Question 1

Eastern societies emphasize the importance of cooperation over individuality.The reverse tends to be true in Western societies.These findings would be of primary interest to which group of psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  community 
C)  forensic 
D)  comparative

Question 2

Dr.Dauphine has been studying consistent trends in how males and females have selected their mates throughout the long history of humankind.Dr.Dauphine is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary 
B)  developmental 
C)  personality 
D)  comparative

Question 3

Questions about the opinions and behavior of large groups of people are often best answered using the __________ method.

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical 
B)  correlational 
C)  survey 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 4

You want to test people's reactions to a new artificial sweetener,and so you give them coffee with two different kinds of sweetener.Although you know which sweetener is which,you don't let them know which sweetener is the one they're getting.This type of experiment is called a __________ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind 
B)  single-blind 
C)  placebo effect 
D)  placebo bias

Question 5

Jessica earned a master's degree and then spent two years being supervised as she helped clients solve problems with their jobs and families.Jessica is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychiatrist. 
B)  psychoanalyst. 
C)  licensed counselor. 
D)  licensed psychiatric advisor.

Question 6

Aaron earned a Psy.D.This means that he will most likely be

Accepted Answer

A)  employed by a university as a psychological researcher and professor. 
B)  conducting therapy at a community mental health clinic. 
C)  prescribing medication to severely disturbed patients. 
D)  visiting patients' homes to evaluate family and living conditions.

Question 7

Regarding the profession of psychology,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Real psychologists follow an ethical code that stresses respect for people's privacy, dignity, confidentiality, and welfare. 
B)  If a person calls himself or herself a "therapist," he or she must have a license issued by a state examining board. 
C)  Movies have featured psychologists who were more disturbed than their patients or who followed unethical practices. 
D)  The word "shrink" is actually a slang term that refers only to psychiatrists.

Question 8

You are conducting an experiment to determine if listening to music improves learning.If there was no difference between the test performance of the experimental and control
Groups,then we can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  extraneous variables were not controlled. 
B)  the two groups were not randomly assigned. 
C)  listening to music improved learning. 
D)  listening to music had no effect on learning.

Question 9

Juanita is conducting research to find which light and sound intensity levels are best used in helping to calm drug-addicted newborns.Her research would be considered __________ research.

Accepted Answer

A)  applied 
B)  basic 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  comparative

Question 10

When a psychologist draws and utilizes aspects from many different psychological theories and approaches,we say that the psychologist is

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic-behavioral. 
B)  a functionalist. 
C)  a structuralist. 
D)  eclectic.

Question 11

Rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups are called

Accepted Answer

A)  social norms. 
B)  cultural laws. 
C)  universal norms. 
D)  cultural relational behaviors.

Question 12

Applied research is best defined as research done

Accepted Answer

A)  to find solutions to specific problems. 
B)  to seek knowledge for its own sake. 
C)  intuitively rather than systematically. 
D)  with lower animals to avoid ethical issues.

Question 13

Connie's job as a psychologist involves the use of psychological testing for the vocational counseling of students as well as to detect and treat learning disabilities.Connie is most likely a __________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  comparative 
C)  school 
D)  clinical

Question 14

A formal trial undertaken to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about the cause of behavior is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  survey. 
C)  case study. 
D)  experiment.

Question 15

In an experiment to determine if meditation increases mental concentration,the group who would NOT meditate would be the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  control

Question 16

Sandra claims that Antoine's anxiety originates from unresolved sexual conflicts residing in his unconscious.Sandra's interpretation of Antoine's condition is consistent with the __________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioristic 
B)  humanistic 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  cognitive

Question 17

Regarding the information provided by the nonexperimental methods,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The case study method allows the investigation of rare or unusual problems or events. 
B)  The correlational method allows us to predict behavior. 
C)  The findings from naturalistic observations allow us to describe behavior. 
D)  The survey method is used to establish cause-and-effect relationships regarding human behavior.

Question 18

Dr.Maxwell is conducting research to determine how a person's subjective well-being is affected by his or her goals,choices,values,emotions,and personality.Dr.Maxwell's research would fit under which psychological approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorism 
B)  psychodynamic theory 
C)  positive psychology 
D)  Gestalt principles of perception

Question 19

The dependent variable is the one that is

Accepted Answer

A)  manipulated. 
B)  prevented from affecting the outcome of the experiment. 
C)  revealed by measures of performance. 
D)  also called the treatment.

Question 20

Before one can receive specialized training in Freudian psychoanalysis and become a psychoanalyst,one must first

Accepted Answer

A)  have an M.D.or Ph.D. 
B)  be able to prescribe drugs. 
C)  earn a Psy.D.and become a licensed counselor. 
D)  have completed two years of supervised counseling experience in an institutional setting.

Exam 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods