Question 1

How much should a baby boy weigh at 15 months of age if they are at the 50th percentile of growth as established by the CDC?

Accepted Answer

A baby boy at the 50^th percentile of growth should weigh about 24 lbs at 15 months of age.

Question 2

An important role of the placenta is to :

Accepted Answer

A) secrete hormones. 
B) protect the fetus. 
C) provide a site for embryo implantation. 
D) maintain maternal blood glucose levels. 
A) secrete hormones. 
B) protect the fetus. 
C) provide a site for embryo implantation. 
D) maintain maternal blood glucose levels. A

Question 3

Physiological changes during pregnancy can cause minor digestive discomforts (morning sickness,heartburn and constipation).Explain why each of these discomforts may occur and how they may be alleviated.

Accepted Answer

Morning sickness generally affects women during the first few months of pregnancy and is believed to be related to hormonal changes of pregnancy.Symptoms may be alleviated by eating small frequent snacks of dry starchy foods,such as plain crackers or bread.Heartburn is caused by stomach acid leaking up into the esophagus.It too is a result of hormonal changes as well as the growing baby crowding the stomach.Heartburn can be reduced by avoiding caffeine,chocolate,high-fat foods,fried foods,rich desserts,spicy foods,and other foods/drinks known to make symptoms worse.Eating small meals,sitting up after eating,limiting food consumption before bedtime,and sleeping with extra pillows are all recommended.Constipation too is caused by pregnancy-related hormones and is a frequent complaint during pregnancy.Regular physical activity and consuming plenty of water,fruits,and vegetables are recommended.

Question 4

The term which describes the inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves is:

Accepted Answer

A) let-down. 
B) failure to thrive. 
C) small-for-gestational age. 
D) delay syndrome 
A) let-down. 
B) failure to thrive. 
C) small-for-gestational age. 
D) delay syndrome

Question 5

Which statement best describes dietary fat requirements during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Extra fat is required to provide fuel for the developing fetus. 
B) Fat should make up 45% of the kcalories consumed. 
C) Total fat does not need to increase,however,there is an increased requirement for essential fatty acids. 
D) Fish oil supplements are highly recommended. 
A) Extra fat is required to provide fuel for the developing fetus. 
B) Fat should make up 45% of the kcalories consumed. 
C) Total fat does not need to increase,however,there is an increased requirement for essential fatty acids. 
D) Fish oil supplements are highly recommended.

Question 6

Most newborns receive a shot of ___________ to prevent hemorrhage.

Accepted Answer

A) iron 
B) folate 
C) vitamin K 
D) vitamin A 
A) iron 
B) folate 
C) vitamin K 
D) vitamin A

Question 7

Which statement is FALSE regarding vitamin D during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) African-Americans have a higher percentage of deficiency. 
B) Dietary requirements increase by 50%. 
C) Vitamin D is important to support absorption of dietary calcium. 
D) 70% of pregnant women have low vitamin D levels. 
A) African-Americans have a higher percentage of deficiency. 
B) Dietary requirements increase by 50%. 
C) Vitamin D is important to support absorption of dietary calcium. 
D) 70% of pregnant women have low vitamin D levels.

Question 8

Gestational diabetes increases the risk for having:

Accepted Answer

A) a small-for-gestational-age infant. 
B) a large-for-gestational-age infant. 
C) an infant born with PKU. 
D) an infant with a neural tube defect. 
A) a small-for-gestational-age infant. 
B) a large-for-gestational-age infant. 
C) an infant born with PKU. 
D) an infant with a neural tube defect.

Question 9

The risk of having a baby born with Down syndrome is most closely associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol consumption during pregnancy. 
B) impaired folate status. 
C) maternal age at time of conception. 
D) inadequate (low)weight gain during pregnancy. 
A) alcohol consumption during pregnancy. 
B) impaired folate status. 
C) maternal age at time of conception. 
D) inadequate (low)weight gain during pregnancy.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of gestational events?

Accepted Answer

A) embryo; fetus; zygote 
B) zygote; embryo; fetus 
C) fetus; embryo; zygote 
D) zygote; fetus; embryo 
A) embryo; fetus; zygote 
B) zygote; embryo; fetus 
C) fetus; embryo; zygote 
D) zygote; fetus; embryo

Question 11

Weight gain recommendations during pregnancy are based on:

Accepted Answer

A) weight at the time of conception. 
B) ethnicity. 
C) waist-to-hip circumference ratio at the time of conception. 
D) ultrasound results (used to size the infant)taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. 
A) weight at the time of conception. 
B) ethnicity. 
C) waist-to-hip circumference ratio at the time of conception. 
D) ultrasound results (used to size the infant)taken during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 12

During pregnancy,critical periods correspond to:

Accepted Answer

A) times during growth and development when an organism is more susceptible to harm from poor nutrition or other environmental factors. 
B) socioeconomic factors that increase the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. 
C) maternal weight gain. 
D) the positioning of the infant in the pelvic cavity. 
A) times during growth and development when an organism is more susceptible to harm from poor nutrition or other environmental factors. 
B) socioeconomic factors that increase the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. 
C) maternal weight gain. 
D) the positioning of the infant in the pelvic cavity.

