Question 1

List and define the four dimensions of biological sex used to classify a person as either male or female; describehow sexual development begins with one's sex chromosomes and is then influenced by prenatal hormones;and explain what may cause a child's genitals to be ambiguous and not match his or her genetic sex.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that classifying a person as female or male must take into account the following biological factors: (1)genetic sex, that is, XX is female and XY is male; (2)gonadal sex, that is, females have ovaries and males have testes; (3)hormonal sex, that is females have a predominance of estrogens and males a predominance of androgens; and (4)genital sex, that is, females have a clitoris and vagina and males have a penis and scrotum.Genetic sex is determined at the instant of conception: Two X chromosomes initiate female development; an X chromosome plus a Y chromosome produces a male.A woman's ovum always provides an X chromosome because she has two Xs in her own genetic makeup.In contrast, one-half of the male's sperm carry X chromosomes and the other half carry Ys.Even at conception, variations may occur because some individuals begin life with too many or too few sex chromosomes.While genetic sex stays the same throughout life, it alone does not determine biological sex.In general, sexual characteristics also are related to the effects of sex hormones before birth.Hormones are chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands.The gonads (or sex glands)affect sexual development and behavior by secreting estrogens (female hormones)and androgens (male hormones).The gonads in the male are the testes; female gonads are the ovaries.The adrenal glands (located above the kidneys)also supply sex hormones.Everyone normally produces estrogens and androgens.Sex differences are related to the proportion of these hormones found in the body.In fact, prenatal development of male or female anatomy is largely due to the presence or absence of testosterone, one of the androgens, secreted mainly by the testes.For the first six weeks of prenatal growth, genetically female and male embryos look identical.However, if a Y chromosome is present, testes develop in the embryo and supply testosterone.This stimulates growth of the penis and other male structures.In the absence of testosterone, the embryo will develop female reproductive organs and genitals, regardless of genetic sex.It might be said, then, that nature's primary impulse is to make a female.Prenatal growth does not always match genetic sex.For both genetic females and males, hormonal problems before birth may produce an intersexual person in which the person has ambiguous sexual anatomy.A genetic male won't develop male genitals if too little testosterone is available.Even if testosterone is present, an inherited androgen insensitivity syndrome, or unresponsiveness to testosterone, may exist.Again, the result is female development.Similarly, androgens must be at low levels or absent for an XX embryo to develop as a female.For instance, a developing female may be masculinized by the anti-miscarriage drug progestin, or by a problem known as congenital adrenal hyperplasia.In this syndrome, the child's body produces estrogen, but a genetic abnormality causes the adrenal glands to release too much androgen.In such cases, a female child may be born with genitals that are more male than female.

Question 2

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be currently prevented by a vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)   hepatitis B
B)   AIDS
C)   syphilis
D)   gonorrhea A

Question 3

Concerning genetic sex, males normally have which chromosomal combination?

Accepted Answer

A)   XXY
B)   XY
C)   XX
D)   XYY B

Question 4

Most child molesters commit the acts of molestation

Accepted Answer

A)   in conjunction or with the help of another adult.
B)   in the victim's home.
C)   by first lulling the child into participation by talking about sex in person or in a chat room on-line.
D)   by initially threatening the child.

Question 5

Dr.Armond is investigating what role genetics play in homosexuality.His research centers on how genes are expressed during development.Dr.Armond's field is called

Accepted Answer

A)   eugenics.
B)   polygenics.
C)   epigenetics.
D)   bidirectionality.

Question 6

In differentiating between the terms sex and gender,

Accepted Answer

A)   sex refers to biological aspects of identity, and gender refers to psychological and social identity.
B)   both terms gender and sex refer to one's sociocultural identity.
C)   sex refers to sociocultural identity, and gender refers to biological identity.
D)   none of these statements represent the terms correctly.

Question 7

A current sexual script that involves persons having sex who are friends but are not romantically involved is referred to as the __________ script.

Accepted Answer

A)   hook-up
B)   friends with benefits
C)   group sex
D)   random dating

Question 8

A climax and release of sexual excitement occurs during the __________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)   resolution
B)   plateau
C)   orgasm
D)   refractory

Question 9

Although only a man and his partner can make this judgment, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)states that the erectile disorder involves a persistent difficulty for at least how many months duration?

Accepted Answer

A)   two months
B)   four months
C)   six months
D)   eight months

Question 10

Regarding primary sexual characteristics, which of the following structures is part of the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

A)   labia majora
B)   vas deferens
C)   Cowper's gland
D)   epididymis

Question 11

Regarding the sexual revolution, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is unlikely that the United States will undergo a wholesale return to less liberal times.
B)   Premarital intercourse represents a major rejection of traditional values and responsible behavior.
C)   Sexual behavior has increased in the last 50 years, although it does not seem to represent a wholesale move toward sexual promiscuity.
D)   Changes in sexual attitudes and behaviors over the last 50 years appear to reflect a greater acceptance of sexuality rather than a total rejection of earlier values.

