Question 1

Early studies on brain mechanisms in learning in biological psychology were conducted by Franz and Lashley. When studying animals, Franz and Lashley detected a ________________ correlation between loss of cortex and loss of function.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive
B)  negative
C)  no
D)  normal C

Question 2

What is the positive psychology movement? Explain how it is a good example of taking a humanist perspective.

Accepted Answer

The positive psychology movement is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study and promotion of positive emotions, strengths, and virtues that contribute to a fulfilling and meaningful life. It seeks to understand and cultivate the factors that lead to happiness, well-being, and flourishing in individuals and communities.

This movement is a good example of taking a humanist perspective because it emphasizes the importance of human potential, growth, and self-actualization. Humanism in psychology emphasizes the inherent worth and dignity of individuals, and positive psychology aligns with this by focusing on the positive aspects of human experience and behavior. It encourages individuals to strive for their full potential and to lead meaningful and fulfilling lives.

Positive psychology also emphasizes the importance of personal agency and the ability of individuals to shape their own lives. This aligns with humanist principles that emphasize the importance of personal responsibility and the capacity for self-improvement and growth.

Overall, the positive psychology movement embodies a humanist perspective by focusing on the positive aspects of human experience, emphasizing personal agency and growth, and promoting the well-being and flourishing of individuals and communities.

Question 3

This psychological perspective focuses on how culture is transmitted to its members and on the similarities of and the differences between people from diverse cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural psychology
B)  Biological psychology
C)  Evolutionary psychology
D)  Humanistic A

Question 4

The cognitive perspective is really an extension of

Accepted Answer

A)  the psychoanalytic perspective
B)  the behavioural perspective
C)  the humanistic perspective
D)  the Gestalt perspective
E)  the sociobiological perspective

Question 5

According to the text, one of the most important differences between any two cultures from a psychological perspective is the extent to which they are

Accepted Answer

A)  capitalistic or communistic
B)  rural or industrialized
C)  individualistic or collectivistic
D)  materially-oriented or achievement-oriented

Question 6

Professor Janis considers humans as animals-a collection of chemicals and structures. Which of the major perspectives does Professor Janis follow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioural
B)  Humanistic
C)  Biological
D)  Psychodynamic
E)  Cognitive

Question 7

Applied research seeks

Accepted Answer

A)  knowledge for its own sake
B)  to solve a specific, practical problem
C)  to demonstrate that psychological interventions are cost-effective
D)  to develop interdisciplinary ties with other areas

Question 8

Susan is attending a seminar on stress management. The psychologist leading the seminar states that, "most stress is caused by irrational thinking and the negative ways that we judge various situations." The psychologist's comment most closely resembles which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Description
B)  Understanding
C)  Prediction
D)  Control

Question 9

What are the potential costs of uncritical thinking and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the potential costs of uncritical...

Question 10

Your friend Tomas wants to continue in psychology and his goal is to help people with issues of personal adjustment and career planning. Which specialty area of psychology would you recommend to Tomas for continued study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clinical
B)  Social
C)  Personality
D)  Counselling
E)  Cultural

Question 11

Research looking at the effectiveness of different study techniques found that in general, study techniques

Accepted Answer

A)  made no difference in students' memory capacity
B)  increased students' memory capacity by about 10 percent
C)  increased students' memory capacity by about 20 percent
D)  decreased students' memory capacity by about 20 percent

Question 12

Which of these effects of stress reflect examples that would be likely to be studied from the psychological level of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  change in heart rate
B)  change in sweating
C)  concerns about making a mistake
D)  genetic susceptibility to stress
E)  all of these options reflect effects that would be likely to be studied at the psychological level of analysis

Question 13

The perspective that emphasizes the environmental control of actions through learning is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviourism
B)  constructivism
C)  humanism
D)  psychodynamic

Question 14

Professor Johnson does research on mathematical models of behaviour. Most likely, we would describe her as a(n) ___________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  clinical
B)  social
C)  developmental
D)  cultural
E)  quantitative

Question 15

What does gestalt mean? How does this meaning relate to the goals and findings of Gestalt psychology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does gestalt mean? How does this...

Question 16

A researcher is interested in exploring the nature of attention and consciousness as well as how unconscious processes influence behaviour. This researcher takes what type of perspective in the study of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychodynamic
B)  Functionalist
C)  Behaviourist
D)  Cognitive

Question 17

A psychologist who believes that the focus of psychology is not inner mental events but observable actions is most likely associated with which psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive
B)  Biological
C)  Behavioural
D)  Sociocultural

Question 18

Summarize the research by Li-Jun Ji and colleagues comparing bilingual students?? who spoke both English and Chinese, on a sorting task. How does the study blend the behavioural with the sociocultural perspective?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize the research by Li-Jun Ji and...

Question 19

Two people experience a violent earthquake. One person is mildly fazed by this event and copes well with it. The other person, who has a biological predisposition to anxiety, becomes very stressed after the event, has difficulty coping with it, and eventually gets ill. Because the effect of the earthquake differed, depending on whether the person had the predisposition of anxiety or not, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  introspection
B)  an interaction
C)  insight
D)  the biological level of analysis

Question 20

The scientific study of the influence of genetic factors on behavioural tendencies is called

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic behaviourism
B)  behaviour genetics
C)  sociogenetics
D)  sociobiology

Exam 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour