Question 1

If you see a stream that flows year round you know that that stream

Accepted Answer

A)  receives surface water only. 
B)  receives ground water only. 
C)  receives ground water and surface water. 
D)  exists where it rains everyday. 
A)  receives surface water only. 
B)  receives ground water only. 
C)  receives ground water and surface water. 
D)  exists where it rains everyday.

Question 2

Which of the following is not true of soft water?

Accepted Answer

A)  It requires special filters and chemicals to produce. 
B)  It may clog pipes. 
C)  It may add toxic metals to drinking water. 
D)  It may corrode pipes. 
A)  It requires special filters and chemicals to produce. 
B)  It may clog pipes. 
C)  It may add toxic metals to drinking water. 
D)  It may corrode pipes.

Question 3

The permeability of an igneous rock can be increased by

Accepted Answer

A)  sorting. 
B)  cementation. 
C)  fracturing. 
D)  metamorphism. 
A)  sorting. 
B)  cementation. 
C)  fracturing. 
D)  metamorphism.

Question 4

Many municipal water systems use a high water tower to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent pollution of the water. 
B)  paint the town's initials. 
C)  provide potential energy. 
D)  get the water out of the ground. 
A)  prevent pollution of the water. 
B)  paint the town's initials. 
C)  provide potential energy. 
D)  get the water out of the ground.

Question 5

Ground water can seep out at the surface

Accepted Answer

A)  when the water table is low because the land surface is low. 
B)  when the water table intersects the ground surface. 
C)  when the water table is high because the land surface is high. 
D)  when runoff enters the channel during and shortly after rainfall. 
A)  when the water table is low because the land surface is low. 
B)  when the water table intersects the ground surface. 
C)  when the water table is high because the land surface is high. 
D)  when runoff enters the channel during and shortly after rainfall.

Question 6

The surface that marks the top of the ground water is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  water table. 
B)  saturated zone. 
C)  unsaturated zone. 
D)  water layer. 
A)  water table. 
B)  saturated zone. 
C)  unsaturated zone. 
D)  water layer.

Question 7

What is an artesian discharge?

Accepted Answer

When water rises in a well or at a sprin

Question 8

Which well is least likely to need pumping?

Accepted Answer

A)  a well that reaches water very near the surface at an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer 
B)  a well that is drilled below a confining shale layer to a confined sandstone aquifer 
C)  a well that is drilled deep in an unconfined sandstone aquifer 
D)  any well in a limestone aquifer 
A)  a well that reaches water very near the surface at an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer 
B)  a well that is drilled below a confining shale layer to a confined sandstone aquifer 
C)  a well that is drilled deep in an unconfined sandstone aquifer 
D)  any well in a limestone aquifer

Question 9

Which factor contributes least to the dissolving of subterranean limestone?

Accepted Answer

A)  plant roots release carbon dioxide underground 
B)  general acidity 
C)  percolating ground water 
D)  abrasive rubbing action of pebbles 
A)  plant roots release carbon dioxide underground 
B)  general acidity 
C)  percolating ground water 
D)  abrasive rubbing action of pebbles

Question 10

Which type of aquifer is most common in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  sand and gravel 
B)  igneous and metamorphic rock 
C)  sandstone 
D)  limestone 
A)  sand and gravel 
B)  igneous and metamorphic rock 
C)  sandstone 
D)  limestone

Question 11

A layer of impermeable material, such as clay, that prevents mixing of the ground water in the aquifers above and below it is called a ________ layer.

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking 
B)  confining 
C)  constraining 
D)  restraining 
A)  blocking 
B)  confining 
C)  constraining 
D)  restraining

Question 12

Which of the following rocks would you expect to have the highest permeability?

Accepted Answer

A)  poorly-sorted uncemented sand 
B)  poorly-sorted cemented sand 
C)  well-sorted cemented sand 
D)  well-sorted uncemented sand 
A)  poorly-sorted uncemented sand 
B)  poorly-sorted cemented sand 
C)  well-sorted cemented sand 
D)  well-sorted uncemented sand

Question 13

Which of the following is not true of hard water?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the permeability of rocks. 
B)  It may add toxic metals to drinking water. 
C)  It may clog pipes. 
D)  It decreases the effectiveness of soaps. 
A)  It increases the permeability of rocks. 
B)  It may add toxic metals to drinking water. 
C)  It may clog pipes. 
D)  It decreases the effectiveness of soaps.

Question 14

Define a confined aquifer. Are these types of aquifers more or less susceptible to pollution than an unconfined aquifer?

Accepted Answer

A confined aquifer is an aquif

Question 15

Plant roots extract water from

Accepted Answer

A)  streams. 
B)  below the water table. 
C)  the saturated zone. 
D)  the unsaturated zone. 
A)  streams. 
B)  below the water table. 
C)  the saturated zone. 
D)  the unsaturated zone.

Question 16

Caverns form in all of the following rock types except

Accepted Answer

A)  igneous rocks. 
B)  sedimentary rocks. 
C)  metamorphic rocks. 
D)  igneous and metamorphic rocks. 
E)  igneous and sedimentary rocks. 
A)  igneous rocks. 
B)  sedimentary rocks. 
C)  metamorphic rocks. 
D)  igneous and metamorphic rocks. 
E)  igneous and sedimentary rocks.

Question 17

A water well is contaminated by a nearby pollution source. A consultant suggests drilling a second well to help purify the first well. Evaluate this strategy.

Accepted Answer

A)  This strategy will work to reduce the pollution in the first well by half, since half the pollution will now go to the second well. 
B)  The strategy will not work because the pattern of flow has been established and the pollution will continue to flow to the first well. 
C)  The strategy can work if the new well is pumped at a high rate to create a cone of depression deep enough to divert the polluted water. 
D)  The strategy will only work well if the pollution source has been affected by a well that is drilled into a confined aquifer. 
A)  This strategy will work to reduce the pollution in the first well by half, since half the pollution will now go to the second well. 
B)  The strategy will not work because the pattern of flow has been established and the pollution will continue to flow to the first well. 
C)  The strategy can work if the new well is pumped at a high rate to create a cone of depression deep enough to divert the polluted water. 
D)  The strategy will only work well if the pollution source has been affected by a well that is drilled into a confined aquifer.

Question 18

Excess pumping of fresh water wells in coastal areas may do all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the quality of the water. 
B)  create a deeper cone of depression. 
C)  draw salt water from the lower aquifer up. 
D)  draw water that is undrinkable. 
A)  increase the quality of the water. 
B)  create a deeper cone of depression. 
C)  draw salt water from the lower aquifer up. 
D)  draw water that is undrinkable.

Question 19

Which of the following rocks would you expect to have the lowest permeability?

Accepted Answer

A)  poorly-sorted uncemented sand 
B)  poorly-sorted cemented sand 
C)  well-sorted cemented sand 
D)  well-sorted uncemented sand 
A)  poorly-sorted uncemented sand 
B)  poorly-sorted cemented sand 
C)  well-sorted cemented sand 
D)  well-sorted uncemented sand

Question 20

What is Karst topography?

Accepted Answer

The term geologists use to des

Exam 17: Water Flowing Underground

If you see a stream that flows year round you know that that stream

Which of the following is not true of soft water?

The permeability of an igneous rock can be increased by

Many municipal water systems use a high water tower to

Ground water can seep out at the surface

The surface that marks the top of the ground water is called the

What is an artesian discharge?

Which well is least likely to need pumping?

Which factor contributes least to the dissolving of subterranean limestone?

Which type of aquifer is most common in the United States?

A layer of impermeable material, such as clay, that prevents mixing of the ground water in the aquifers above and below it is called a ________ layer.

Which of the following rocks would you expect to have the highest permeability?

Which of the following is not true of hard water?

Define a confined aquifer. Are these types of aquifers more or less susceptible to pollution than an unconfined aquifer?

Plant roots extract water from

Caverns form in all of the following rock types except

A water well is contaminated by a nearby pollution source. A consultant suggests drilling a second well to help purify the first well. Evaluate this strategy.

Excess pumping of fresh water wells in coastal areas may do all of the following except

Which of the following rocks would you expect to have the lowest permeability?

What is Karst topography?

Why Study Earth

Minerals: Building Blocks of the Planet

Rocks and Rock-Forming Processes

Formation of Magma and Igneous Rocks

Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Formation of Metamorphic Rocks

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Earth Materials As Time Keepers

Making Earth

Motion Inside Earth

Deformation of Rocks

Global Tectonics: Plates and Plumes

Tectonics and Surface Relief

Soil Formation and Landscape Stability

Mass Movements: Landscapes in Motion

Streams: Flowing Water Shapes the Landscape

Glaciers: Cold-Climate Sculptors of Continents

Shorelines: Changing Landscapes Where Land Meets Sea

Wind: a Global Geologic Process

Global Warming: Real Time Change in the Earth System

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