Question 12

Drinking too much alcohol can cause temporary erectile difficulties in healthy males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Areas of the body that produce pleasure or provoke erotic desire, or both are called

Accepted Answer

A)   erogenous zones.
B)   arousal zones.
C)   excitement centers.
D)   sensuous zones.

Question 14

Which of the following would be considered a "feminine" trait on the Ben Sex Role Inventory?

Accepted Answer

A)   ambitious
B)   self-reliant
C)   child-like
D)   analytical

Question 15

A capacity for sexual arousal

Accepted Answer

A)   is apparent at birth or soon after.
B)   develops around age two.
C)   develops at puberty.
D)   appears several years earlier in males than in females.

Question 16

The focus offetishistic disorder andtransvestic disorder involves​

Accepted Answer

A)   ​nonhuman objects.
B)   ​nonconsenting people.
C)   ​pain and humiliation for self.
D)   ​pain and humiliation for others.

Question 17

Which of the following is a type of paraphilic disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   sexual pain disorder
B)   homosexuality
C)   sexual sadism disorder
D)   gender dysphoria

Question 18

Attitudes toward sexual behavior in the United States have

Accepted Answer

A)   changed little in the last 50 years.
B)   become more tolerant, especially of other people's behavior.
C)   resulted in major increases in extramarital sexual contacts.
D)   become less tolerant of sexual behavior of all kinds.

Question 19

Greg and Linda met at a fraternity party and subsequently went out on a date.After the date, Greg went to Linda's apartment.They began "making out," and Greg became more sexually aggressive.Linda told Greg to "stop." Greg proceeded to have sexual intercourse with Linda even though she told him several times to stop.This example illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the games men and women play with each other.
B)   that Greg knew Linda really meant "yes," even though she said "no."
C)   that Greg raped Linda.
D)   that Linda teased Greg by "making out" and deserved to be raped.

Question 20

Megan has a fever and is experiencing intense pain in her lower back and abdomen, which are the main symptoms of the sexually transmitted disease known as hepatitis B.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be currently prevented by a vaccination?

Concerning genetic sex, males normally have which chromosomal combination?

Most child molesters commit the acts of molestation

Dr.Armond is investigating what role genetics play in homosexuality.His research centers on how genes are expressed during development.Dr.Armond's field is called

In differentiating between the terms sex and gender,

A current sexual script that involves persons having sex who are friends but are not romantically involved is referred to as the __________ script.

A climax and release of sexual excitement occurs during the __________ phase.

Although only a man and his partner can make this judgment, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) states that the erectile disorder involves a persistent difficulty for at least how many months duration?

Regarding primary sexual characteristics, which of the following structures is part of the female reproductive system?

Regarding the sexual revolution, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Drinking too much alcohol can cause temporary erectile difficulties in healthy males.

Areas of the body that produce pleasure or provoke erotic desire, or both are called

Which of the following would be considered a "feminine" trait on the Ben Sex Role Inventory?

A capacity for sexual arousal

The focus offetishistic disorder andtransvestic disorder involves

Which of the following is a type of paraphilic disorder?

Attitudes toward sexual behavior in the United States have

Megan has a fever and is experiencing intense pain in her lower back and abdomen, which are the main symptoms of the sexually transmitted disease known as hepatitis B.

Exam 11: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be currently prevented by a vaccination?

Concerning genetic sex, males normally have which chromosomal combination?

Most child molesters commit the acts of molestation

Dr.Armond is investigating what role genetics play in homosexuality.His research centers on how genes are expressed during development.Dr.Armond's field is called

In differentiating between the terms sex and gender,

A current sexual script that involves persons having sex who are friends but are not romantically involved is referred to as the __________ script.

A climax and release of sexual excitement occurs during the __________ phase.

Although only a man and his partner can make this judgment, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) states that the erectile disorder involves a persistent difficulty for at least how many months duration?

Regarding primary sexual characteristics, which of the following structures is part of the female reproductive system?

Regarding the sexual revolution, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Drinking too much alcohol can cause temporary erectile difficulties in healthy males.

Areas of the body that produce pleasure or provoke erotic desire, or both are called

Which of the following would be considered a "feminine" trait on the Ben Sex Role Inventory?

A capacity for sexual arousal

The focus offetishistic disorder andtransvestic disorder involves​

Which of the following is a type of paraphilic disorder?

Attitudes toward sexual behavior in the United States have

Megan has a fever and is experiencing intense pain in her lower back and abdomen, which are the main symptoms of the sexually transmitted disease known as hepatitis B.

The focus offetishistic disorder andtransvestic disorder involves