Question 1

When you look into the two classrooms in Hardin Hall, the desks appear to form vertical rows, while the seats that are side-by-side in the Hardin auditorium appear to form horizontal rows.The different perceptual groupings of these seats illustrate which principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  closure 
B)  contiguity 
C)  nearness 
D)  figure-ground

Question 2

Recent experiments on eyewitness testimony have shown that the relationship between a person's confidence in his or her testimony and its accuracy

Accepted Answer

A)  depends upon whether the witness is male or female. 
B)  depends upon whether the witness has at least a high school education. 
C)  has almost no relationship. 
D)  is more suspect for children than for adults.

Question 3

Black and white vision with the greatest sensitivity under lower levels of illumination describes the function of the

Accepted Answer

A)  cones. 
B)  rods. 
C)  phosphenes. 
D)  visual pigments.

Question 4

Joe is unable to see blues and yellows but can distinguish between reds and greens.He has

Accepted Answer

A)  only cones in his retina and no rods. 
B)  an extremely rare form of color weakness. 
C)  visual agnosia. 
D)  only rods in his retina and no cones.

Question 5

It is easier to visualize a wavy line on a squared-off line than to see a complex row of shapes.This tendency toward simplicity in organization is called

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory completion. 
B)  closure. 
C)  figure-ground. 
D)  continuity.

Question 6

Which theory of hearing explains that hearing high or low tones depends upon which area of the cochlea is more strongly stimulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  tone 
B)  place 
C)  frequency 
D)  amplitude

Question 7

Advertisers often gain attention when selling a product by

Accepted Answer

A)  utilizing the "soft sell." 
B)  increasing the viewer's habituation. 
C)  using motives, such as anxiety and sex. 
D)  creating inattentional blindness to the advertiser's intentions.

Question 8

The skin has approximately how many nerve endings for temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  200,000 
B)  500,000 
C)  one million 
D)  three million

Question 9

Regarding the word somesthetic, soma means

Accepted Answer

A)  skin. 
B)  body. 
C)  motion. 
D)  feel.

Question 10

The differing smell qualities are

Accepted Answer

A)  only divided into four basic categories: floral, putrid, minty, and arboreal. 
B)  the result of a gate-control system that filters the various scents. 
C)  the result of molecules activating different combinations of odor receptors. 
D)  dependent on the gustatory sense to produce the many different odors.

Question 11

According to the place theory of hearing, low tones cause the greatest movement of hair cells near the

Accepted Answer

A)  narrow outer tip of the cochlea. 
B)  base of the cochlea. 
C)  narrow outer tips of the tympanic membrane. 
D)  base of the tympanic membrane.

Question 12

When Abby wants to draw a highway so that it appears to be going into the horizon, she makes the parallel lines of the highway converge as it nears the horizon.This illustrates the use of the pictorial depth cue known as

Accepted Answer

A)  linear perspective. 
B)  texture gradients. 
C)  retinal disparity. 
D)  light and shadow.

Question 13

Jared takes different routes when he travels to work or school as well as doing routines, such as brushing your teeth or combing his hair using his nonpreferred left hand.Jared is trying to increase his perceptual accuracy by

Accepted Answer

A)  making a habit of engaging in reality testing. 
B)  better understanding his motives and emotions. 
C)  creating perceptual sets. 
D)  breaking perceptual habits and interrupting habituation.

Question 14

Attention is aroused by

Accepted Answer

A)  intensity. 
B)  repetition. 
C)  contrast or a change in stimulation. 
D)  all of these.

Question 15

Regarding the gate control theory and acupuncture, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Messages carried by large, fast nerve fibers seem to close the spinal gate directly. 
B)  Messages from small, slow fibers go through the pain gate and on to a "central biasing system." 
C)  The acupuncture needles activate the large, fast nerve fibers and close the spinal gate directly. 
D)  Acupuncture produces short-term pain relief, but the claims of this procedure curing illnesses is much more debatable.

Question 16

Pictorial cues for depth are

Accepted Answer

A)  monocular. 
B)  binocular. 
C)  bodily. 
D)  stereoscopic.

Question 17

Compared to the pad of the thumb, a square centimeter area behind the knee would have __________ pain points.

Accepted Answer

A)  significantly fewer 
B)  slightly fewer 
C)  more 
D)  the same number of

Question 18

Sense organs in the joints and muscles contribute to which sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin 
B)  kinesthetic 
C)  pressure 
D)  temperature

Question 19

One problem in psi experiments consists of defining scores, both above and below chance, as successes.This problem is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the occurrence of a run of luck. 
B)  the decline effect. 
C)  a reinterpretation of results. 
D)  a replication of results.

Question 20

When a person first begins to use a computer, he or she has to deliberately pay attention to specific stimuli, such as icons and cursors.These experiences change how the person's brain processes information regarding the use of a computer.This change is called

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory adaptation. 
B)  sensory habituation. 
C)  perceptual accommodation. 
D)  perceptual learning.

Exam 4: Sensation and Perception.