Question 1

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) fluid within cells. 
D) interstitial fluid. 
A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) fluid within cells. 
D) interstitial fluid.

Question 2

Electrolyte deficiency most likely occurs:

Accepted Answer

A) when people don't choose foods carefully. 
B) when losses are extreme. 
C) when fewer than 8 glasses of water are consumed per day. 
D) as a result of decongestant medications. 
A) when people don't choose foods carefully. 
B) when losses are extreme. 
C) when fewer than 8 glasses of water are consumed per day. 
D) as a result of decongestant medications.

Question 3

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A) An athlete,exercising in cool weather 
B) An elderly woman,just returning from a 4 hour flight 
C) A child recovering from diarrhea 
D) All are potentially at risk for dehydration 
A) An athlete,exercising in cool weather 
B) An elderly woman,just returning from a 4 hour flight 
C) A child recovering from diarrhea 
D) All are potentially at risk for dehydration

Question 4

Fluid requirements for infants are proportionately greater than those for adults because:

Accepted Answer

A) infants have less surface area for evaporation. 
B) infants are more active than adults. 
C) infants weigh less than adults. 
D) infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine. 
A) infants have less surface area for evaporation. 
B) infants are more active than adults. 
C) infants weigh less than adults. 
D) infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine.

Question 5

The risk of hypertension is lowest for which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A) Non-hispanic whites 
B) Diabetics 
C) Obese individuals 
D) African Americans 
A) Non-hispanic whites 
B) Diabetics 
C) Obese individuals 
D) African Americans

Question 6

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) Brownian motion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) endocytosis. 
A) active transport. 
B) Brownian motion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) endocytosis.

Question 7

Which is LEAST likely to be implicated as a contributor to hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) High levels of carbonated beverage consumption 
B) Stress 
C) Heavy alcohol consumption 
D) Lack of physical activity 
A) High levels of carbonated beverage consumption 
B) Stress 
C) Heavy alcohol consumption 
D) Lack of physical activity

Question 8

When table salt is dissolved in water,the sodium and chloride ions:

Accepted Answer

A) form a covalent bond. 
B) dissociate. 
C) form an ionic bond. 
D) associate. 
A) form a covalent bond. 
B) dissociate. 
C) form an ionic bond. 
D) associate.

Question 9

Hypertension is very common,affecting _____ of adults in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

A) 1/10 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/2 
A) 1/10 
B) 1/4 
C) 1/3 
D) 1/2

Question 10

The role of water in urine is:

Accepted Answer

A) as a transport medium. 
B) to provide a medium for chemical reactions. 
C) to detoxify. 
D) to maintain acid base balance. 
A) as a transport medium. 
B) to provide a medium for chemical reactions. 
C) to detoxify. 
D) to maintain acid base balance.

Question 11

The loss of body fluid in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

Accepted Answer

A) insensible losses. 
B) interstitial decreases. 
C) transitory losses. 
D) undetectable losses. 
A) insensible losses. 
B) interstitial decreases. 
C) transitory losses. 
D) undetectable losses.

Question 12

The human diet has:

Accepted Answer

A) always been high in salt. 
B) historically been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than at present. 
C) historically been lower in both sodium and potassium than at present. 
D) historically been higher in both sodium and potassium than at present. 
A) always been high in salt. 
B) historically been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than at present. 
C) historically been lower in both sodium and potassium than at present. 
D) historically been higher in both sodium and potassium than at present.

Question 13

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

Accepted Answer

A) 1000 
B) 1850 
C) 2300 
D) One has not been established 
A) 1000 
B) 1850 
C) 2300 
D) One has not been established

Question 14

The AI for potassium intake is:

Accepted Answer

A) similar to that for sodium. 
B) not established. 
C) >2x than that of sodium. 
D) less than 20% of that for sodium. 
A) similar to that for sodium. 
B) not established. 
C) >2x than that of sodium. 
D) less than 20% of that for sodium.

Question 15

In the United States,the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) sodium; potassium and chloride 
B) sodium; phosphorous 
C) iron; potassium 
D) sodium and chloride; potassium 
A) sodium; potassium and chloride 
B) sodium; phosphorous 
C) iron; potassium 
D) sodium and chloride; potassium

Question 16

Water is polar because:

Accepted Answer

A) it is an ion. 
B) the electrons are equally shared among the O and H atoms. 
C) the electrons spend more time around the O atom than the H atoms. 
D) the electrons spend more time around the H atoms than the O atom. 
A) it is an ion. 
B) the electrons are equally shared among the O and H atoms. 
C) the electrons spend more time around the O atom than the H atoms. 
D) the electrons spend more time around the H atoms than the O atom.

Question 17

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

Accepted Answer

A) ≤ 120/80 
B) ≤ 140/90 
C) ≤ 160/100 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90 
A) ≤ 120/80 
B) ≤ 140/90 
C) ≤ 160/100 
D) between 120/80 and 140/90

Question 18

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A) Angiotensinogen 
B) Antidiuretic hormone 
C) Calcitonin 
D) Adrenal hormone 
A) Angiotensinogen 
B) Antidiuretic hormone 
C) Calcitonin 
D) Adrenal hormone

Question 19

All of the following are ways to reduce sodium intake in your diet EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) replacing processed foods with unprocessed foods. 
B) choosing canned vegetables rather than frozen vegetables. 
C) choosing roasted turkey rather than bologna. 
D) preparing your meals at home. 
A) replacing processed foods with unprocessed foods. 
B) choosing canned vegetables rather than frozen vegetables. 
C) choosing roasted turkey rather than bologna. 
D) preparing your meals at home.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium is primarily intracellular; potassium is primarily extracellular. 
B) Sodium and potassium are primarily extracellular. 
C) Sodium and potassium are primarily intracellular. 
D) Sodium is primarily extracellular; potassium is primarily intracellular. 
A) Sodium is primarily intracellular; potassium is primarily extracellular. 
B) Sodium and potassium are primarily extracellular. 
C) Sodium and potassium are primarily intracellular. 
D) Sodium is primarily extracellular; potassium is primarily intracellular.

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

Electrolyte deficiency most likely occurs:

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

Fluid requirements for infants are proportionately greater than those for adults because:

The risk of hypertension is lowest for which of the following groups?

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Which is LEAST likely to be implicated as a contributor to hypertension?

When table salt is dissolved in water,the sodium and chloride ions:

Hypertension is very common,affecting _____ of adults in the U.S.

The role of water in urine is:

The loss of body fluid in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

The human diet has:

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

The AI for potassium intake is:

In the United States,the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

Water is polar because:

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

All of the following are ways to reduce sodium intake in your diet EXCEPT:

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus on Biotechnology

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Supplements

Filters

In the United States,the typical diet is high in _ and low in __.