Question 1

Understanding what brain regions are involved in experiencing the emotions operates at the ____________ level of analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) biological 
B) psychological 
C) environmental 
D) sociocultural

Question 2

Which of these is NOT the benefit of critical thinking in helping us avoid many negative outcomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Spending money and energy on bogus therapies 
B) Basing important decisions on fortune tellers' bogus advice 
C) Using 'educational' toys for children that have not shown to be educational 
D) Taking a passive role about the world around us

Question 3

A social psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Measurement and analysis of deviant behaviour 
B) Study all aspects of social behaviour 
C) Examine biological foundations of behaviour 
D) Diagnose and treat emotional disorders

Question 4

A radical behaviourist is having a debate with a cognitive behaviourist. On which of the following topics are they likely to disagree the most?

Accepted Answer

A) Responses are more likely to continue if they are rewarded. 
B) Behaviours are automatically stamped in or stamped out. 
C) Responses are less likely to continue if they are punished. 
D) The laws of learning apply to all organisms.

Question 5

The statement, "the whole is greater than, and often very different from, the sum of its parts," is most likely from which school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt psychology 
B) Functionalism 
C) Structuralism 
D) Evolutionary Psychology

Question 6

Keri has always had a strong desire to paint. Her parents insist she go to college rather than the art school she wishes to attend. Her therapist, who is aligned with the humanistic perspective believes

Accepted Answer

A) Keri will learn to appreciate a more lucrative career path in college 
B) Keri will become frustrated with college and not be able to fulfill herself 
C) Keri will forget about painting and learn a new skill as she experiences new things 
D) Keri will be successful in college and will appreciate her parents' advice

Question 7

Steve has been feeling depressed lately and decides to visit a psychologist, Dr. Katz, for some assistance. After learning that Steve's relationship with his girlfriend recently ended, Dr. Katz begins to think that perhaps Steve's depression has been caused by this recently ended relationship. Dr. Katz's speculations are most similar to which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Description 
B) Understanding 
C) Prediction 
D) Control

Question 8

The behavioural psychological perspective typically operates at the environmental level of analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

We have often heard of the myth that we only use 10% of our brain. Why might we be convinced that this is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Brain scans reveal that only 10% of the brain is active at any given time. 
B) There are no neurotransmitters in much of the brain. 
C) We have only mapped about 10% of the brain. 
D) A great deal of cortex can be removed with only a small loss of function. 
E) We share 10% of our cortex with lower animals.

Question 10

Early researchers in psychology who believed that the mind could be studied by breaking it down into its basic components as a chemist might break down a complex chemical compound followed which school of thought?

Accepted Answer

A) Dualism 
B) Psychoanalysis 
C) Functionalism 
D) Structuralism

Question 11

Psychologists try to establish principles that apply to all people. But this is not always the case. The principles vary. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychologists forget to account for biological factors. 
B) Basic research cannot provide stable principles. 
C) Applied research is never adequately controlled. 
D) Cognitive psychology does not address the issue of thoughts. 
E) Our experience of the world is subjective.

Question 12

Professor Jean Piaget is best known for his research in which area?

Accepted Answer

A) His work on artificial intelligence 
B) How irrational thought patterns contribute to emotional problems 
C) The cognitive development of children 
D) Evolutionary psychology

Question 13

Imagine that you are renovating your kitchen. You begin by deciding on all of the individual features you want, reasoning that if you choose the best option in each category (appliances, cabinets, tiles, etc.) it will result in the best possible kitchen for you. Your friend suggests it is important to consider how all the individual pieces come together because some things work better/worse than others in combination (e.g. a large dining room table may not work well without a large enough kitchen). This idea relates to a phrase that is commonly associated with which school of thought?

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic 
B) behavioural 
C) cognitive 
D) humanistic 
E) gestalt

Question 14

Li-Jun and colleagues examined how language and culture can affect performance on a sorting task. Their research suggests that our unique learning histories can be shaped by the culture we are raised in. This example demonstrates how the _______ and the _____ perspectives can interact to clarify our understanding.

Accepted Answer

A) biological; sociocultural 
B) behavioural; humanist 
C) sociocultural; humanist 
D) sociocultural; behavioural

Question 15

Human behaviour can be better understood by studying the behaviour of other animal species is the hallmark to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) British empiricism 
B) Structuralism 
C) Darwin's theory of evolution 
D) Gestalt psychology

Question 16

Dr. Kohler is a developmental psychologist who is concerned with some problems in the area of youth sport, such as overly critical coaches and children with poor self-esteem. He conducts research in which coaches are observed during games and children are interviewed about their attitudes toward their sport and their coaches. The results from these observations are then used to create an education program designed to change coaching behaviour and to help increase the self-esteem of the children they coach. Dr. Kohler's research is best characterized as

Accepted Answer

A) basic research 
B) dualistic research 
C) applied research 
D) functional research

Question 17

To explain cognitive processes in psychology to a friend, Samira uses a computer metaphor, saying the brain takes information in, processes it, stores it, and retrieves it. This same metaphor was used by scientists in the 1950s, 60s, and 70s, a time that is sometimes referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) the Victorian era. 
B) the positive psychology movement. 
C) social constructivism. 
D) the cognitive revolution. 
E) the rise of behaviourism.

Question 18

This perspective arose from philosophical schools that emphasized free will, innate tendencies toward growth, and the attempt to find meaning in one's existence

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural 
B) behavioural 
C) humanistic 
D) cognitive

Question 19

Professor Janis considers humans as reactors to the environment. Which of the major perspectives Professor Janis follow?

Accepted Answer

A) Behavioural 
B) Humanistic 
C) Biological 
D) Psychodynamic 
E) Cognitive

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a good test-taking strategy as recommended in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) For essays, organize your answer before writing. 
B) As you read a multiple-choice question, try to answer it at first without looking at the alternatives. 
C) Never change an answer on a multiple-choice test. 
D) Use your time wisely and track your progress. 
E) Eliminate those alternatives that you can rule out immediately and choose from the rest.

Exam 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour