Question 1

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) Chloride & potassium 
B) Phosphorous & calcium 
C) Sodium & fluoride 
D) Sodium & potassium 
A) Chloride & potassium 
B) Phosphorous & calcium 
C) Sodium & fluoride 
D) Sodium & potassium D

Question 2

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) dilute the sodium in the blood. 
B) cause water toxicity. 
C) result in nausea,muscle cramps and confusion. 
D) increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure. 
A) dilute the sodium in the blood. 
B) cause water toxicity. 
C) result in nausea,muscle cramps and confusion. 
D) increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure. D

Question 3

The DASH diet is:

Accepted Answer

A) high in calcium and magnesium while low in sodium and potassium. 
B) high is sodium while low in calcium,magnesium and potassium. 
C) high in potassium,calcium and magnesium while low in sodium. 
D) high in sodium and potassium while low in calcium and magnesium. 
A) high in calcium and magnesium while low in sodium and potassium. 
B) high is sodium while low in calcium,magnesium and potassium. 
C) high in potassium,calcium and magnesium while low in sodium. 
D) high in sodium and potassium while low in calcium and magnesium. C

Question 4

In most people,hypertension results from:

Accepted Answer

A) no obvious external cause. 
B) diabetes. 
C) kidney disease. 
D) atherosclerosis. 
A) no obvious external cause. 
B) diabetes. 
C) kidney disease. 
D) atherosclerosis.

Question 5

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Angiotensin II 
B) Calcitonin 
C) Estrogen 
D) Parathyroid hormone 
A) Angiotensin II 
B) Calcitonin 
C) Estrogen 
D) Parathyroid hormone

Question 6

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% 
B) 40% 
C) 60% 
D) 80% 
A) 20% 
B) 40% 
C) 60% 
D) 80%

Question 7

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone. 
B) renin. 
C) angiotensin. 
D) adrenaline. 
A) aldosterone. 
B) renin. 
C) angiotensin. 
D) adrenaline.

Question 8

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Brain 
B) Kidneys 
C) Liver 
D) Pancreas 
A) Brain 
B) Kidneys 
C) Liver 
D) Pancreas

Question 9

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) renin is released. 
B) water moves into the blood. 
C) blood pressure rises. 
D) blood volume rises. 
A) renin is released. 
B) water moves into the blood. 
C) blood pressure rises. 
D) blood volume rises.

Question 10

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension)diet is best characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) high intake of fruits and vegetables,but no dairy foods. 
B) plenty of fruits,vegetables & whole grains,with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods. 
C) abundant whole & refined grains and high-protein foods,but low in dairy. 
D) plenty of high-protein and dairy foods. 
A) high intake of fruits and vegetables,but no dairy foods. 
B) plenty of fruits,vegetables & whole grains,with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods. 
C) abundant whole & refined grains and high-protein foods,but low in dairy. 
D) plenty of high-protein and dairy foods.

Question 11

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

Accepted Answer

A) found naturally in food. 
B) added during home preparation. 
C) added at the table. 
D) added to food during processing and manufacturing. 
A) found naturally in food. 
B) added during home preparation. 
C) added at the table. 
D) added to food during processing and manufacturing.

Question 12

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people.

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes 
B) cancer 
C) hypertension 
D) All of these 
A) diabetes 
B) cancer 
C) hypertension 
D) All of these

Question 13

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

Accepted Answer

A) slightly basic. 
B) slightly acidic. 
C) very basic. 
D) very acidic. 
A) slightly basic. 
B) slightly acidic. 
C) very basic. 
D) very acidic.

Question 14

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) an increased diabetes risk. 
B) weakening of and damage to artery walls. 
C) the heart working harder. 
D) an increased risk of stroke. 
A) an increased diabetes risk. 
B) weakening of and damage to artery walls. 
C) the heart working harder. 
D) an increased risk of stroke.

Question 15

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

Accepted Answer

A) intercellular fluid. 
B) extracellular fluid. 
C) intracellular fluid. 
D) interstitial fluid. 
A) intercellular fluid. 
B) extracellular fluid. 
C) intracellular fluid. 
D) interstitial fluid.

Question 16

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2% 
B) 5-7% 
C) 10% 
D) 20% 
A) 1-2% 
B) 5-7% 
C) 10% 
D) 20%

Question 17

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) Water changes temperature slowly,helping to maintain body temperature. 
B) When body temperature rises,sweat is produced; this evaporates to cool the body. 
C) Low body temperature causes restricted blood flow to the skin to conserve body heat. 
D) High body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production,thus dissipating excess heat. 
A) Water changes temperature slowly,helping to maintain body temperature. 
B) When body temperature rises,sweat is produced; this evaporates to cool the body. 
C) Low body temperature causes restricted blood flow to the skin to conserve body heat. 
D) High body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production,thus dissipating excess heat.

Question 18

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

Accepted Answer

A) the membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) the cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out than to leak in. 
C) the membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) water can flow freely across the membrane. 
A) the membrane is permeable to sodium ions. 
B) the cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out than to leak in. 
C) the membrane is impermeable to all ions. 
D) water can flow freely across the membrane.

Question 19

A reaction that breaks large molecules into smaller ones by the addition of water is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) exchange reaction. 
B) catalysis reaction. 
C) hydrolysis reaction. 
D) condensation reaction. 
A) exchange reaction. 
B) catalysis reaction. 
C) hydrolysis reaction. 
D) condensation reaction.

Question 20

Most body water comes from:

Accepted Answer

A) moisture absorbed through the skin. 
B) fluids we drink. 
C) the food we eat. 
D) metabolism. 
A) moisture absorbed through the skin. 
B) fluids we drink. 
C) the food we eat. 
D) metabolism.

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

The DASH diet is:

In most people,hypertension results from:

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension)diet is best characterized by:

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people.

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

A reaction that breaks large molecules into smaller ones by the addition of water is called a(n):

Most body water comes from:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibre

Lipids

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Elements

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus on Biotechnology

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Supplements

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