Question 13

Which of the following stimulates the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A) Infant suckling on the breast 
B) Stretching of the cervix during labor 
C) Estrogen secretion from the ovaries 
D) All of these 
A) Infant suckling on the breast 
B) Stretching of the cervix during labor 
C) Estrogen secretion from the ovaries 
D) All of these

Question 14

The "let-down" reflex refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) hormonal changes which initiate the process of birth. 
B) postpartum depression that mothers experience following birth. 
C) muscular contractions which push the infant through the birth canal. 
D) a hormonal reflex that causes milk to be released from the milk ducts and flow to the nipple. 
A) hormonal changes which initiate the process of birth. 
B) postpartum depression that mothers experience following birth. 
C) muscular contractions which push the infant through the birth canal. 
D) a hormonal reflex that causes milk to be released from the milk ducts and flow to the nipple.

Question 15

Which of the following women should gain the most weight during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) A women with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 22 
B) A 43-year-old woman 
C) A woman carrying twins 
D) A women with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 29 
A) A women with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 22 
B) A 43-year-old woman 
C) A woman carrying twins 
D) A women with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 29

Question 16

How does gaining TOO LITTLE weight during pregnancy affect fetal birth weight?

Accepted Answer

Gaining less than 15 lbs during pregnanc

Question 17

"Failure to thrive" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) infants that are formula fed rather than breast fed. 
B) the inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves. 
C) changes in the mother's physiology due to hormonal changes after giving birth. 
D) inadequate (low)weight gain during pregnancy. 
A) infants that are formula fed rather than breast fed. 
B) the inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves. 
C) changes in the mother's physiology due to hormonal changes after giving birth. 
D) inadequate (low)weight gain during pregnancy.

Question 18

Colic:

Accepted Answer

A) can occur in both breast- and bottle-fed infants. 
B) is the most common cause of extended hospital stays in infants. 
C) is an inflammation of the mammary glands during lactation. 
D) is a genetic abnormality that prevents the normal metabolism of phenylalanine. 
A) can occur in both breast- and bottle-fed infants. 
B) is the most common cause of extended hospital stays in infants. 
C) is an inflammation of the mammary glands during lactation. 
D) is a genetic abnormality that prevents the normal metabolism of phenylalanine.

Question 19

Describe the function of the placenta during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

The placenta is a network of blood vesse

Question 20

An indication that a breastfed baby is getting an adequate amount of milk is:

Accepted Answer

A) the frequency in which they soak diapers a day. 
B) how often they cry. 
C) how long they sleep during the night. 
D) All of these. 
A) the frequency in which they soak diapers a day. 
B) how often they cry. 
C) how long they sleep during the night. 
D) All of these.

Exam 14: Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

How much should a baby boy weigh at 15 months of age if they are at the 50th percentile of growth as established by the CDC?

An important role of the placenta is to :

Physiological changes during pregnancy can cause minor digestive discomforts (morning sickness,heartburn and constipation).Explain why each of these discomforts may occur and how they may be alleviated.

The term which describes the inability of a child's growth to keep up with normal growth curves is:

Which statement best describes dietary fat requirements during pregnancy?

Most newborns receive a shot of ___________ to prevent hemorrhage.

Which statement is FALSE regarding vitamin D during pregnancy?

Gestational diabetes increases the risk for having:

The risk of having a baby born with Down syndrome is most closely associated with:

Which of the following is the correct sequence of gestational events?

Weight gain recommendations during pregnancy are based on:

During pregnancy,critical periods correspond to:

Which of the following stimulates the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland?

The "let-down" reflex refers to:

Which of the following women should gain the most weight during pregnancy?

How does gaining TOO LITTLE weight during pregnancy affect fetal birth weight?

"Failure to thrive" refers to:

Colic:

Describe the function of the placenta during pregnancy.

An indication that a breastfed baby is getting an adequate amount of milk is:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus on Biotechnology

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Supplements

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How much should a baby boy weigh at 15 months of age if they are at the 50^th percentile of growth as established by the CDC?