Thurber New Yorker piece: "Suddenly someone began to run.It may be that he had simply remembered...an engagement to meet his wife,for which he was now frightfully late.Whatever it was,he ran east on Broad Street.Somebody else began to run,perhaps a newsboy in high spirits....Another man broke into a trot A loud mumble gradually crystallized into the dread word 'dam.' 'The dam has broke!' The fear was put into words by a little old lady in an electric car,or by a traffic cop,or by a small boy: Nobody knows who....Two thousand people were abruptly in full flight.…" This literary excerpt illustrates the phenomenon known as

Accepted Answer

A) conversion. 
B) mass psychogenic panic. 
C) collective psychosis. 
D) contagion.

Question 20

Believing that others are right is to ____ as conforming without believing is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) public compliance; private acceptance 
B) private acceptance; autokinetic effect 
C) private acceptance: public compliance 
D) public compliance; autokinetic effect

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Which of the following phenomena is most likely to result in private acceptance of an idea or behavior?

The authors of your text suggest that there are two major motivations for people to conform,

According to the authors,in part because the experimental procedures were so ____,it was difficult for participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments to abandon the "Obey legitimate authority" norm in favor of the norm that says,"Do no harm."

Cultural norms in the United States place a great deal of emphasis on

Whereas is the vehicle by which women learn what is attractive, is the source of women's attempts to attain the ideal body.

Informational social influence occurs because

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957) found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited ,not ,during the standard experiment.

During a drought,Lynne noticed that all of her neighbors had stopped watering their lawns even though there were no laws against it.Lynne was following a ____ norm when she let her lawn turn brown,too.

____ is defined as "the deliberate,systematic attempt to shape perceptions,manipulate cognitions,and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the communicator."

Recall that Muzafer Sherif (1936)used the autokinetic effect to measure participants' estimates of the apparent movement of a stationary spot of light.In what sense did Sherif's findings illustrate informational social influence?

Leslie keeps getting harassing,put-down messages on her phone and Facebook page from a group of kids at her school.Leslie is being

Because of the societal pressures to be very thin,there is a so-called epidemic of eating disorders.Compared to females who developed eating disorders in the past,those who develop eating disorders today tend to be

Which situation below best exemplifies the tenet of social impact theory that strength is directly related to conformity?

According to your text,our construals of the concept "conformity" are shaped by

According to Bibb Latané's (1981) social impact theory,people are most likely to conform when

Believing that others are right is to as conforming without believing is to .

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Which of the following phenomena is most likely to result in private acceptance of an idea or behavior?

The authors of your text suggest that there are two major motivations for people to conform,

According to the authors,in part because the experimental procedures were so ____,it was difficult for participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments to abandon the "Obey legitimate authority" norm in favor of the norm that says,"Do no harm."

Cultural norms in the United States place a great deal of emphasis on

Whereas ____ is the vehicle by which women learn what is attractive, ____ is the source of women's attempts to attain the ideal body.

Informational social influence occurs because

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957) found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited ____,not ____,during the standard experiment.

During a drought,Lynne noticed that all of her neighbors had stopped watering their lawns even though there were no laws against it.Lynne was following a ____ norm when she let her lawn turn brown,too.

____ is defined as "the deliberate,systematic attempt to shape perceptions,manipulate cognitions,and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the communicator."

Recall that Muzafer Sherif (1936)used the autokinetic effect to measure participants' estimates of the apparent movement of a stationary spot of light.In what sense did Sherif's findings illustrate informational social influence?

Leslie keeps getting harassing,put-down messages on her phone and Facebook page from a group of kids at her school.Leslie is being

Because of the societal pressures to be very thin,there is a so-called epidemic of eating disorders.Compared to females who developed eating disorders in the past,those who develop eating disorders today tend to be

Which situation below best exemplifies the tenet of social impact theory that strength is directly related to conformity?

According to your text,our construals of the concept "conformity" are shaped by

According to Bibb Latané's (1981) social impact theory,people are most likely to conform when

Believing that others are right is to ____ as conforming without believing is to ____.

Whereas is the vehicle by which women learn what is attractive, is the source of women's attempts to attain the ideal body.

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957) found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited ,not ,during the standard experiment.

Believing that others are right is to as conforming without believing is to .