Question 1

Summarize the four features of most AIDS prevention projects and the outcomes of a program directed at homosexual men. How do cultural factors influence outcomes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize the four features of most AIDS...

Question 2

Stronger religious beliefs are generally ________.

Accepted Answer

A) good for physical health 
B) bad for physical health 
C) unrelated to physical health 
D) mixed in their effect on health depending on the stressor

Question 3

At age 18 years old, a person was in a serious car accident. Although the person made a full recovery from injuries, they experienced extreme anxiety afterwards. The person is now very anxious when driving, will not drive near the site of the accident, has nightmares about the accident, and flinches when they go through intersections. The person has symptoms suggestive of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) primary appraisal problems 
B) specific phobia 
C) post-traumatic stress disorder 
D) flight-or-fight syndrome

Question 4

Wayne is being treated unfairly by his boss at work. Rather than confront him on this, Wayne decides to change his appraisals of his boss's behaviour in order to deal with it. Wayne thinks to himself, "My boss is probably having a really crummy day, and I bet he's very upset by the fact that his wife has left him." Wayne's coping strategies are best classified as examples of

Accepted Answer

A) problem-focused coping 
B) improving self-efficacy 
C) emotion-focused coping 
D) being optimistic

Question 5

You just found out that you're about to go through an intense series of interviews for a job you've been trying to get for a long time. You're excited but also somewhat nervous about how you're going to deal with the stress, particularly since there will potentially be multiple stages of interviews that could be spread out over several weeks. If you could temporarily increase one trait to have to help you get through the stress of the interview, based on prior research discussed in your textbook, which should that be?

Accepted Answer

A) conscientiousness 
B) intelligence 
C) tendency towards a confirmation bias 
D) mindfulness 
E) rationality

Question 6

Research on the transtheoretical model has indicated that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) there is little or no support for the validity of this model 
B) people tend to change their behaviours after going through only one cycle of the stages 
C) people only move forward through the stages as they change their behaviours 
D) people tend to move forward and backward through the stages as they change their behaviours

Question 7

The text mentioned that optimistic people have all of the following benefits, EXCEPT that, optimists ________.

Accepted Answer

A) have a lower risk for anxiety and depression when confronting stressful events 
B) have fewer infectious illnesses and make fewer visits to doctors 
C) have larger social support networks 
D) with breast cancer are likely to live longer

Question 8

Alicia is a new student at a particular school. On her first day, she does not talk to any of the other students and sees them making fun of her behind her back. Alicia decides she can either develop a strategy for making friends or she can take the other students at face value and accept that they are jealous of her and ignore them. In this case, Alicia has control of which coping technique she will use and she is better off choosing

Accepted Answer

A) emotion-focused coping 
B) social-focused coping 
C) solution-focused coping 
D) problem-focused coping

Question 9

Interpersonal conflict in relationships has been shown to reduce immune system functioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following stages of the general adaptation syndrome is associated with suppressed immune functioning?

Accepted Answer

A) alarm 
B) resistance 
C) exhaustion 
D) all three stages

Question 11

If a person has a good social support network, strong coping skills, and an optimistic personality then he is less vulnerable to the effects of stress. These characteristics are best considered as examples of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) protective factors 
B) personality traits 
C) emotion-focused coping skills 
D) problem-focused coping skills

Question 12

Recent shifts in the major causes of death in the 20th century indicate that _____________ is playing a more important role in determining people's health than in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) sanitation 
B) behaviour 
C) biology 
D) genetics

Question 13

How large are exercise dropout rates? What factors predict dropout and compliance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How large are exercise dropout rates? What...

Question 14

The sympathetic nervous system mobilizes the body to a state of arousal when we are faced with a stressful situation. However, the longer acting stress hormones into our system are released by the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine system 
B) parasympathetic nervous system 
C) amygdala 
D) immune system

Question 15

Relapse prevention interventions attempt to keep lapses from becoming a relapse by treating a lapse as an indicator that

Accepted Answer

A) the situation exceeded the client's current coping skills 
B) a harm reduction approach may be a more effective strategy for that client 
C) a more restrictive abstinence approach may be a more effective strategy for that client 
D) the situation did not contain sufficiently salient motivational cues

Question 16

Jon is high on the variable of hardiness. He seems to be able to handle stress quite well. If you had to predict, which of the following hardiness components might Jon be especially good at?

Accepted Answer

A) commitment 
B) challenge 
C) conscientiousness 
D) control 
E) neuroticism

Question 17

When employers offer exercise programs to employees, dropout rates of ___________ percent within ___________ are found in virtually all exercise programs that have been studied.

Accepted Answer

A) 20; 1 year 
B) 30; 1 year 
C) 50; 6 months 
D) 25; 6 months

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a research-derived suggestion to help maintain and enhance personal happiness?

Accepted Answer

A) cultivate optimism 
B) nurture physical well-being 
C) set goals you will not be able to obtain, but can grow towards 
D) look for ways to be helpful to others, and reach out to those less fortunate

Question 19

Felicia knows that exercise is important to longevity, but she can never seem to stick to an exercise program. She has never seen herself as athletic, doesn't enjoy jogging, and her life is busy enough without trying to find time to exercise regularly. Though a friend suggested that she give up some of her television time, Felicia believes that television is her only truly relaxing activity. She tells herself that she gets enough exercise running errands. Felicia has

Accepted Answer

A) used reaction formation to avoid exercising. 
B) a high internal locus of control. 
C) reached the preparation stage of the transtheoretical model. 
D) low self-efficacy for success in exercising regularly. 
E) an inverted locus of control.

Question 20

The perception of threat activates the hypothalamus, which in turn activates the _____ sending a message to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) hippocampus; frontal cortex 
B) pituitary gland; adrenal glands 
C) parasympathetic nervous system; sympathetic nervous system 
D) adrenal glands; pituitary gland 
E) amygdala; hippocampus

Exam 15: Stress, Coping, and Health