Question 1

Problems with the use of the Zener cards in Rhine's early experiments included all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  badly printed Zener cards that allowed the symbols to show faintly from the back. 
B)  subjects noting marks on the cards caused by normal use or deliberately making fingernail marks on the cards. 
C)  the experimenter unconsciously giving people cues with their eyes or facial expressions. 
D)  the use of the double-blind experiments rather than single-blind experiments.

Question 2

Regarding olfaction, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brain uses the patterns of messages it gets from the olfactory receptors to recognize specific scents. 
B)  Scents are, in part, identified by the location of the receptors in the nose that are activated by a particular odor. 
C)  The number of activated receptors tells the brain how strong an odor is. 
D)  In humans, there are five different types of olfactory receptors.

Question 3

Which theory of color vision explains that fatigue caused by making one response produces an afterimage of the opposite color as the system recovers?

Accepted Answer

A)  three-opponent 
B)  trichromatic 
C)  opponent-process 
D)  accommodation

Question 4

Creating phosphenes illustrates how which of the following processes occurs in the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory gating 
B)  accommodation 
C)  absolute threshold 
D)  sensory coding

Question 5

Owls, who hunt at night, can hear sounds that cannot be heard by humans, which illustrates that, compared to humans, they have a much

Accepted Answer

A)  higher absolute threshold for sounds. 
B)  lower absolute threshold for sounds. 
C)  higher sensory adaptation level for sounds. 
D)  lower sensory adaptation level for sounds.

Question 6

Although you can smell other scents, you have lost the ability to smell floral odors.This condition is called

Accepted Answer

A)  anhedonia. 
B)  anosmia. 
C)  tinnitus. 
D)  sensory adaptation.

Question 7

Which type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the hair cells or the auditory nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  vestibular 
B)  threshold 
C)  conductive 
D)  sensorineural

Question 8

The thin membrane that moves in and out in response to sound waves colliding with it and passes the vibration on to the middle ear is the

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory nerve. 
B)  basilar membrane. 
C)  tympanic membrane. 
D)  auditory ossicle.

Question 9

The small cup-shaped area in the middle of the retina that contains only cones is the

Accepted Answer

A)  fovea. 
B)  cornea. 
C)  blind spot. 
D)  lens.

Question 10

Regarding ways to reduce pain, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  In general, pleasant emotions increase pain, while unpleasant emotions decrease pain. 
B)  The more control one feels over a painful stimulus, the less pain is experienced. 
C)  Any time you can anticipate pain, you can lower anxiety by making sure you are fully informed. 
D)  Distractions, such as listening to music, reduce pain.

Question 11

Maria tries to listen to others with full concentration, making eye contact and watching their facial expressions.She is enhancing her perceptual accuracy by

Accepted Answer

A)  paying attention. 
B)  forming perceptual sets. 
C)  exhibiting habituation. 
D)  allowing her emotions to influence her perceptions.

Question 12

Ambiguous stimuli demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

A)  we passively record the events and stimuli around us. 
B)  we actively construct meaningful perceptions. 
C)  we are very quick to undergo sensory adaptation. 
D)  sensory gating prevents us from experiencing sensory overload in everyday situations.

Question 13

Visual sensations that persist after a stimulus is removed, like seeing a spot after a flashbulb goes off, are called

Accepted Answer

A)  limens. 
B)  phosphenes. 
C)  afterimages. 
D)  photoreceptors.

Question 14

The ability to identify the direction from which a sound originates is strongly dependent on having two ears separated in space by several inches.The ability to perceive visual depth is related to a similar property known as

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation. 
B)  aerial perspective. 
C)  retinal disparity. 
D)  inverted vision.

Question 15

A nurse finds that children feel less pain if he gives them reassurance before giving an injection.He should also consider doing any of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  asking them to concentrate on humming a favorite tune. 
B)  asking them to be looking at the stickers and deciding which two they want after the injection. 
C)  informing them of what he is going to do and answering their questions. 
D)  telling the children to think angry thoughts while they focus on the painful injection.

Question 16

The purported ability to predict future events is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The purported ability to predict future events...

Question 17

As people age, which part of the eye becomes less flexible and less able to accommodate?

Accepted Answer

A)  fovea 
B)  retina 
C)  lens 
D)  iris

Question 18

Gil is watching a demonstration in which a man is attempting to use "mind over matter" in order to bend some spoons.Gil is watching a demonstration of the purported psi ability known as

Accepted Answer

A)  telepathy. 
B)  precognition. 
C)  clairvoyance. 
D)  psychokinesis.

Question 19

While you are driving, you make an illegal lane change and see a flashing light behind you.You immediately think, "Ticket time" and prepare to pull over.But as the car behind you draws nearer, you see that is is just a car with a vivid turn signal.Your behavior regarding the flashing light illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  dishabituation. 
B)  a perceptual set. 
C)  reality testing. 
D)  precognition.

Question 20

When you complete an illusory figure in your mind, so that the figure now has a consistent overall form, you are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  closure. 
B)  sensory completion. 
C)  figure-ground organization. 
D)  continuation.

Exam 4: Sensation and Perception.