Question 1

What caused the giant tsunami in the Indian Ocean in 2004?

Accepted Answer

an underwa

Question 2

Figure 11.13  
-According to Figure 11.13, which option correctly describes the movement of two pins on either side of a plane in a block of clay submitted to tensional stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  They remain in the same position. 
B)  They move farther from the plane. 
C)  They move closer to the plane. 
D)  They slide along at the same distance from the plane in opposite directions. 
A)  They remain in the same position. 
B)  They move farther from the plane. 
C)  They move closer to the plane. 
D)  They slide along at the same distance from the plane in opposite directions.

Question 3

A measure of earthquake size that corresponds to the energy released during the earthquake is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  focus. 
B)  epicenter. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  magnitude. 
A)  focus. 
B)  epicenter. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  magnitude.

Question 4

Most of the energy released in an earthquake is released:

Accepted Answer

A)  during the foreshock. 
B)  during the aftershock. 
C)  during the foreshock and the aftershock. 
D)  during a single mainshock. 
A)  during the foreshock. 
B)  during the aftershock. 
C)  during the foreshock and the aftershock. 
D)  during a single mainshock.

Question 5

A seismic station records an earthquake that has a maximum surface wave amplitude of 20 mm and the S-wave arrives 40 seconds after the P-wave. The Richter magnitude of this earthquake is

Accepted Answer

A)  4.5. 
B)  5. 
C)  5.5. 
D)  6. 
A)  4.5. 
B)  5. 
C)  5.5. 
D)  6.

Question 6

Cracks where very little or no displacement of rock has occurred are called

Accepted Answer

A)  faults. 
B)  sills. 
C)  joints. 
D)  dikes. 
A)  faults. 
B)  sills. 
C)  joints. 
D)  dikes.

Question 7

A seismic station records an earthquake that has a maximum surface wave amplitude of 1 mm and the S-wave arrives 2 seconds after the P-wave. The Richter magnitude of this earthquake is

Accepted Answer

A)  1. 
B)  1.5. 
C)  2. 
D)  2.5. 
A)  1. 
B)  1.5. 
C)  2. 
D)  2.5.

Question 8

Strike-slip faults include right-lateral, left-lateral and thrust faults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is not a factor that is considered when comparing the strength of the oceanic and continental lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory rock-strength data 
B)  varying thickness of the continental and oceanic crust 
C)  chemical composition and water content 
D)  varying pressure under the ocean and the continents 
A)  laboratory rock-strength data 
B)  varying thickness of the continental and oceanic crust 
C)  chemical composition and water content 
D)  varying pressure under the ocean and the continents

Question 10

The rocks above the fault are called the hanging wall.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

All of the seismic hazards in the United States are located west of the Rocky Mountains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

If a geologist creates a geologic map of an area and then draws a cross-section of that area, what type of scientific process is shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  interpretation 
B)  observation 
C)  conclusion 
D)  experimentation 
A)  interpretation 
B)  observation 
C)  conclusion 
D)  experimentation

Question 13

What is the best construction method for a building situated in an earthquake prone area?

Accepted Answer

concrete w

Question 14

A(n) ________ forms where rocks both fold and tilt.

Accepted Answer

A)  syncline 
B)  anticline 
C)  dip 
D)  plunging fold 
A)  syncline 
B)  anticline 
C)  dip 
D)  plunging fold

Question 15

Which of the following occurs as a result of compression?

Accepted Answer

A)  elongation 
B)  strain 
C)  shortening 
D)  strength 
A)  elongation 
B)  strain 
C)  shortening 
D)  strength

Question 16

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below. There is a link between mining and faults because minerals precipitate from water percolating along faults.

Accepted Answer

A)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
B)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
C)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
D)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect. 
A)  The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. 
B)  The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. 
C)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. 
D)  The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. 
E)  Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Question 17

What type of data to date is most useful for earthquake prediction?

Accepted Answer

A)  study of rock types 
B)  study of earthquake patterns in other locations 
C)  monitoring known precursor events 
D)  monitoring world-wide seismic data and extrapolating patterns 
A)  study of rock types 
B)  study of earthquake patterns in other locations 
C)  monitoring known precursor events 
D)  monitoring world-wide seismic data and extrapolating patterns

Question 18

Oppositely dipping sides of the fold of a rock are called its limbs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Faults are:

Accepted Answer

A)  cracks where displacement has occurred. 
B)  fracture planes along which rocks used to move but don't any longer. 
C)  fractures in the bedrock. 
D)  fracture planes along which rocks move. 
A)  cracks where displacement has occurred. 
B)  fracture planes along which rocks used to move but don't any longer. 
C)  fractures in the bedrock. 
D)  fracture planes along which rocks move.

Question 20

You are asleep and are awakened to hear dishes rattling, and you feel a sensation that resembles a heavy truck striking your building. On the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, what intensity is the earthquake you've experienced?

Accepted Answer

A)  IV 
B)  VII 
C)  IX 
D)  XI 
A)  IV 
B)  VII 
C)  IX 
D)  XI

Exam 11: Deformation of Rocks

What caused the giant tsunami in the Indian Ocean in 2004?

Figure 11.13 -According to Figure 11.13, which option correctly describes the movement of two pins on either side of a plane in a block of clay submitted to tensional stress?

A measure of earthquake size that corresponds to the energy released during the earthquake is called the

Most of the energy released in an earthquake is released:

A seismic station records an earthquake that has a maximum surface wave amplitude of 20 mm and the S-wave arrives 40 seconds after the P-wave. The Richter magnitude of this earthquake is

Cracks where very little or no displacement of rock has occurred are called

A seismic station records an earthquake that has a maximum surface wave amplitude of 1 mm and the S-wave arrives 2 seconds after the P-wave. The Richter magnitude of this earthquake is

Strike-slip faults include right-lateral, left-lateral and thrust faults.

Which of the following is not a factor that is considered when comparing the strength of the oceanic and continental lithosphere?

The rocks above the fault are called the hanging wall.

All of the seismic hazards in the United States are located west of the Rocky Mountains.

If a geologist creates a geologic map of an area and then draws a cross-section of that area, what type of scientific process is shown?

What is the best construction method for a building situated in an earthquake prone area?

A(n) ________ forms where rocks both fold and tilt.

Which of the following occurs as a result of compression?

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below. There is a link between mining and faults because minerals precipitate from water percolating along faults.

What type of data to date is most useful for earthquake prediction?

Oppositely dipping sides of the fold of a rock are called its limbs.

Faults are:

You are asleep and are awakened to hear dishes rattling, and you feel a sensation that resembles a heavy truck striking your building. On the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, what intensity is the earthquake you've experienced?

Why Study Earth

Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Water Flowing Underground

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

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