Question 1

Labeling people as "gang members" or "mental patients" tends to

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitate actively thinking about a particular group. 
B)  cause dishabituation. 
C)  distort perceptions. 
D)  lead to more accuate categorizations.

Question 2

Parapsychologists believe the "decline effect" shows

Accepted Answer

A)  the consistency of positive results and adds credibility to the existence of ESP. 
B)  a run of luck. 
C)  cheating by participants. 
D)  that parapsychological skills are very fragile.

Question 3

The problem with giving so much weight to eyewitness testimony in court is that

Accepted Answer

A)  judges are reluctant to use it. 
B)  juries rarely believe the eyewitness. 
C)  reconstructions of events are deliberately altered. 
D)  it is frequently wrong.

Question 4

The illusion that railroad tracks come together in the distance involves the depth cue of

Accepted Answer

A)  atmospheric perspective. 
B)  texture gradients. 
C)  light and shadow. 
D)  linear perspective.

Question 5

The purported ability to perceive events or gain information in ways that appear unaffected by distance or normal physical barriers is called

Accepted Answer

A)  clairvoyance. 
B)  psychokinesis. 
C)  telepathy. 
D)  precognition.

Question 6

In your textbook is an illusion that consists of two white lines placed across railroad tracks that converge in the distance.Although the two white lines are equal in length,the upper line will look longer because it appears to be farther away than the lower line.This illusion called the Ponzo illusion can be used to explain the

Accepted Answer

A)  moon illusion. 
B)  Necker's cube. 
C)  pyramid illusion. 
D)  Ames room.

Question 7

In general,learning tends to create

Accepted Answer

A)  dishabituation. 
B)  stereoscopic vision. 
C)  habitual revision. 
D)  perceptual habits.

Question 8

The pictorial depth cue regarding objects placed closer to the horizon line being perceived as more distant is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  linear perspective. 
B)  texture gradients. 
C)  height in the picture plane. 
D)  interposition.

Question 9

Five-year-old Jay drew a picture of an Easter bunny hiding eggs.He drew a small bunny at the top of the page as if the bunny is hopping away from the large multicolored egg at the bottom of the page.Jay has used which two pictorial cues?

Accepted Answer

A)  light and shadow and relative size 
B)  relative size and height in the picture plan 
C)  the motion parallax and aerial perspective 
D)  texture gradients and interposition

Question 10

When you are traveling in a wide open space with clean air,very distant mountains often appear to be closer than they really are.This occurrence is due to a decrease in

Accepted Answer

A)  linear perspective. 
B)  aerial perspective. 
C)  relative size. 
D)  relative motion.

Question 11

Research conducted by Chua,Boland,and Nisbett found that American participants tended to focus on the figure within a scene,while the Chinese participants focused on the background.They concluded that the Chinese tend to have a

Accepted Answer

A)  broader focus of attention. 
B)  narrow focus of attention. 
C)  shorter attention span. 
D)  longer attention span.

Question 12

Attention is focused by

Accepted Answer

A)  intense or shocking stimuli. 
B)  subliminal stimuli. 
C)  figure-ground relationships. 
D)  sequential stimuli.

Question 13

The perception of space and depth caused chiefly by the fact that the eyes receive different images is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation. 
B)  convergence. 
C)  inverted vision. 
D)  stereoscopic vision.

Question 14

By looking out a window and moving your head from side to side,one can demonstrate relative motion with which type of objects appearing to move a sizable distnace as your head moves?

Accepted Answer

A)  small objects 
B)  large objects 
C)  nearby objects 
D)  distant objects

Question 15

In Edgar Mitchell's telepathy experiment in space,the below-average trials of his receivers were

Accepted Answer

A)  acknowledged as "failures" and evidence that psi abilities do not exist. 
B)  reinterpreted as "successes" and represented intentional "psi missing." 
C)  found to be caused by the vacuum of space inhibiting psi abilities. 
D)  classified as a rare run of luck.

Question 16

A perceptual hypothesis that we are likely to apply to a stimulus,even if applying it is inappropriate is called

Accepted Answer

A)  dishabituation. 
B)  a perceptual expectancy. 
C)  reality testing. 
D)  extrasensory perception.

Question 17

If you were asked to look at an advertisement of various shops on a city street,and you saw an octopus sitting on a bench near the curb in front of one of the shops,you would most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  show inattentional blindness to the octopus. 
B)  look longer at the octopus because it was an unexpected object. 
C)  look a shorter time at the octopus because it was out-of-place in the advertisement. 
D)  look the same length of time to each object in the advertisement, regardless of whether it was an expected or unexpected object.

Question 18

One of the tools director James Cameron developed especially for his 3-D film Avatar was a stereoscopic camera that creates a sensation of depth by simulating

Accepted Answer

A)  inverted vision. 
B)  visual accommodation. 
C)  convergence. 
D)  retinal disparity.

Question 19

You are low on gas and you see a sign saying "FUEL AHEAD." However,as you draw closer to the sign,you realize it actually says "FOOD AHEAD." This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive bias. 
B)  perceptual deficit. 
C)  perceptual expectancy. 
D)  sane hallucination.

Question 20

Recent experiments on eyewitness testimony have shown that the relationship between a person's confidence in his or her testimony and its accuracy

Accepted Answer

A)  depends upon whether the witness is male or female. 
B)  depends upon whether the witness has at least a high school education. 
C)  has almost no relationship. 
D)  is more suspect for children than for adults.

Exam 4: C: Sensation and Perception