Question 1

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Accepted Answer

A) nucleoside 
B) base pair 
C) nucleotide 
D) complementary base 
E) purine 
A) nucleoside 
B) base pair 
C) nucleotide 
D) complementary base 
E) purine C

Question 2

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) rRNA. 
C) tRNA. 
D) mRNA. 
E) sRNA. 
A) DNA. 
B) rRNA. 
C) tRNA. 
D) mRNA. 
E) sRNA. D

Question 4

A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a

Accepted Answer

A) genetically engineered virus. 
B) bacteria. 
C) recombinant DNA. 
D) retrovirus. 
E) vaccine. 
A) genetically engineered virus. 
B) bacteria. 
C) recombinant DNA. 
D) retrovirus. 
E) vaccine.

Question 5

Translation is the process whereby

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is synthesized from DNA. 
B) DNA is synthesized from mRNA. 
C) protein is synthesized from DNA. 
D) protein is synthesized from mRNA. 
E) mRNA is synthesized from DNA. 
A) DNA is synthesized from DNA. 
B) DNA is synthesized from mRNA. 
C) protein is synthesized from DNA. 
D) protein is synthesized from mRNA. 
E) mRNA is synthesized from DNA.

Question 6

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing a base and a sugar.

Accepted Answer

A) nucleoside 
B) base pair 
C) nucleotide 
D) complementary base 
E) pyrimidine 
A) nucleoside 
B) base pair 
C) nucleotide 
D) complementary base 
E) pyrimidine

Question 8

Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenine-thymine 
B) adenine-guanine 
C) cytosine-thymine 
D) adenine-uracil 
E) guanine-uracil 
A) adenine-thymine 
B) adenine-guanine 
C) cytosine-thymine 
D) adenine-uracil 
E) guanine-uracil

Question 9

Down syndrome is an acquired disease, not a genetic disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not a step in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) activation of tRNA 
B) initiation 
C) elongation 
D) termination 
E) unwinding of two strands of mRNA 
A) activation of tRNA 
B) initiation 
C) elongation 
D) termination 
E) unwinding of two strands of mRNA

Question 11

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Accepted Answer

A) plasmids. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) ribosomes. 
E) cell walls. 
A) plasmids. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) ribosomes. 
E) cell walls.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Cytosine and Thymine are a complementary base pair that forms 3 hydrogen bonds. 
B) Thymine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 3 hydrogen bonds. 
C) Cytosine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds. 
D) Thymine and Adenine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds. 
E) Thymine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds. 
A) Cytosine and Thymine are a complementary base pair that forms 3 hydrogen bonds. 
B) Thymine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 3 hydrogen bonds. 
C) Cytosine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds. 
D) Thymine and Adenine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds. 
E) Thymine and Guanine are a complementary base pair that forms 2 hydrogen bonds.

Question 13

Guanine is one example of a nitrogen base that is a

Accepted Answer

A) cofactor. 
B) 5-carbon sugar. 
C) phosphodiester. 
D) pyrimidine. 
E) purine. 
A) cofactor. 
B) 5-carbon sugar. 
C) phosphodiester. 
D) pyrimidine. 
E) purine.

Question 14

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is a section of mRNA produced from the DNA template below? 3' A-T-A-G-C-T-A 5'

Accepted Answer

A) 5' A-T-A-G-C-T-A 3' 
B) 5' A-U-A-G-C-U-A 3' 
C) 5' U-A-U-C-G-A-U 3' 
D) 5' U-U-U-G-C-U-U 3' 
E) 5' T-A-T-C-G-A-T 3' 
A) 5' A-T-A-G-C-T-A 3' 
B) 5' A-U-A-G-C-U-A 3' 
C) 5' U-A-U-C-G-A-U 3' 
D) 5' U-U-U-G-C-U-U 3' 
E) 5' T-A-T-C-G-A-T 3'

Question 16

The codon is found on ________, and the anticodon is found on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA; tRNA 
B) tRNA; mRNA 
C) rRNA; tRNA 
D) ribosomes; tRNA 
E) mRNA; rRNA 
A) mRNA; tRNA 
B) tRNA; mRNA 
C) rRNA; tRNA 
D) ribosomes; tRNA 
E) mRNA; rRNA

Question 17

Which of the following will not be found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenine 
B) thymine 
C) guanine 
D) cytosine 
E) ribose 
A) adenine 
B) thymine 
C) guanine 
D) cytosine 
E) ribose

Question 18

Codons are base pair sequences that

Accepted Answer

A) signal the start of DNA synthesis. 
B) signal the end of DNA synthesis. 
C) code for amino acids. 
D) signal the start of RNA synthesis. 
E) code for one or more bases in mRNA. 
A) signal the start of DNA synthesis. 
B) signal the end of DNA synthesis. 
C) code for amino acids. 
D) signal the start of RNA synthesis. 
E) code for one or more bases in mRNA.

Question 19

The mRNA triplet UUU codes for phenylalanine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following types of RNA has a large subunit and a small subunit?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) histone RNA 
C) rRNA 
D) tRNA 
E) sRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) histone RNA 
C) rRNA 
D) tRNA 
E) sRNA

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a

Translation is the process whereby

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing a base and a sugar.

Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

Down syndrome is an acquired disease, not a genetic disease.

Which of the following is not a step in protein synthesis?

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Guanine is one example of a nitrogen base that is a

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Which of the following is a section of mRNA produced from the DNA template below? 3' A-T-A-G-C-T-A 5'

The codon is found on ________, and the anticodon is found on ________.

Which of the following will not be found in DNA?

Codons are base pair sequences that

The mRNA triplet UUU codes for phenylalanine.

Which of the following types of RNA has a large subunit and a small subunit?

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The codon is found on , and the anticodon is found on .