Question 1

Small living particles, with 3 to 200 genes, that cannot replicate without a host cell are called

Accepted Answer

A) recombinant DNAs. 
B) viruses. 
C) bacteria. 
D) tumors. 
E) plasmids. 
A) recombinant DNAs. 
B) viruses. 
C) bacteria. 
D) tumors. 
E) plasmids.

Question 2

The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen 
B) peptide 
C) phosphodiester 
D) glycosidic 
E) ionic 
A) hydrogen 
B) peptide 
C) phosphodiester 
D) glycosidic 
E) ionic

Question 3

mRNA is the smallest type of RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The two new DNA molecules formed in replication

Accepted Answer

A) are complementary to the original DNA. 
B) both contain only two new daughter DNA strands. 
C) both contain only the parent DNA strands. 
D) contain one parent and one daughter strand. 
E) are identical, with one containing both parent strands, and the other containing both daughter strands. 
A) are complementary to the original DNA. 
B) both contain only two new daughter DNA strands. 
C) both contain only the parent DNA strands. 
D) contain one parent and one daughter strand. 
E) are identical, with one containing both parent strands, and the other containing both daughter strands.

Question 5

The DNA complement of the sequence 5' G-C-C-A-T 3' is 3 -G-C-C-A-T 5'.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The anticodon sequence is found in mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Okazaki fragments are short segments formed by DNA polymerase in the daughter DNA strand that runs in the 3' to 5' direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A retrovirus uses DNA as its genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

When DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with

Accepted Answer

A) uracil. 
B) adenine. 
C) guanine. 
D) thymine. 
E) cytosine. 
A) uracil. 
B) adenine. 
C) guanine. 
D) thymine. 
E) cytosine.

Question 10

When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called a

Accepted Answer

A) deletion mutation. 
B) retrovirus insertion. 
C) substitution mutation. 
D) translocation mutation. 
E) viral mutation. 
A) deletion mutation. 
B) retrovirus insertion. 
C) substitution mutation. 
D) translocation mutation. 
E) viral mutation.

Question 11

Which one of these base pairs is found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) guanine-cytosine 
B) adenine-cytosine 
C) adenine-thymine 
D) adenine-guanine 
E) guanine-thymine 
A) guanine-cytosine 
B) adenine-cytosine 
C) adenine-thymine 
D) adenine-guanine 
E) guanine-thymine

Question 12

Which of the following hold two strands of DNA in an a helix?

Accepted Answer

A) ester linkages 
B) disulfide linkages 
C) peptide bonds 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) glycosidic linkages 
A) ester linkages 
B) disulfide linkages 
C) peptide bonds 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) glycosidic linkages

Question 13

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

Accepted Answer

A) are nucleoside analogs. 
B) prevent reverse transcription. 
C) prevent synthesis of viral proteins. 
D) prevent mRNA synthesis. 
E) prevent activation of tRNA. 
A) are nucleoside analogs. 
B) prevent reverse transcription. 
C) prevent synthesis of viral proteins. 
D) prevent mRNA synthesis. 
E) prevent activation of tRNA.

Question 14

A set of directions in the DNA base sequence for the synthesis of a protein is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) structural gene. 
B) promotor. 
C) operator. 
D) codon. 
E) regulatory gene. 
A) structural gene. 
B) promotor. 
C) operator. 
D) codon. 
E) regulatory gene.

Question 15

Which of the following can be found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) ribose 
B) GMP 
C) uracil 
D) deoxyadenosine 
E) FMN 
A) ribose 
B) GMP 
C) uracil 
D) deoxyadenosine 
E) FMN

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA sends a message to form a new strand of DNA. 
B) A base on the DNA pairs with its complementary base free in solution. 
C) DNA polymerase forms bonds between a 5'-phosphate of one nucleotide and a 3'-hydroxyl of another. 
D) On one strand the DNA is synthesized continuously. 
E) DNA ligase connects short segments of DNA on one strand. 
A) mRNA sends a message to form a new strand of DNA. 
B) A base on the DNA pairs with its complementary base free in solution. 
C) DNA polymerase forms bonds between a 5'-phosphate of one nucleotide and a 3'-hydroxyl of another. 
D) On one strand the DNA is synthesized continuously. 
E) DNA ligase connects short segments of DNA on one strand.

Question 17

DNA is a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds. 
B) peptide bonds. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) hydrophobic bonds. 
E) ester bonds. 
A) ionic bonds. 
B) peptide bonds. 
C) hydrogen bonds. 
D) hydrophobic bonds. 
E) ester bonds.

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Small living particles, with 3 to 200 genes, that cannot replicate without a host cell are called

The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by ________ bonds.

mRNA is the smallest type of RNA.

The two new DNA molecules formed in replication

The DNA complement of the sequence 5' G-C-C-A-T 3' is 3 -G-C-C-A-T 5'.

The anticodon sequence is found in mRNA.

Okazaki fragments are short segments formed by DNA polymerase in the daughter DNA strand that runs in the 3' to 5' direction.

A retrovirus uses DNA as its genetic material.

When DNA replicates, a guanine forms a base pair with

When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence, this mutation is called a

Which one of these base pairs is found in RNA?

Which of the following hold two strands of DNA in an a helix?

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

A set of directions in the DNA base sequence for the synthesis of a protein is a(n)

Which of the following can be found in DNA?

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

DNA is a protein.

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

A nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar.

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

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