Question 1

What occurs during dissolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minerals soak up water molecules. 
B)  Both the minerals and the water are consumed resulting in new minerals. 
C)  Mineral molecules break apart, and these molecules then disperse in water. 
D)  Oxidation occurs. 
A)  Minerals soak up water molecules. 
B)  Both the minerals and the water are consumed resulting in new minerals. 
C)  Mineral molecules break apart, and these molecules then disperse in water. 
D)  Oxidation occurs.

Question 2

Natural water is pure H2O.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of calcite is called

Accepted Answer

A)  limestone. 
B)  rock salt. 
C)  chert. 
D)  rock gypsum. 
A)  limestone. 
B)  rock salt. 
C)  chert. 
D)  rock gypsum.

Question 4

In order to produce sand-size rock fragments the crystal- or grain-size in the weathered rock must be larger than 2 mm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is true of dolomite, calcite and silica?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dolomite is not secreted by invertebrate animals for shells. 
B)  It is not different in any way from calcite, but its molecules are arranged more tightly than silica's. 
C)  It is not different in any way from silica, but its molecules are arranged more tightly than calcite's. 
D)  They are all the same. 
A)  Dolomite is not secreted by invertebrate animals for shells. 
B)  It is not different in any way from calcite, but its molecules are arranged more tightly than silica's. 
C)  It is not different in any way from silica, but its molecules are arranged more tightly than calcite's. 
D)  They are all the same.

Question 6

Why do silicate ions cement into quartz as they rise toward the surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pressure decreases. 
B)  The temperature decreases. 
C)  They come into contact with the other ions they need to precipitate. 
D)  They get access to air as they near the surface. 
A)  The pressure decreases. 
B)  The temperature decreases. 
C)  They come into contact with the other ions they need to precipitate. 
D)  They get access to air as they near the surface.

Question 7

All weathered rock is represented by clastic particles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of dolomite is called

Accepted Answer

A)  limestone. 
B)  rock salt. 
C)  rock gypsum. 
D)  dolostone. 
A)  limestone. 
B)  rock salt. 
C)  rock gypsum. 
D)  dolostone.

Question 9

How are sedimentary rocks classified? (5.4)

Accepted Answer

Origin, texture, and composition of sedi

Question 10

How do geologists interpret unseen deep ocean currents? (5.7)

Accepted Answer

Combining field observation of rocks and

Question 11

Arkose contains

Accepted Answer

A)  sandstone, mica, and silicates. 
B)  feldspar, quartz, mica, and silicates. 
C)  feldspar, biotite, and mica. 
D)  sandstone, biotite, mica, and silicates. 
A)  sandstone, mica, and silicates. 
B)  feldspar, quartz, mica, and silicates. 
C)  feldspar, biotite, and mica. 
D)  sandstone, biotite, mica, and silicates.

Question 12

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of pebbles (40%), cobbles (25%), boulders (10%) and sand (25%; even amounts of quartz and feldspar) would be called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  sandy pebblestone. 
B)  conglomeratic pebblestone. 
C)  arkose. 
D)  sandy conglomerate. 
A)  sandy pebblestone. 
B)  conglomeratic pebblestone. 
C)  arkose. 
D)  sandy conglomerate.

Question 13

The following equation is what type of chemical reaction? 2 KalSi3O8(s) + 11 H2O --> 2 K+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + 4 H4SiO4 (aq) + Al2Si2O5(OH)4(s)

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-base 
B)  dissolution 
C)  oxidation 
D)  hydrolysis 
A)  acid-base 
B)  dissolution 
C)  oxidation 
D)  hydrolysis

Question 14

Why are fossils found in sedimentary rock? (5.5)

Accepted Answer

Many sedimentary rocks also contain biol

Question 15

What could indicate that quartz sandstone and arkose may form from the weathering of granite?

Accepted Answer

A)  the composition of clastic sedimentary rocks 
B)  the texture of clastic sedimentary rocks 
C)  the size of grains in sedimentary rocks 
D)  the igneous composition 
A)  the composition of clastic sedimentary rocks 
B)  the texture of clastic sedimentary rocks 
C)  the size of grains in sedimentary rocks 
D)  the igneous composition

Question 16

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: When studying alternating sandstone and shale beds prior to 1900, sedimentologists interpreted that the sediment did not quietly settle out to the seafloor because they saw scoured bases on the graded beds and current-formed cross-beds.

