Question 1

Melinda fails a test because she chose to go to a party over the weekend rather than studying.However,Melinda tells everyone she failed the test because the teacher is "too hard" and "does not like me." Thus,the real source of Melinda's frustration is

Accepted Answer

A)   external, while she perceives the frustration to be personal.
B)   personal, while she perceives the frustration to be external.
C)   due to pressure, although she thinks she is having an approach-avoidance conflict.
D)   nonsocial, while she thinks it is social. B

Question 2

The most costly event on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale is

Accepted Answer

A)   being fired from work.
B)   the death of spouse.
C)   a pregnancy.
D)   a jail term. B

Question 3

A very aggressive person may find social acceptance as a professional soldier,a greedy person may channel this urge into becoming a successful business person,and a person that tends to lie may rechannel this unacceptable impulse into creative writing.All of these are examples of which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   sublimation
B)   projection
C)   reaction formation
D)   compensation A

Question 4

Mary tends to see her own shortcomings,such as her bad temper,and her unacceptable aggressive impulses in others.She believes that others intentionally provoke her to anger,and that it is these other people who are the aggressors,not her.Mary is using which defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)   regression
B)   repression
C)   reaction formation
D)   projection

Question 5

A professional athlete who attributes his or her poor performance to family responsibilities rather than admit poor preparation for the game is using

Accepted Answer

A)   denial.
B)   compensation.
C)   protection.
D)   rationalization.

Question 6

Which psychologists have identified various defense mechanisms that allow us to reduce anxiety caused by stressful situations or our own shortcomings?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   behavioral
C)   humanistic
D)   social learning

Question 7

Compensation and sublimation are

Accepted Answer

A)   the two types of rationalization.
B)   generally considered to be positive defense mechanisms.
C)   part of a natural tendency to justify one's behavior.
D)   maladaptive because they serve to maintain an unrealistic self-image.

Question 8

Frustration usually increases when which of the following aspects of a blocked motive increases?

Accepted Answer

A)   its strength
B)   its urgency
C)   its importance
D)   all of these aspects

Question 9

Habitual and often unconscious psychological strategies used to reduce anxiety are called

Accepted Answer

A)   stress management techniques.
B)   biofeedback.
C)   defense mechanisms.
D)   depersonalization techniques.

Question 10

Although Greg tends to be "invisible" to his fellow classmates,he spends a great deal of his class time daydreaming about being the most popular student at school with lots of friends.Greg is using the defense mechanism known as

Accepted Answer

A)   compensation.
B)   rationalization.
C)   fantasy.
D)   intellectualization.

Question 11

"Helpless" animals display all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   increased activity.
B)   lowered aggression.
C)   blunted appetite.
D)   loss of sex drive.

Question 12

Jerry's doctor informed him that he found Jerry's SRRS to be quite high,which indicates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   great deal of satisfaction in his life.
B)   increased chance that he will contract an illness.
C)   high rate of depression.
D)   a high need to achieve.

Question 13

Individuals use psychological defense mechanisms in order to

Accepted Answer

A)   aid one's understanding of self.
B)   prevent psychosomatic illnesses.
C)   reduce depersonalization.
D)   reduce anxiety.

Question 14

Penny's college roommate borrows clothes without asking,rarely contributes to the snacks in the fridge,and teases Penny constantly in front of others in the dorm.Although deep down Penny has come to really dislike her roommate,on the surface she acts as if they are best friends.It is likely that Penny is using the defense mechanism known as

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction formation.
B)   sublimation.
C)   projection.
D)   displacement.

Question 15

The concept of hope is related to mastery training because it

Accepted Answer

A)   combats learned helplessness.
B)   relies on primary appraisal.
C)   relies on reaction formation.
D)   reverses the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 16

Janae is typing her term paper on her computer.Then,a bold line appears within her paragraph.Janae tries several maneuvers to delete the line but to no avail.She then clicks on the help menu to look up how to fix the problem.At this point,Janae is dealing with her frustrations through all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   persistence.
B)   variability.
C)   circumvention.
D)   displacement.

Question 17

Sandra desperately wants to join her friends on a European excursion,but the trip is so expensive she is having trouble deciding whether to go or not.Sandra is experiencing a(n)__________ conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)   approach-avoidance
B)   approach-approach
C)   avoidance-avoidance
D)   double appraisal

Question 18

To immunize people against learned helplessness and depression,the famous Outward Bound schools utilize

Accepted Answer

A)   simulated regression.
B)   intellectualization.
C)   biofeedback.
D)   mastery training.

Question 19

Two defense mechanisms that have a decidedly more positive quality than the other mechanisms are

Accepted Answer

A)   rationalization and intellectualization.
B)   intellectualization and projection.
C)   compensation and sublimation.
D)   fantasy and reaction formation.

Question 20

Which defense mechanism involves separating emotion from a threatening or anxiety-provoking situation by talking or thinking about it in impersonal terms?

Accepted Answer

A)   compensation
B)   rationalization
C)   intellectualization
D)   fantasy

Exam 13: B: Health,stress,and Coping