Question 1

Ronald Melzack's theory that some pain messages can block other pain messages is called

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological nystagmus. 
B)  the endorphin theory. 
C)  the gate control theory. 
D)  receptor interlocking.

Question 2

The skin has approximately how many nerve endings for pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  200,000 
B)  500,000 
C)  one million 
D)  three million

Question 3

Extrasensory perception is the purported ability to perceive events in ways that

Accepted Answer

A)  are free from the discrepancies and distortions of ordinary perception. 
B)  are especially creative meeting both the criteria of uniqueness and utility. 
C)  are difficult to explain by accepted sensory or perceptual principles. 
D)  conform to Gestalt principles of perception.

Question 4

Grandpa teased his grandchildren by saying that they have little hammers, anvils, and stirrups in their heads.They hollered, "No, you're wrong, PaPa." However, their grandpa was right, since these are the common names for the

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory ossicles. 
B)  three parts of the cochlea. 
C)  structures within the organ of Corti. 
D)  feature detectors within the retina.

Question 5

The rods of the retina

Accepted Answer

A)  are densely packed in an area called the fovea. 
B)  are specialized for color sensations. 
C)  function best in dim light. 
D)  are specialized for picking up on fine detail.

Question 6

As the pitch rises, nerve impulses of this same pitch will flow into the auditory nerve, according to the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  place 
B)  frequency 
C)  gate control 
D)  activation-synthesis

Question 7

Regarding dark adaptation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes about 10 to 15 minutes of complete darkness to reach maximum visual sensitivity. 
B)  Dark adaptation can be wiped out by just a few seconds of viewing the bluish-white xenon lights. 
C)  The afterimages seen after looking at the "flash" of a flashbulb are a result of the bleaching of visual pigment in the rods. 
D)  To restore light sensitivity, the rhodopsin in the rods must recombine.

Question 8

Smog, fog, and haze add to the apparent distance of an object.This is called

Accepted Answer

A)  linear perspective. 
B)  aerial perspective. 
C)  relative size. 
D)  relative motion.

Question 9

ESP skeptics regard the "decline effect" as evidence

Accepted Answer

A)  of the psi skills being tested under artificially controlled situations. 
B)  that the earlier demonstration of ESP was the result of a run of luck. 
C)  that charges of fraud in ESP are themselves fraudulent. 
D)  that parapsychological skills are very fragile.

Question 10

You have experienced damage to a large number of rods in the periphery of your eye and feel like you are wearing blinders with no vision to the left and right sides.You are suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  myopia. 
B)  hyperopia. 
C)  tunnel vision. 
D)  retinitis.

Question 11

In one study on perceptual expectancies, participants were given a taste of a "$90 wine" and a "$10 wine," and they reported that the more expensive one tasted better, even though the same wine was served both times.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When the San bushmen looked at the Müller-Lyer design, they

Accepted Answer

A)  ​experienced the illusion in the same way as people from America experience it. 
B)  ​saw a rounded illusion rather than the sharp edges of the V-shaped lines. 
C)  ​were confused and surprised by the illusion that appeared three-dimensional when it was only a two-dimensional shape. 
D)  ​did not experience the illusion, and at most, saw the V-shaped line as only slightly longer than the other.

Question 13

The apparent (or relative)brightness of two objects will remain the same as long as both objects are illuminated by the same amount of light.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When you estimate a distance under 50 feet, such as when you play catch or shoot trash can hoops with the first draft of your essay, you are using

Accepted Answer

A)  convergence. 
B)  accommodation. 
C)  retinal disparity. 
D)  relative size.

Question 15

If your eyeball is too long, you will have a condition called hyperopia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The text suggests that enhanced perceptual accuracy is LESS likely if we

Accepted Answer

A)  rely only on our motivations and expectations. 
B)  voluntarily direct attention toward sensations that are normally tuned out. 
C)  engage in reality testing. 
D)  interrupt habituation and break perceptual sets.

Question 17

Research conducted by Chua, Boland, and Nisbett found that American participants tended to focus on the figure within a scene, while the Chinese participants focused on the background.They concluded that Americans tend to have a

Accepted Answer

A)  broader focus of attention. 
B)  narrow focus of attention. 
C)  shorter attention span. 
D)  longer attention span.

Question 18

Research on perceptual sensitivity has shown that people

Accepted Answer

A)  are more likely to recognize the faces of people from their own race. 
B)  are more likely to recognize the faces of people from a different race. 
C)  are equally likely to recognize faces of people from other races or their own. 
D)  have more difficulty recognizing faces if they use only one eye.

Question 19

A ventriloquist is able to convince you that words are coming from his dummy's mouth because the dummy's mouth movements match the timing of the words actually coming from the ventriloquist.The ventriloquist is making use of the perceptual principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  continuation. 
B)  figure-ground. 
C)  closure. 
D)  contiguity.

Question 20

When you take a stroll at night, the moon appears to "follow" you.The pictorial cue that explains this phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

A)  motion parallax. 
B)  linear perspective. 
C)  interposition. 
D)  retinal disparity.

Exam 4: Sensation and Perception.

Ronald Melzack's theory that some pain messages can block other pain messages is called

The skin has approximately how many nerve endings for pain?

Extrasensory perception is the purported ability to perceive events in ways that

Grandpa teased his grandchildren by saying that they have little hammers, anvils, and stirrups in their heads.They hollered, "No, you're wrong, PaPa." However, their grandpa was right, since these are the common names for the

The rods of the retina

As the pitch rises, nerve impulses of this same pitch will flow into the auditory nerve, according to the __________ theory.

Regarding dark adaptation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Smog, fog, and haze add to the apparent distance of an object.This is called

ESP skeptics regard the "decline effect" as evidence

You have experienced damage to a large number of rods in the periphery of your eye and feel like you are wearing blinders with no vision to the left and right sides.You are suffering from

In one study on perceptual expectancies, participants were given a taste of a "$90 wine" and a "$10 wine," and they reported that the more expensive one tasted better, even though the same wine was served both times.

When the San bushmen looked at the Müller-Lyer design, they

The apparent (or relative)brightness of two objects will remain the same as long as both objects are illuminated by the same amount of light.

When you estimate a distance under 50 feet, such as when you play catch or shoot trash can hoops with the first draft of your essay, you are using

If your eyeball is too long, you will have a condition called hyperopia.

The text suggests that enhanced perceptual accuracy is LESS likely if we

Research conducted by Chua, Boland, and Nisbett found that American participants tended to focus on the figure within a scene, while the Chinese participants focused on the background.They concluded that Americans tend to have a

Research on perceptual sensitivity has shown that people

A ventriloquist is able to convince you that words are coming from his dummy's mouth because the dummy's mouth movements match the timing of the words actually coming from the ventriloquist.The ventriloquist is making use of the perceptual principle of

When you take a stroll at night, the moon appears to "follow" you.The pictorial cue that explains this phenomenon is called