Accepted Answer

A)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
B)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
C)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
D)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect. 
A)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
B)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
C)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
D)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Question 17

Which phenomenon does not usually cause graded beds?

Accepted Answer

A)  turbidity currents 
B)  river floods 
C)  storm waves 
D)  tides 
A)  turbidity currents 
B)  river floods 
C)  storm waves 
D)  tides

Question 18

How do sedimentary rocks reveal ancient environments? (5.6)

Accepted Answer

Different sedimentary rock types indicat

Question 19

Why does hematite cause the rusty red color observed in many surface rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hematite is a carbon-oxide, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
B)  Hematite contains pyrite, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
C)  Hematite is an iron-oxide, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
D)  Carbonic acid weathers hematite, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
A)  Hematite is a carbon-oxide, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
B)  Hematite contains pyrite, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
C)  Hematite is an iron-oxide, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts). 
D)  Carbonic acid weathers hematite, giving rocks the red color (even if in small amounts).

Question 20

What conditions during the formation of coal may reduce its quality for industrial use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Very high heat and pressure are applied. 
B)  Clay and silt wash periodically through the swamp that formed the coal. 
C)  The swamp that formed the coal floods. 
D)  The coal is formed of mostly green plants and contains very few woody trees. 
A)  Very high heat and pressure are applied. 
B)  Clay and silt wash periodically through the swamp that formed the coal. 
C)  The swamp that formed the coal floods. 
D)  The coal is formed of mostly green plants and contains very few woody trees.

What occurs during dissolution?

Natural water is pure H₂O.

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of calcite is called

In order to produce sand-size rock fragments the crystal- or grain-size in the weathered rock must be larger than 2 mm.

Which of the following is true of dolomite, calcite and silica?

Why do silicate ions cement into quartz as they rise toward the surface?

All weathered rock is represented by clastic particles.

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of dolomite is called

How are sedimentary rocks classified? (5.4)

How do geologists interpret unseen deep ocean currents? (5.7)

Arkose contains

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of pebbles (40%), cobbles (25%), boulders (10%) and sand (25%; even amounts of quartz and feldspar) would be called a(n)

The following equation is what type of chemical reaction? 2 KalSi3O8(s) + 11 H2O --> 2 K+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + 4 H4SiO4 (aq) + Al2Si2O5(OH)4(s)

Why are fossils found in sedimentary rock? (5.5)

What could indicate that quartz sandstone and arkose may form from the weathering of granite?

Which phenomenon does not usually cause graded beds?

How do sedimentary rocks reveal ancient environments? (5.6)

Why does hematite cause the rusty red color observed in many surface rocks?

What conditions during the formation of coal may reduce its quality for industrial use?

Why Study Earth

Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Deformation of Rocks

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Water Flowing Underground

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

Filters

Exam 5: Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

What occurs during dissolution?

Natural water is pure H2O.

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of calcite is called

In order to produce sand-size rock fragments the crystal- or grain-size in the weathered rock must be larger than 2 mm.

Which of the following is true of dolomite, calcite and silica?

Why do silicate ions cement into quartz as they rise toward the surface?

All weathered rock is represented by clastic particles.

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of dolomite is called

How are sedimentary rocks classified? (5.4)

How do geologists interpret unseen deep ocean currents? (5.7)

Arkose contains

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of pebbles (40%), cobbles (25%), boulders (10%) and sand (25%; even amounts of quartz and feldspar) would be called a(n)

The following equation is what type of chemical reaction? 2 KalSi3O8(s) + 11 H2O --> 2 K+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + 4 H4SiO4 (aq) + Al2Si2O5(OH)4(s)

Why are fossils found in sedimentary rock? (5.5)

What could indicate that quartz sandstone and arkose may form from the weathering of granite?

Which phenomenon does not usually cause graded beds?

How do sedimentary rocks reveal ancient environments? (5.6)

Why does hematite cause the rusty red color observed in many surface rocks?

What conditions during the formation of coal may reduce its quality for industrial use?

Why Study Earth

Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Deformation of Rocks

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Water Flowing Underground

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

Filters

Natural water is pure H₂O.